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Transposons: Unexpected players in cancer.
Pradhan, Rajesh Kumar; Ramakrishna, Wusirika.
Afiliação
  • Pradhan RK; Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, India.
  • Ramakrishna W; Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, India. Electronic address: rk.wusirika@cup.edu.in.
Gene ; 808: 145975, 2022 Jan 15.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34592349
Transposons are repetitive DNA sequences encompassing about half of the human genome. They play a vital role in genome stability maintenance and contribute to genomic diversity and evolution. Their activity is regulated by various mechanisms considering the deleterious effects of these mobile elements. Various genetic risk factors and environmental stress conditions affect the regulatory pathways causing alteration of transposon expression. Our knowledge of the biological role of transposons is limited especially in various types of cancers. Retrotransposons of different types (LTR-retrotransposons, LINEs and SINEs) regulate a plethora of genes that have a role in cell reprogramming, tumor suppression, cell cycle, apoptosis, cell adhesion and migration, and DNA repair. The regulatory mechanisms of transposons, their deregulation and different mechanisms underlying transposon-mediated carcinogenesis in humans focusing on the three most prevalent types, lung, breast and colorectal cancers, were reviewed. The modes of regulation employed include alternative splicing, deletion, insertion, duplication in genes and promoters resulting in upregulation, downregulation or silencing of genes.
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Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Elementos de DNA Transponíveis / Neoplasias Tipo de estudo: Risk_factors_studies Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Gene Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Índia

Texto completo: 1 Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Elementos de DNA Transponíveis / Neoplasias Tipo de estudo: Risk_factors_studies Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Gene Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Índia