Altered Plasma Fatty Acids Associate with Gut Microbial Composition in Common Variable Immunodeficiency.
J Clin Immunol
; 42(1): 146-157, 2022 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34669143
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Fatty acid (FA) abnormalities are found in various inflammatory disorders and have been related to disturbed gut microbiota. Patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) have inflammatory complications associated with altered gut microbial composition. We hypothesized that there is an altered FA profile in CVID patients, related to gut microbial dysbiosis.METHODS:
Plasma FAs were measured in 39 CVID patients and 30 healthy controls. Gut microbial profile, a food frequency questionnaire, and the effect of the oral antibiotic rifaximin were investigated in CVID patients.RESULTS:
The n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) (1.4 [1.0-1.8] vs. 1.9 [1.2-2.5], median (IQR), P < 0.05), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (3.2 [2.4-3.9] vs. 3.5 [2.9-4.3], P < 0.05), all values expressed as weight percent of total plasma FAs, were reduced in CVID compared to controls. Also, n-6 PUFAs (34.3 ± 3.4 vs. 37.1 ± 2.8, mean ± SD, P < 0.001) and linoleic acid (LA) (24.5 ± 3.3 vs. 28.1 ± 2.7, P < 0.0001) and the FA anti-inflammatory index (98.9 [82.1-119.4] vs. 117.0 [88.7-153.1], median (IQR), P < 0.05) were reduced in CVID. The microbial alpha diversity was positively associated with plasma n-6 PUFAs (r = 0.41, P < 0.001) and LA (r = 0.51, P < 0.001), but not n-3 PUFAs (P = 0.78). Moreover, a 2-week course of rifaximin significantly reduced the proportion of n-6 PUFAs (P = 0.04, UNIANOVA). Serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels correlated with plasma n-3 PUFAs (rho = 0.36, P = 0.03) and DHA (rho = 0.41, P = 0.009).CONCLUSION:
We found a potentially unfavorable FA profile in CVID, related to low IgG levels. High plasma n-6 PUFAs were related to increased gut microbial diversity and altered by rifaximin therapy.Palavras-chave
ALA; ARA; Bifidobacterium; Blautia; CVID; DHA; EPA; IgG; LA; MUFA; PID; PUFA; alpha diversity; alpha-linolenic acid; arachidonic acid; common variable immunodeficiency; desulfovibrionaceae; docosahexaenoic acid; dysbiosis; eicosapentaenoic acid; fatty acids; gut microbiota; hypogamma; immunoglobulin G; linoleic acid; monounsaturated fatty acid; n-3 PUFA; n-6 PUFA; omega 3; omega 6; polyunsaturated fatty acid; rifaximin; ruminococcaceae
Texto completo:
1
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3
/
Imunodeficiência de Variável Comum
/
Microbioma Gastrointestinal
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Clin Immunol
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Noruega