RESUMO
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a newly identified pathogen causing acute respiratory tract infections in young infants worldwide. Since the initial document of HMPV infection in China in 2003, Chinese scientists have made lots of efforts to prevent and control this disease, including developing diagnosis methods, vaccines and antiviral agents against HMPV, as well as conducting epidemiological investigations. However, effective vaccines or special antiviral agents against HMPV are currently not approved, thus developing early diagnosis methods and knowing its epidemiological characteristics will be beneficial for HMPV control. Here, we summarized current research focused on the epidemiological characteristics of HMPV in China and its available detection methods, which will be beneficial to increase the public awareness and disease control in the future.
Assuntos
Metapneumovirus , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae , Infecções Respiratórias , Vacinas , Lactente , Humanos , Metapneumovirus/genética , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Antivirais , China/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Airborne animal viral pathogens can rapidly spread and become a global threat, resulting in substantial socioeconomic and health consequences. To prevent and control potential epidemic outbreaks, accurate, fast, and affordable point-of-care (POC) tests are essential. As a proof-of-concept, we have developed a molecular system based on the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique for avian metapneumovirus (aMPV) detection, an airborne communicable agent mainly infecting turkeys and chickens. For this purpose, a colorimetric system was obtained by coupling the LAMP technique with specific DNA-functionalized AuNPs (gold nanoparticles). The system was validated using 50 different samples (pharyngeal swabs and tracheal tissue) collected from aMPV-infected and non-infected chickens and turkeys. Viral detection can be achieved in about 60 min with the naked eye, with 100% specificity and 87.88% sensitivity for aMPV. In summary, this novel molecular detection system allows suitable virus testing in the field, with accuracy and limit of detection (LOD) values highly close to qRT-PCR-based diagnosis. Furthermore, this system can be easily scalable to a platform for the detection of other viruses, addressing the current gap in the availability of POC tests for viral detection in poultry farming. KEY POINTS: â¢aMPV diagnosis using RT-LAMP is achieved with high sensitivity and specificity. â¢Fifty field samples have been visualized using DNA-nanoprobe validation. â¢The developed system is a reliable, fast, and cost-effective option for POCT.
Assuntos
Galinhas , Ouro , Metapneumovirus , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae , Doenças das Aves Domésticas , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Metapneumovirus/genética , Metapneumovirus/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico/métodos , Técnicas de Amplificação de Ácido Nucleico/economia , Galinhas/virologia , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/economia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/veterinária , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/virologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/virologia , Doenças das Aves Domésticas/diagnóstico , Ouro/química , Perus , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Limite de Detecção , Colorimetria/métodos , DNA Viral/genéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Parainfluenza virus (PIV) is a significant etiological agent of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRIs) in infants and young children. The present study has been conducted to investigate the prevalence of recently identified respiratory viruses. METHODS: In total, 543 oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal swab samples collected from hospitalized patients with acute respiratory symptoms (ARS) between January and December 2021 (5,653 females and 4,950 males) were tested for respiratory viruses using RT-PCR. RESULTS: At least one respiratory virus was detected by RT-PCR in 119 out of 175 samples (68%). The most frequently detected virus was human rhinovirus (HRV) (34, 6.5%), followed by human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) (19, 3.6%), human bocavirus (HBoV) (8, 1.5%), human adenovirus (HAdV) (7, 1.3%), and human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) (4, 0.8%). HPIV-3 accounted for 3.6% (19/175) of all viral pathogens and was the second most frequently detected viral pathogen in our study. HPIV-3 infections peaked in the fall (November) of 2021. Phylogenetic analysis of the coding region of the viral protein HA revealed that all 35 (100%) of 35 HPIV-infected patients were infected with HPIV-3. CONCLUSIONS: HPIV was an important causative pathogen associated with ALRI in children hospitalized in Korea in the late fall of 2021, as the social distancing rules for COVID-19 were relaxed. These findings highlight the im-portance of HPIV as a cause of ALRI.
Assuntos
Infecções Respiratórias , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Prevalência , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/virologia , Infecções Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Criança , República da Coreia/epidemiologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/virologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , AdolescenteRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are significant contributors to the burden of acute respiratory infections in children, but data on hMPV from Southeast Asia are limited despite its potential for serious disease. This study aimed to compare the clinical presentation, resource utilisation and outcomes between hMPV and RSV infections in hospitalised Malaysian children. METHODS: This retrospective, observational study included children aged ≤12 years old hospitalised with hMPV or RSV, confirmed via direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) methods, between 1 July to 30 October 2022 at Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar Seremban, Malaysia. Demographic, clinical presentation, resource utilisation and outcome data were analysed. Propensity score matching was used to balance cohorts based on key demographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: This study included 192 patients, comprising 112 with hMPV and 80 with RSV. hMPV patients were older (median age 20.5 vs. 9.4 months, p < 0.001) and had a higher incidence of comorbidities (24.1% vs. 7.5%, p = 0.003). Fever was more common in the hMPV group (97.3% vs. 73.8%, p < 0.001), but the other clinical manifestations were similar. Postmatching analysis showed higher corticosteroid use in the hMPV group (p = 0.01). No significant differences were observed in the use of other resources, PICU admissions, duration of hospitalisation or mortality rates between both groups. CONCLUSION: hMPV and RSV infections in children share similar clinical manifestations and outcomes, with hMPV affecting older children and showing higher corticosteroid usage. These findings emphasise the need for equal clinical vigilance for both hMPV and RSV in paediatric respiratory infections.
Assuntos
Metapneumovirus , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano , Infecções Respiratórias , Humanos , Criança , Lactente , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/diagnóstico , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/epidemiologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pontuação de Propensão , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , CorticosteroidesRESUMO
We compared the epidemiology, severity and management of hospitalized respiratory syncytial virus (n = 305) and human metapneumovirus (n = 39) bronchiolitis in a setting with high respiratory virus testing (95% of admissions tested). Respiratory syncytial virus-positive infants were younger and tended to require more hydration support and longer hospital stays compared to human metapneumovirus-positive infants. Respiratory support requirements were similar between groups despite significant age differences.
Assuntos
Bronquiolite Viral , Bronquiolite , Metapneumovirus , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano , Vírus , Lactente , Humanos , Bronquiolite/diagnóstico , Bronquiolite/epidemiologia , Hospitalização , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/diagnóstico , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/epidemiologia , Bronquiolite Viral/diagnóstico , Bronquiolite Viral/epidemiologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a respiratory pathogen that can cause lower respiratory tract infections and pneumonia in immunocompetent adults. Pneumonia caused by hMPV is reportedly more likely to cause bronchial wall thickening and ground-glass opacity (GGO). A 44-year-old woman with no significant medical history developed fever, cough, and nausea. Computed tomography of the chest showed scattered GGOs in the right upper lobe and infiltrating shadows with air bronchograms in the left lingual and bilateral lower lobes. The patient was admitted to our hospital for further evaluation. Atypical pneumonia was suspected and lascufloxacin (LSFX) was started. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detected hMPV on hospital day 2 using the FilmArray Respiratory Panel 2.1. Pneumonia due to hMPV was suspected and LSFX was discontinued. The patient subsequently showed spontaneous improvement and was discharged on hospital day 6 after admission. After discharge, pneumonia continued to improve. Early detection of respiratory pathogens using multiplex PCR can help determine the appropriate treatment strategy. As hMPV can also cause lobar pneumonia, we should consider pneumonia due to hMPV in the differential diagnosis of lobar pneumonia.
Assuntos
Metapneumovirus , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae , Pneumonia Viral , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Humanos , Metapneumovirus/isolamento & purificação , Metapneumovirus/genética , Adulto , Feminino , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/virologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , Pneumonia Viral/tratamento farmacológico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase MultiplexRESUMO
El metaneumovirus humano es un nuevo patógeno asociado a infecciones respiratorias, principalmente en niños, que produce cuadros clínicos que van desde leves hasta graves, los cuales pueden incluso requerir tratamiento en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Hasta el momento, la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con transcripción inversa y el cultivo celular son los métodos más usados para su diagnóstico. Se presentan los seis primeros casos de metapneumovirus humano en niños de Medellín, Colombia.
Human metapneumovirus is a newly discovered pathogen associated with respiratory disease and occurring mainly in children. It produces an acute viral respiratory disease picture that varies from mild disease to severe, and which can require strict surveillance in intensive care units. Currently, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and cell culture are the most common methods for its diagnosis. The first six cases of human metapneumovirus in Colombia are presented from Medellín.
Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Metapneumovirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/virologia , Pneumonia Viral/virologia , /uso terapêutico , Hipóxia/etiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Claritromicina/uso terapêutico , Colômbia/epidemiologia , Febre/etiologia , Testes Imunológicos , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/complicações , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/complicações , Pneumonia por Mycoplasma/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Superinfecção , Cultura de VírusRESUMO
Introducción: El año 2001 investigadores holandeses reportaron un nuevo virus capaz de causar infección respiratoria aguda (IRA) alta y baja en niños, perteneciente a la familia Paramyxoviridae, siendo el primer patógeno humano perteneciente al género Metapneumovirus y bautizándose como metapneumovirus humano (hMPV). Objetivo: Reportar la evolución clínica de 4 lactantes con IRA baja por hMPV que presentaron insuficiencia respiratoria aguda grave y revisar la literatura. Pacientes y Método: Se revisó retrospectivamente las fichas clínicas de los pacientes con diagnóstico de IRA por hMPV, hospitalizados en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos por insuficiencia respiratoria aguda entre noviembre de 2005 y septiembre de 2006. Una vez descartados los virus respiratorios habituales y Bordetella pertusis, se realizó búsqueda de hMPV mediante Transcripción reversa-Reacción en cadena de la polimerasa para la proteína de fusión (F) y búsqueda de adenovirus (ADV) por cultivo celular. Resultados: Todos presentaron síndrome bronquial obstructivo (SBO), tres requirieron conexión a ventilación mecánica invasiva, dos de ellos luego de presentar neumotórax espontáneo que necesitó drenaje pleural. En dos casos hubo coinfección con Adenovirus. Los cultivos bacterianos fueron negativos y no hubo fallecidos. Conclusión: En lactantes con SBO grave debe tenerse presente el hMPV como agente etiológico y la coinfección con ADV.
Assuntos
Lactente , Humanos , Infecções Respiratórias/complicações , Infecções Respiratórias/virologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/complicações , Doença Aguda , Infecções Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Insuficiência Respiratória/virologia , Metapneumovirus , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Metapneumovirus humano (MPVh), agente de infección respiratoria aguda baja (IRAB) recientemente descrito, ha sido detectado en 5,4 por ciento de lactantes chilenos hospitalizados por IRAB, con estudio negativo para virus respiratorio sincicial, adenovirus, parain-fluenza e influenza. Puede determinar bronquiolitis o neumonía en hospitalizados, en ocasiones llega a requerir conexión a ventilación mecánica y tratamiento en una unidad de cuidados intensivos. En algunos casos se presenta como apnea, situación que es más frecuente en prematuros. Está descrita su transmisión nosocomial. Presentamos el caso de un lactante de un mes de edad, con apnea, antecedente de prematurez e infección por MPVh y una probable adquisición intrahospitalaria. Se revisan las características clínicas de la infección por este agente y se discute la asociación con apnea e infección nosocomial. El MPVh debiera ser incluido en el estudio etiológico de lactantes que presentan apnea con estudio viral convencional negativo y como agente respiratorio de infección nosocomial
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV), a recently described pathogen of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), has been detected in 5,4 percent of Chilean infants hospitalized for LRTI whom are negative for adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza and parainfluenza viruses. hMPV may cause bronchiolitis or pneumonia in hospitalized patients, and ocassionally require admission to intensive care units and mechanical ventilation. The infection has been associated with apnea, especially in preterm infants. Nosocomial dissemination has also been described. We present the case of a one-month-of age premature infant with apnea, and infection caused by hMPV of probable nosocomial aquisition. Clinical features of hMPV infection are reviewed and its association with apnea and nosocomial transmission is discussed. hMPV should be included in the routine diagnosis of respiratory viruses in infants with apnea and should be considered among the respiratory pathogens associated with nosocomial transmission
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Apneia/virologia , Infecção Hospitalar/virologia , Metapneumovirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/complicações , Infecções Respiratórias/virologia , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Infecções Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
Metapneumovirus humano (MPVh) fue detectado entre julio y noviembre en 15 de 123 niños bajo 3 años de edad hospitalizados por infección respiratoria aguda (12 por ciento). Las muestras fueron estudiadas mediante técnicas de biología molecular (RPC-TR de muestra de hisopado nasofaríngeo y/o de sobrenadante de cultivo). El 67 por ciento de los niños hospitalizados con MPVh tenían menos de 1 año de edad, todos ellos presentaron tos y fiebre y el principal motivo de hospitalización fue el requerimiento de oxígeno en 73 por ciento de los casos. Si bien un tercio de los pacientes tenía patología previa, su evolución clínica no fue diferente respecto de los niños previamente sanos. El patrón radiológico mostró aumento de la trama intersticial, con focos de consolidación en 6 casos (40 por ciento). El diagnóstico más frecuente fue síndrome bronquial obstructivo o bronquiolitis, asociado o no a neumonía. Destaca la necesidad de un método de diagnóstico rápido para optimizar el diagnóstico diferencial, manejo y control de infecciones en estos pacientes.
Human metapneumovirus was detected in 15 of 123 children (12 percent) younger than 3 years of age hospitalized for treatment of acute respiratory infection between July and November 2004. The virus was detected by RT-PCR directly from nasopharyngeal swabs and/or from supernatants after cell culture. Children infected with hMPV were mostly younger than one year of age (67 percent), all presenting with fever and cough. The main cause for hospitalization was the need for oxygen therapy (73 percent). Four hMPV positive children had an identifiable co-morbid condition but had a similar clinical evolution when compared to previously healthy infants. Chest radiography showed an increase in interstitial infiltrates with focal consolidation in 6 children. Obstructive bronchial syndrome and bronchiolitis, with or without pneumonia, were the most frequent diagnosis associated with hMPV positivity. A rapid and sensitive diagnostic method is required to improve diagnosis and treatment of these patients.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Metapneumovirus/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Doença Aguda , Chile/epidemiologia , Hospitalização , Metapneumovirus/genética , Estudos Prospectivos , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/diagnóstico , Infecções por Paramyxoviridae/virologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Infecções Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Infecções Respiratórias/virologiaRESUMO
Background: Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has recently been described as a new causal agent of acute low respiratory infection (ALRI) in children. In South America, detection has been reported only in Brazil and Argentina. Aim: To detect hMPV in children hospitalized for ALRI in Santiago, Chile. Material and Methods: Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect N gene of hMPV in 182 nasopharyngeal aspirates that were negative for common respiratory viruses, obtained from children hospitalized for ALRI during 2003. Results: Ten samples (5.4%) were positive, most of them detected during spring months. Conclusions: Since hMPV was detected among infants with ALRI in Santiago, further studies on their prevalence should be done in South America.