Practice- and individual-level antibiotic prescribing associated with antibiotic treatment non-response in respiratory tract infections: a national retrospective observational study.
J Antimicrob Chemother
; 76(3): 804-812, 2021 02 11.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33575785
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Antibiotic overuse results in adverse clinical outcomes. This study quantified the independent contributions of practice- and individual patient-level antibiotic prescribing to antibiotic treatment non-response in respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in primary care.METHODS:
RTI episodes with antibiotic prescribed in 2018 were extracted from an Australian national general practice database. Practices were classified into tertiles by total antibiotic prescriptions per patient and ratios of broad- to narrow-spectrum antibiotic prescriptions. The association between practice- and individual patient-level antibiotic prescribing in the previous year and antibiotic treatment non-response (defined as prescription of a different antibiotic) ≤30 days after the initial RTI episode was quantified using generalized estimating equations.RESULTS:
Of 84â597 RTI episodes with antibiotics prescribed in 558 practices, 5570 (6.6%) episodes of treatment non-response were identified. Patients with high individual-level antibiotic prescribing (≥4 prescriptions/year) had an increased risk of treatment non-response (versus no prescriptions/year OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.52-1.77). At the practice level, there was no significant association between total antibiotic prescriptions per patient and treatment non-response (high versus low OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.92-1.06). RTI episodes in practices with high broad- to narrow-spectrum antibiotic ratios had an increased risk of treatment non-response (versus low-ratio practices OR = 1.14, 95% CI = 1.05-1.23); this association was only observed among patients with <4 antibiotic prescriptions/year.CONCLUSIONS:
The general practice-level broad- to narrow-spectrum antibiotic ratio was a predictor of RTI antibiotic treatment non-response in patients with lower individual-level antibiotic use. The measure of practice-level antibiotic prescribing could potentially guide the improvement of antibiotic treatment.
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções Respiratórias
/
Antibacterianos
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
Oceania
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Antimicrob Chemother
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Austrália