Factors affecting nurses' compassion fatigue: A path analysis study.

BACKGROUND: Nurses often experience compassion fatigue as a result of exposure to chronic work-related stress. It is thought that nurses' mindfulness levels and patience attitudes might be effective on compassion fatigue. AIM: Therefore, in this study, it is aimed to examine the relationship between nurses' compassion fatigue, mindfulness levels and patience levels. METHODS: The study was carried out in a descriptive and relation-seeking type and was completed with the participation of 469 nurses. Data Form of Demographic and Professional Characteristics, Compassion Fatigue-Short Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and The Patience Scale were used as data collection tools. FINDINGS: As a result of the research, it was determined that there was a relationship between the mindfulness and patience levels of nurses and compassion fatigue. As the mindfulness and patience levels of nurses increase, compassion fatigue decreases (p < 0.05). As the mindfulness levels of the nurses increase, their patience levels increase as well (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Accordingly, it is recommended to increase the level of patience and reduce compassion fatigue by applying interventions that will increase the mindfulness levels of nurses.

Factors affecting the development of incontinence dermatitis among patients in intensive care unit.

AIM: This research was conducted to determine the factors affecting the development of incontinence-associated dermatitis in intensive care patients. METHODS: The sample of the study consisted of 114 intensive care patients who developed incontinence-associated dermatitis. Patients were followed for a minimum of 8 days. The 'Patient Information Form' and the 'Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis and Severity Instrument (IADSI)' were used for data collection. The data were collected between February and May 2022. Ethics committee approval was obtained for the research. In the evaluation of the data, SPSS for Windows (Version 24.0, Statistical Package for Social Sciences) program was used. RESULTS: It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the mean IADSI score between day 1 (17.79 ± 6.06) and day 8 (27.35 ± 9.55). Statistically significant differences were found between mean IADSI score and gender, status of smoking and alcohol use, chronic disease status, regular medication use, type and level of nutrition, defecation characteristics and number, presence of infection, presence of urinary and fecal incontinence, mobility and sweating status, body and defecation hygiene, age and BMI (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The day 8 IADSI scores are considered to be evidence of the rapid progress of IAD after its development. It is important to know the risk factors associated with IAD in order to recognize the risk factors before IAD develops and to take possible precautions for these risk factors.

Correlation between mindfulness, empathy and compassion levels of nursing students: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The concept of mindfulness does not attract enough attention in the field of health. Despite this, it is thought to be effective on the concept of empathy and compassion, which have an importance in nursing practices. AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the correlation between the mindfulness, empathy and compassion levels of nursing students. METHODS: This is a descriptive-correlational and cross-sectional study which comprised 347 students in the nursing department of a university. As data collection tools, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, the Basic Empathy Scale and the Compassion Scale. FINDINGS: The results of the study show that no significant correlation was found between the mindfulness, total empathy levels and cognitive empathy levels of the students, and that there was a significant negative correlation between their emotional empathy levels. There was found to be a significant positive correlation between their mindfulness and total compassion levels. DISCUSSION: The findings of this study contribute to the literature that the mindfulness of nursing students is not related to total empathy levels, but is closely related to compassion levels. Some studies in the literature support these findings. CONCLUSION: It is thought that knowing, teaching and developing the concepts of empathy and compassion in nursing education is important for raising nurses who can provide compassionate care with a high level of empathy. The practice of mindfulness should always have a prominent role in nursing education. Its correlation with empathy and compassion should be consistently highlighted.

Investigation of pain associated with endotracheal aspiration and affecting factors in an intensive care setting: A prospective observational study.

BACKGROUND: Endotracheal aspiration is a painful nociceptive procedure. There is still a gap in the literature on studies to determine the pain level and nursing interventions for aspiration. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated pain during endotracheal aspiration and examined the factors affecting pain. METHODS: This prospective observational study was conducted with 105 inpatients meeting the inclusion criteria in the internal intensive care unit of a public hospital. Two hundred ten aspiration procedures were monitored for pain and other variables. ASPMN 2019 Position Statement recommendations were followed in designing the study and determining the procedure. The pain score range obtained from The Critical Care Pain Observation Tool was 0-8. A score of 2 or more is considered to indicate the presence of pain. The primary outcome measures were pain associated with endotracheal aspiration and affecting factors in this study. The generalised linear mixed model established for aspiration procedure-associated pain and affecting factors was analysed. RESULTS: Patients' mean pain score was 1.24 ± 2.05 before, 3.07 ± 2.17 during, and 2.35 ± 1.94 after aspiration and 0.89 ± 1.40 at 15 min after aspiration. The pain rate was 26.1% before, 71% during, and 60.9% after the aspiration procedure and 18.8% after 15 min. There was a statistically significant difference between all pain scores evaluated. The difference in aspiration-related pain scores by age, respiratory diseases, sedation status, aspiration pressure, and tube diameter was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: The pain score due to aspiration procedure increased significantly in intensive care unit inpatients and is an important risk factor for patient safety. More focus is needed on the causes and measures of aspiration-related pain.

Nurses' knowledge and experience related to short peripheral venous catheter extravasation.

BACKGROUND: The majority of hospitalized patients receive a Peripheral Venous Catheter (PVC) in the course of their treatment. Extravasation injury is a serious complication of intravenous treatment. OBJECTIVE: This cross-sectional survey designed study aims to investigate nurses' knowledge and experience related to short peripheral venous catheter extravasation. METHOD: The study sample included 145 nurses working in a university hospital in the west of Turkey. A questionnaire developed in accordance with the literature was used for data collection. The data were assessed by frequency and proportions. RESULTS: Of the nurses included in this study, 26.2% reported they had experienced extravasation injury in a patient; 74.5% said they had received no instruction in the management of extravasation during their in-service training program; and 85.5% stated they did not keep a record of extravasation. 89.7% of the nurses reported infused medications as a cause of extravasation, and 81.4% reported catheter sites as a cause. Among the medications reported by the nurses as causing extravasation: 89.7% reported contrast agents; 84.8% TPN solutions; 71.0% cytotoxic agents; and 65.1% mannitol. The symptoms of extravasation reported by nurses included: swelling (97.9%), redness (97.2%), pain (92.4%), rise in temperature (65.5%), and ulceration (60.0%). In responding to the occurrence of extravasation, interventions reported by the nurses included: stopping the flow of fluid (98.6%), elevation (89.7%), cold application (76.6%), and aspiration of drug (40.7%). CONCLUSION: Based on these results, it is recommended that guidelines are developed for the management of extravasation, that periodic in-service training programs are provided and that observational studies are carried out into the administration of vesicant drugs.

Correlation of nurses' mindfulness with their perception of individualized care: A cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation of nurses' mindfulness with their perception of individualized care. DESIGN AND METHODS: It was designed as a descriptive correlational study. Two hundred seventy-one nurses were included in this study. FINDINGS: The mean total score was 4.20 ± 0.04 on the "Mindful Attention Awareness Scale" and 3.97 ± 0.04 on the "Individualized Care Scale-Nurse." There was a significant positive correlation between the mean total score on the scales and the subscales (p < 0.01). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Therefore, the education and practical training of nurses should include methods designed to improve their levels of mindfulness.

Nursing Students' Spiritual Orientations and Their Attitudes Toward the Principles of Dying with Dignity: A Sample from Turkey.

Nurses' attitudes toward spiritual care and death are influenced by their personal belief systems and world-views. The aim of this study is to reveal the attitudes of nursing students toward spiritual orientation and principles of dying with dignity. The study was conducted with the participation of 478 nursing students. As a result of the study, it was found that the average score of the students' spiritual orientation scale was high and the average score of the assessment scale of attitudes toward the principles of dying with dignity was found to be moderate.

Examining Knowledge, Skill, Stress, Satisfaction, and Self-Confidence Levels of Nursing Students in Three Different Simulation Modalities.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of different simulation modalities on knowledge, skill, stress, satisfaction, and self-confidence levels of students receiving undergraduate education in three nursing schools. METHOD: This was an experimental study. Students applied the scenario of "Respiratory Sounds Assessment" which was prepared according to three different simulation modalities. In the study, the standardized patient, high-fidelity simulation, and partial task trainer were used as simulation modalities. RESULTS: An increase was observed in postpractice knowledge levels of the three groups which had similar knowledge levels before the practice. Virtual Analog Scale stress levels of the students in the standardized patient group were higher than those of others. The students' mean scores of satisfaction in learning were higher in the standardized patient group. The students in the partial task trainer group had lower scores of self-confidence in learning. Skill scores of the students were lower in the standardized patient practice than those in others. CONCLUSION: Simulation-based experiences give students the opportunity of experiencing situations they may experience in the actual practice beforehand. Therefore, this may increase their performance in real practices, as reality increases in the standardized patient group.