Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Cancer-Associated Thrombosis Management. Where Do We Stand in 2019?

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are now widely used for the management of venous thromboembolism (VTE) that now includes cancer-associated thrombosis. This review summarizes recent data on VTE prophylaxis and treatment, new challenges, guidelines, and updates as well as the current place for DOACs on the emerging cancer-associated VTE management landscape.

Zika and Chikungunya Virus and Risk for Venous Thromboembolism.

A variety of viral infections are associated with hypercoagulable states and may be linked to the development of deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The Zika and Chikungunya viral infections spread through the South and Central American continents, moving to North America in 2016, with severe cases of polyarthralgia, fever, and Guillain-Barré syndrome leading eventually to death. A decreased trend for both infections was reported in the first quarter of 2017. In this article, we report the possible association of venous thromboembolic events associated with Zika infection. After 2 cases of deep venous thrombosis in patients with acute Zika infections, D-dimer levels were measured in 172 consecutive patients who presented to the emergency department of a university hospital in an endemic region of Brazil with either Zika or Chikungunya infections confirmed by polymerase chain reaction tests. D-dimer levels were increased in 19.4% of 31 patients with Zika and in 63.8% of 141 patients with Chikungunya infections. The mechanisms behind this association are yet to be elucidated as well as the potential for venous thromboembolism prevention strategies for in-hospital patients affected by Zika and Chikungunya infections.

Effects of nandrolone decanoate and resistance exercise on skeletal muscle in adult male rats / Efectos del decanoato de nandrolona y el ejercicio de resistencia en el músculo esquelético de ratas machos adultos

The aim of this study was to compare the effects of resistance exercise associated or not with nandrolone decanoate (ND) on skeletal muscles and body mass of adult male rats. Training protocol consisted of 15 jump sessions, for 6 weeks. ND (5mg/kg) was administered twice a week. The exercise was effective in inducing respective enlargements in fiber areas of extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles. ND associate with exercise was also able to induce increases in fiber areas these muscles. In untrained group that received nandrolone decanoate an improved in muscular parameters could be observed. In conclusion, the resistance exercise was able to promote an enlargement in fiber areas of both muscles studied without ND treatment, indicating that after a period of time of adaptation to exercise, the muscular effects caused by ND could be achieved in the same way by exercise, without ND and without risks for health.

El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los efectos del ejercicio de resistencia con o sin decanoato de nandrolona (DN) en el músculo esquelético y la masa corporal de ratas macho adultas. El protocolo de entrenamiento consistió en 15 sesiones durante 6 semanas de saltos. DN 5mg/kg se administró dos veces durante la semana. El ejercicio fue efectivo para inducir un aumento en el área de las fibras de los músculos extensor largo de los dedos y sóleo. El DN asociado con el ejercicio fue capaz de inducir un aumento en el área de las fibras de los músculos. En el grupo de DN sin entrenamiento, se observó un aumento en los parámetros musculares evaluados. El ejercicio de resistencia sin DN fue capaz de promover un aumento en el área de las fibras de los músculos, lo que indica que después de un período de adaptación al ejercicio, el efecto en los músculos causada por la DN se logró por el ejercicio, sin una gestión DN y los consiguientes peligros para la salud.