RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Erectile dysfunction is a common sexual problem affecting men with hypertension. It may result in withdrawal from sexual engagement, decreased work productivity, psychosocial problems including poor self-esteem and depression, and reduction in quality of life for both the affected men and their female partners. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending governmental health institutions in Gondar city, Northwest Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 423 hypertensive men randomly selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Erectile dysfunction was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function-5 tool. Sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral factors were also collected using pretested interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and analyzed using Stata-14. Binary logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with erectile dysfunction. The level of significance was computed at a p value ≤ 0.05. RESULTS: The mean age of the study participants was 58.84 ± 13.52 years. The prevalence of erectile dysfunction among hypertensive men was 46.34% (95% CI: 41.61, 51.12). About 28% of them had a mild form of erectile dysfunction while nearly 6% had severe forms. Age above 60 years (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI: 1.62, 6.55), stage II hypertension (AOR = 3.5, 95% CI: 1.63, 5.74), hypertension duration >10 years (AOR = 2.5, 95% CI:1.12, 4.19), comorbidity (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.04, 3.15), depression (AOR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.31, 4.21), and being physically active (AOR = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28, 0.83) were factors significantly associated with erectile dysfunction. CONCLUSION: Nearly half of the study participants had some form of erectile dysfunction, indicating the presence of a high burden of the problem. Assessment of hypertensive men for erectile dysfunction should be part of routine medical care.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is defined as a fall in systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥20 mmHg or diastolic BP (DBP) ≥10 mmHg within 3 minutes of standing. OH incidence is increased with hypertension, and management of these patients may pose challenges, as treatment of one can worsen the other. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of OH and its associated factors among male hypertensive patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia. METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional design was employed. Seated BP was measured twice and the average of the two taken. After BP had been stabilized for 5 minutes, SBP within 3 minutes of standing was measured twice and the minimum of the two taken. A drop of ≥20 mmHg in SBP within 3 minutes of standing was taken as OH. All male hypertensive patients who were able to attain a standing position were included. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, and clinical status of the patients were taken using structured interviewer-administered questionnaires. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS 21. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were done. P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: The median age of study participants was 57 (25-96) years. The prevalence of OH was 17.6%. Uncontrolled hypertension (adjusted OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.125-3.872) and duration of hypertension ≥5 years (adjusted OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.069-3.895) were significantly associated with OH in hypertensive patients. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of OH among male hypertensive patients was high. Hypertensive patients whose BP was uncontrolled and having had hypertension ≥5 years were risk factors of OH.