Contraception usage among young adult men of a Nigerian university.

Background Family planning services recognize reproductive health as the joint responsibility of both men and women. Efforts need to be shifted to men's own sexual health in order to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for reduction of maternal mortality and HIV transmission. Aims To determine the methods of contraception used by young adult men and factors that influence their choice of contraceptive. Methodology A cross-sectional descriptive study was done using structured questionnaires to extract relevant information from consented young male adult between ages of 16 and 24 years of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Data was coded using Microsoft Excel and was analyzed using the SPSS version 17. Results The majority of the respondents 212 (71.6%) had had sexual intercourse. Mean age at first sexual debut was 17.8 ± 2.5 years. The majority of the respondents 124 (58.5%) did not use any contraceptives during their first sexual experience and over 1/5th (21.2%) of respondents had impregnated a partner in the past with the majority, 39 (86.7%) of such pregnancies resulting in an induced abortion. Frequency of religious services attendance showed a statistically significant difference with respondents that were sexually active or had previous sex (p < 0.001). Conclusion Male involvement and education about contraceptive methods, use and consistency of contraception could have a drastic reduction in unwanted pregnancies and also a reduction in abortion complications.

The Prevalence, Risk Factors and Changes in Symptoms of Self Reported Asthma, Rhinitis and Eczema Among Pregnant Women in Ogbomoso, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND: Allergic disorders have become a major public health concern worldwide. No Nigerian study has examined the epidemiology of allergic diseases among women. AIM: To document the prevalence, risk factors and the changes in the symptoms of allergic disorders during pregnancy. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Cross-sectional study conducted at the booking and antenatal clinics of LAUTECH Teaching Hospital and Millennium Development Goals (MDG) Clinic of the Comprehensive Health Center, Oja Igbo, Ogbomoso, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Study enrolled 432 women from two public hospitals. Sociodemographic and clinical history were obtained and allergic disorders were diagnosed using ISAAC questionnaires. RESULTS: The prevalence of wheezing, eczema and rhinitis in pregnancy are 7.5%, 4.0% and 5.8% respectively. The prevalence of wheezing and eczema was slightly higher among the pregnant in past 12 months. Wheeze worsened in 70% (18/26), improved in 15% (2/26), and stable in 15% (2/26). Eczema worsened in 50% (7/14), improved in 7.1% (1/14) and stable in 42.9% (6/14), while allergic rhinitis worsened in 50% (11/22), improved in 22.7% (5/22) and stabilized in 27.3 % (6/22). In multivariate analysis, the risk of allergic diseases in pregnancy was increase 2 times by low income earning (CI: 1.2 - 2.1, p = 0.002), low level education (OR = 0.6, CI: 0.3 - 0.9, p = 0.011) and by family history of asthma, OR-4.3, CI - 1.3 - 13.9, p = 0.015. Family history of asthma increase the chances of asthma by 18.7 times, CI-2.3 - 152.2, p = 0.006, while the odd of eczema was increased 9.1 times (CI-2.7 - 30.6, p<0.001) and 2.4 times (CI: 1.2 - 4.7, p = 0.008) by second hand home smoking and low-family income respectively. The risk of allergic rhinitis were raised 1.8 times by low family income (CI 1.1 - 2.8, p = 0.013) and 3.9 times by family history of rhinitis (OR = 3.9, CI 1.2 - 12.7, p = 0.024). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of wheezing and eczema are higher in pregnancy probably due to exacerbation induced by pregnancy. Social and genetic factors are important risk factors for allergic disorders in pregnancy.

Predictors of vaginal delivery in nulliparous mothers.

BACKGROUND: Nulliparity is an obstetric high-risk group whose labor, compared with multiparae, are more likely to develop labor abnormalities that requires intervention. The aim of this report is todetermine factors that influence vaginal delivery in nulliparae. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was done on 286 eligible booked nulliparae in labor, to determine factors associated with vaginal delivery. Information about each patient's social demographic factors, and physical characteristics such as height and weight, events in labor and mode of delivery were recorded in the data sheet. Bivariate analysis was done using Chi square, while multivariate analysis was done using logistic regression. Level of significance was put at P < 0.05. RESULTS: Of a total of 944 primigravidae delivered in the unit during the study period, 286 (30.3%) were eligible for the study. Vaginal delivery was achieved in 214 (74.8%) of the eligible parturient, while 72 (25.2%) had emergency caesarean delivery. Indications for the caesarean delivery were: failure to progress (46; 63.9%), fetal distress (20; 27.8%), maternal distress (5; 8.0%), and rapidly developing pre-eclampsia in labor (1, 0.3%). The birth weight of the baby ranged between 2.0 and 4.5 kg with mean weight of 3.1 ± 0.4 kg. Birth weight (odd ratio [OR] = 0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.21-0.78), fetal head engagement in early labor (OR = 10.30, 95% CI = 1.35-78.69), and maternal body mass index (BMI) (odd ratio [OR] = 2.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03-4.20) were found to be predictors of vaginal delivery. CONCLUSION: Normal range of maternal BMI, fetal head engagement and normal range of fetal birth weight were found to be the factors associated with vaginal delivery in nulliparae. Variations in these three factors may be the underlying reason for failure to progress, which is the most common indication for caesarean section among this population of parturient.

Successful pregnancy in one horn of a bicornuate uterus.

Normal development of the female reproductive tract involves a series of complex processes characterized by the differentiation, migration, fusion, and subsequent canalization of the Müllerian system. Uterine anomalies result when these processes are interrupted. Bicornuate uterus is a unification defect of the Müllerian ducts, and it is estimated to represent 10-39% of Müllerian duct anomalies. Pregnancies in bicornuate uterus are usually considered high-risk because of association with poor reproductive outcomes, such as pregnancy loss, preterm birth, malpresentations, and fetal deformity. Routine cervical cerclage and Strassman metroplasty have been advocated as treatment for this anomaly. We report a case of successful pregnancy in one of the horns of a bicornuate uterus managed in our unit.