Examining antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior: An empirical study in Indonesian police context.

Police reform in the Mobile Brigade Corps unit in Indonesia, which seeks to break away from militaristic elements, has not been fully implemented optimally. This is reflected in the lack of implementation of human values in serving the community. The extra effort of officers in encouraging community service based on human values can be realized through Organizational Citizenship Behavior which is not only directed at fellow officers, but also towards organizations in the context of community service. Based on Social Exchange Theory, this study aims to investigate the mechanism of strengthening Organizational Citizenship Behavior in the context of the Police Mobile Brigade Corps with the support of Empowering Leadership, Psychological Empowerment, and Job Satisfaction. Using a quantitative approach, this study distributed online questionnaires to 395 Mobile Brigade Corps officers. Furthermore, this study analyzes the data using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling. The test results show that Empowering Leadership can strengthen Organizational Citizenship Behavior. In addition, this study reveals the mediating role of Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction in the influence of Empowering Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. With these findings, the Police Mobile Brigade Corps needs to improve the competence of officers through training and development efforts so that officers feel psychologically empowered and have job satisfaction. On the other hand, Mobile Brigade Corps needs to encourage leaders to provide opportunities for officers to participate in decision making and recognize their contributions to work.

The impact of opening the export promotion agencies on Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports.

The opening of the Indonesian Trade Promotion Center is one of the policies implemented by the government to increase Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports. However, fluctuations in the value of non-oil exports make the role of the ITPC doubtful. This study aims to analyze the impact of Indonesia Trade Promotion Center as Export Promotion Agency (EPA) on the value of Indonesia's non-oil and gas exports globally, to developing countries, and developed countries from 2000 to 2018. The method used in this study is the Random Effect Model and gravity model. Estimation results show that EPA Indonesia (ITPC) has a positive and significant effect on the value of Indonesian non-oil exports in all models. Foreign direct investment (FDI) has a positive effect and significant for global and developing countries model. GDP per capita and Free Trade Agreements have a significant positive effect on non-oil exports in all models. The geographical distance variable has a negative impact for Indonesian non-oil exports in all models, except for the developed countries model.

Breadth and depth outreach of Islamic cooperatives: do size, non-performing finance, and grant matter?

This study aimed to calculate the breadth, depth, and overall outreach score with case studies of several Islamic cooperatives in East Java. Generally, the level of this outreach is not too high, but it continuously showed an increase from 2014 to 2018. Those cooperatives with relatively small assets tend to have high outreach scores. Meanwhile, those with large assets have a lower outreach level. Therefore, this study utilized the Tobit regression analysis in order to investigate the factors that influence outreach score. The results showed that size, non-performing financing (NPF), number of branches, grants, financial leverage, and age have a significant impact on Islamic cooperatives' outreach. An interesting finding is that size has a negative effect. This is in contrast with the spirit to develop cooperatives in Indonesia. Also, a high NPF can significantly decrease the level outreach. Meanwhile, the increase in the number of grants appears to have a positive impact. Thus, through action research since 2012 and FGD on the management of Islamic cooperatives, this study provided an explanation on why these conditions can occur.

Financial performance of rural banks in Indonesia: A two-stage DEA approach.

This study aims to analyze the efficiency performance of conventional and Islamic rural banks in Indonesia, specifically, Bank Perkreditan Rakyat (BPR) and Bank Pembiayaan Rakyat Syariah (BPRS). Using a DEA approach, the results indicate that both BPR and BPRS are still inefficient in terms of the intermediation role but are efficient in production. Furthermore, the Tobit estimation show that these two efficiency results are positively affected by location and the capital adequacy ratio (CAR). These rural banks operating in cities tend to have a higher level of efficiency than otherwise. Moreover, the higher the capital, the more efficient both Islamic and conventional rural banks in terms of production and intermediation.