Investigation of the nephroprotective effect of dexmedetomidine on colistin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.

ACKGROUND: There are very few studies in the literature focusing on whether dexmedetomidine exerts a protective effect on colistin nephrotoxicity. Our study aims to investigate the nephroprotective effect of dexmedetomidine in an experimental model of nephrotoxicity in rats. METHODS: The control group was administered saline (SF) intraperitoneally twice a day. The colistin group received an intraperitoneal (ip) injection of 10 mg/kg of colistin twice a day. The DX10 group received 10 mg/kg of colistin 20 minutes after the intraperitoneal injection of 10 mcg/kg of dexmedetomidine. The DX20 group received 10 mg/kg of colistin 20 minutes after the intraperitoneal injection of 20 mcg/kg of dexmedetomidine. Applications were continued for 7 days, twice a day. All rats were sacrificed on the 8th day after blood and kidney tissue samples were taken. BUN, Creatine, KIM-1 and Endothelin-1 were studied in blood samples. RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the median values of Urea, BUN and Creatine between the groups (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, respectively). There was a significant difference in the median values of KIM-1 and Endothelin-1 between the groups (p=0.009, p=0.001, respectively). A significant difference was observed between the histopathological scores of the groups (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Dexmedetomidine significantly decreased the elevated levels of BUN, Creatinine, KIM-1, and Endothelin-1 induced by colistin. Dexmedetomidine, at both doses, histopathologically prevented apoptosis and reduced the number of necrotic cells in the kidneys. Dexmedetomidine provides renoprotective effects, therefore it is a valuable sedation agent for clinicians working in intensive care units (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 19). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: rat, colistin, nephrotoxicity, dexmedetomidine.

White Blood Count Can Be a Practical Guide for the Differential Diagnosis of Breast Abscess and Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis.

Introduction and aim Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is an inflammatory disease of the breast and has the same symptoms and radiologic imaging as breast abscess (BA). The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of inflammatory markers as white blood count (WBC), C-reactive protein (CRP), and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a potentially useful tool for the differential diagnosis of BA and IGM. Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed 31 patients with IGM and 47 patients with BA between January 2013 and April 2020. Age, symptoms, symptomatic breast side, microbiological culture, complete blood count, and C-reactive protein (CRP) values of patients were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to define the optimal cut-off for WBC, CRP, and NLR. Results WBC was significantly higher in the BA group compared to the IGM group (11.45 vs. 9.78; p=0.042), but no difference was found for CRP and NLR between these groups (p=0.146, p=0.081, respectively). In ROC analysis results in BA group, cut-off values, the best sensitivity and specificity for WBC, CRP, and NLR were 8.46 × 103/µL (81%-70%), 1.5 mg/dl (77-76%), and 2.93 (70-82%), respectively. For IGM group, cut-off values, the best sensitivity and specificity for WBC, CRP and NLR were 8.49 × 103/µL (74-70%), 1.5 mg/dl (61-76%) and 2.29 (64-72%), respectively. Conclusion This study showed that CRP and NLR cannot be used as a useful tool for differential diagnosis of IGM; furthermore, WBC is a parameter that can act as a practical guide for the differential diagnosis of BA and IGM.

Superficial Acral Fibromyxoma: A case report.

INTRODUCTION: Superficial Acral Fibromixoma is a benign and rare tumor of the soft tissues, also it called digital fibromyxoma. It is a painful, slow growing solitary mass that is frequently observed in the fingers, toes and nail beds. Local recurrence is often associated with a positive margin. PRESENTATION OF CASE: A 54-year-old male patient had admitted to local state hospital with complaint of a two-lobed mass lesion in the 5th finger of the right hand. The lesion was closely adjacent to the 5th finger flexor tendon. The specimen of the patient undergoing excisional biopsy was sent to our pathology department. CONCLUSION: Superficial Acral Fibromyxoma is one of the rare benign myxoid neoplasms. Its treatment is surgical excision. We reported the case for its rarity and to keep in mind in the acral region neoplasms.