The lncRNA LINC00339-encoded peptide promotes trophoblast adhesion to endometrial cells via MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Endometrial receptivity (ER), a pivotal event for successful embryo implantation, refers to the capacity of endometrium to allow the adhesion of the trophectoderm of the blastocyst to endometrial cells. In this paper, we set to elucidate whether the peptides encoded by lncRNAs could influence trophoblast cells' adhesion to endometrial cells. METHODS: WGCNA construction and bioinformatics were used to find out the ER-related lncRNAs with coding potential. Protein analysis was done by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence (IF) microscopy. CCK-8 and Calcein-AM/PI double staining assays were employed to evaluate cell viability. The effect of the peptide on trophoblast spheroids' adhesion to endometrial cells was evaluated. The RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis was applied to identify downstream molecular processes. RESULTS: lncRNA LINC00339 was found to be related to ER development and it had been predicted to have protein-coding potential. LINC00339 had high occupancy of ribosomes and was confirmed to encode a 49-aa peptide (named LINC00339-205-49aa). LINC00339-205-49aa could promote the attachment of JAR trophoblast spheroids to Ishikawa endometrial cells in vitro. LINC00339-205-49aa also upregulated the expression of E-cadherin in Ishikawa cells. Mechanistically, MAPK and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways were involved in the modulation of LINC00339-205-49aa, which were activated by LINC00339-205-49aa in Ishikawa cells. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that a previously uncharacterized peptide encoded by lncRNA LINC00339 has the ability to enhance JAR trophoblast spheroids' adhesion to Ishikawa endometrial cells, highlighting a new opportunity for the development of drugs to improve ER.