RESUMO
This study focused on detecting the reflections of healing and change in cortex activation in full-face transplantation and lesions patients on EEG activity. Face transplant patients have facial lesions before transplantation and, to identify pre-face transplant patients' brain activity in the absence of pre-transplant recordings, we used data obtained from pre-transplant facial lesion patients. Ten healthy, four facial lesion and three full-face transplant patients participated in this study. EEG data recorded for four different sensory stimuli (brush from the right face, right hand, left face, and left-hand regions) were analyzed using wavelet packet transform method. EEG waves were analyzed for standard bands. Our findings indicate significant change in the 2-4 Hz frequency range which may be a result of ongoing or previous cortical reorganization for face lesion and transplant patients. Alterations of the delta wave seen in patients with facial lesion and face transplant can also be explained by the intense central plasticity. Our findings show that the delta band differences might be used as a marker in the evaluation of post-transplant cortical plasticity in the future.
Assuntos
Eletroencefalografia , Transplante de Face , Plasticidade Neuronal , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto , Eletroencefalografia/métodos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ritmo Delta , Córtex Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Adulto Jovem , FaceRESUMO
Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effect of garlic on formation of postoperative adhesions in rats. Methods: Twenty-four Sprague dawley rats were divided into three groups. In Group 1 (sham), laparotomy was performed and stitched up. In Group 2 (control), after laparotomy was performed, punctate hemorrhage was induced by cecal abrasion in the cecum and 2 cc of saline was intraperitoneally administered to each rat. In Group 3 (experimental), after laparotomy was performed, punctate hemorrhage was induced by cecal abrasion in the cecum and each rat was intraperitoneally administered a sterile Allium sativum derivative. The rats in all groups were re-laparotomized on postoperative day 7; samples were obtained from the peritoneal tissue surrounding the cecum Results: In Group 3, there was a statistically significant difference in terms of inflammation, lymph node size, and free oxygen radicals; these parameters tended to increase. In terms of fibrosis evaluated using H&E and MT, there was no significant difference between groups 2 and 3. Conclusions: No positive outcomes indicating that Allium sativum reduces intra-abdominal adhesions were obtained. However, it caused severe inflammation in the tissue. Additionally, in immunohistochemical analyses conducted to detect oxidative stress, allium sativum increased the production of free oxygen radicals in the tissue.
Assuntos
Animais , Doenças Peritoneais/prevenção & controle , Alho/química , Doenças Peritoneais/patologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/patologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Fibrose , Imuno-Histoquímica , Aderências Teciduais/patologia , Aderências Teciduais/prevenção & controle , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Radicais Livres/análise , Laparotomia , Linfonodos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfonodos/patologiaRESUMO
Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effects of pycnogenol on peritoneal adhesions and additionally to investigate the immunohistochemical effects of free oxygen radicals and reactive lymph nodes detected in the adhesive tissue that was sampled surrounding the cecum on intra-abdominal adhesions. Methods: Twenty-seven Wistar Albino rats were divided into three groups. In group 1 (sham), laparotomy was performed and stitched up. In group 2 (control), after laparotomy was performed, punctate hemorrhage was induced by cecal abrasion in the cecum and each rat was intraperitoneally administered 2 cc of saline. In group 3 (experimental), after laparotomy was performed, punctate hemorrhage was induced by cecal abrasion in the cecum and each rat was intraperitoneally administered a sterile Pycnogenol derivative. The rats in all groups were re-laparotomized on postoperative day 7; samples were obtained from the peritoneal tissue surrounding the cecum, and the rats were sacrificed. Results: In group 3, there was a statistically significant difference in terms of inflammation, lymph node size, and free oxygen radicals; these parameters tended to increase. In terms of fibrosis evaluated using H&E and MT, there was no significant difference between groups 2 and 3. Conclusions: No positive outcomes indicating that pycnogenol reduces intra-abdominal adhesions were obtained. However, it caused severe inflammation in the tissue. Moreover, a significant increase in lymph node size was detected secondary to inflammation. Additionally, in immunohistochemical analyses conducted to detect oxidative stress, pycnogenol increased the production of free oxygen radicals in the tissue.
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Doenças Peritoneais/prevenção & controle , Peritônio/cirurgia , Flavonoides/uso terapêutico , Aderências Teciduais/prevenção & controle , Doenças Peritoneais/etiologia , Peritônio/patologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Flavonoides/efeitos adversos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Extratos Vegetais , Aderências Teciduais/etiologia , Aderências Teciduais/patologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Ratos Wistar , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Radicais Livres/análise , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/patologia , Laparotomia , Linfonodos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfonodos/patologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To evaluate histopathologically the radioprotective effect of L-carnitine on the colonic mucosa in rats undergoing abdominopelvic irradiation. METHODS: Thirty-two rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: intraperitoneal administration of normal saline (group 1) or L-carnitine (300 mL/kg; group 2), followed in groups 3 and 4, respectively, by one dose of abdominopelvic radiation (20 Gy) 30 min later. Rats were sacrificed 5 days after radiation, and their descending colons were resected for histopathological evaluation of the presence and severity of damage. RESULTS: Average damage scores did not differ significantly between groups 1 and 2 (0.13 ± 0.35 and 0.25 ± 0.46, respectively); the group 3 score was highest (10.25 ± 0.71), and the group 4 score (3.63 ± 1.41) was significantly lower than that of group 3 (both p = 0.0001). Pre-radiation L-carnitine administration significantly reduced mucosal thinning, crypt distortion, reactive atypia, inflammation, cryptitis, and reactive lymph-node hyperplasia (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: L-carnitine had a radioprotective effect on rat colonic mucosa. L-carnitine use should be explored for patients with gastrointestinal cancer, who have reduced serum L-carnitine levels.