Brief Research on the Biophysical Study and Anticancer Behavior of Pt(II) Complexes: Their DNA/BSA Binding, Molecular Docking, and Cytotoxic Property.

The potent bidentate carrier ligand 2-picolylamine (pic) has been used to synthesize Pt(II) complexes to know their bioactivity and anticancer property as reflected by PASS prediction software. The dichloro Pt(II) complex [Pt(pic)Cl2], Pt-1, and its hydrolyzed diaqua complex [Pt(pic)(OH2)2]2+, Pt-2, were synthesized. The thiol-containing Pt(II) complexes [Pt(pic)(l-cys)]+, Pt-3, and [Pt(pic)(L-ac-l-cy)]+, Pt-4, were synthesized from Pt-2, which was obtained from hydrolysis of Pt-1. Their biomolecular interactions with BSA and DNA were executed by spectroscopic methods, and their cytototoxic property was tested by the MTT assay. In vitro biomolecular interactions of Pt(II) complexes with BSA and DNA were investigated by different spectroscopic and viscosity measurement methods for their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic importance. The conformational change of BSA in the presence of a drug candidate was studied by Förster resonance energy transfer calculation and synchronous and three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopic studies. A theoretical approach on optimization structures, highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy, global reactivity parameters, time-dependent density functional theory, and molecular docking with BSA and DNA was executed to strengthen and support the experimental observations. In vitro cytotoxic profiles of the complexes like the anticancer activity and their level of reactive oxygen species production were brought under consideration on A549 cancer cells and the normal human embryonic kidney cell line HEK-293. The cytotoxic property was compared with that of the recognized anticancer drug cisplatin.