[Assessment of the efficacy and safety of alemtuzumab in patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in Russian population]. / Otsenka effektivnosti i bezopasnosti alemtuzumaba u patsientov s vysokoaktivnym techeniem rasseyannogo skleroza v rossiiskoi populyatsii.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the severity and frequency of infusion reactions (IR) in patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) In Russian population receiving alemtuzumab therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In retrospective study, we analyzed data from 50 patients with highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) from six Regional MS Centers in the Russian Federation who received two courses of alemtuzumab between 2018 and 2022. RESULTS: Among all IRs, the most frequently reported were hives-like rashes, which were registered in 27 people, mostly of mild severity (70.6%). Headaches were the second most common IR, observed in 17 patients (34%). When comparing the group of patients who underwent music therapy (MT) with those who received alemtuzumab therapy without MT, no statistically significant difference was found in the frequency and severity of IRs. CONCLUSION: All patients experienced IRs of varying degrees of severity. A decrease in the score on the EDSS disability scale was noted. MT did not affect the occurrence or severity of IRs.

[Traumatic brain injury before the multiple sclerosis onset: a relationship with the progression of neurological disorders and pathobiochemical markers of the cerebrospinal fluid]. / Cherepno-mozgovaya travma do debyuta rasseyannogo skleroza: svyaz' s progressirovaniem nevrologicheskikh rasstroistv i patobiokhimicheskimi pokazatelyami tserebrospinal'noi zhidkosti.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of traumatic brain injury (TBI) before the multiple sclerosis (MS) onset with the rate of progression of neurological disorders and cerebrospinal fluid markers of blood-brain barrier permeability, inflammation, demyelination, and gliosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with relapsing-remitting MS in the Altai region of Russia with/without TBI before the MS onset (n=44; 19 men, 25 women in each group) participated in a prospective, controlled, randomized study. Disability rate was assessed retrospectively. Pleocytosis, levels of protein, albumin, C-reactive protein, TNF-alpha, myelin basic protein, S100 protein were measured in the cerebrospinal fluid in subgroups of patients (n=14 in each group) in MS remission and exacerbation. RESULTS: Concussion and mild brain contusion were documented in the group of patients with TBI before the MS onset in 35 (79.5%) and 9 (20.5%) patients, respectively. Traumatic brain injury was over the age of 15 in 72.5% of patients. The rate of MS progression was higher in the group with TBI compared to the group without TBI (0.76±1.28 and 0.40±0.43 EDSS points per year, respectively; p=0.014). TBI before the MS onset increases the risk of disability by more than 0.25 EDSS points per year (OR 2.74; 95 CI 1.10-6.85; p=0.029). Intergroup differences in cerebrospinal fluid parameters were not found either during MS exacerbation or remission. CONCLUSION: Concussion or mild brain contusion before the MS onset may be factors influencing the progression of neurological deficit in MS. It seems relevant to study the mechanisms of adverse effects of TBI on the MS progression.