Specific Combinations of Erythrocyte Group Antigens in Blood Donors.

Blood groups are inherited biological characteristics that do not change throughout life only in healthy people. Blood group antigens determine the adaptation of a human, as a biological species, to the surrounding environment. Our goal was to study the combination and frequency characteristics of three group systems (ABO, RH, KELL) in blood donors. The blood of 743 donors (aged ≥ 18 years) has been investigated on erythrocyte blood group antigens (521 male and 222 female). The sample has been provided from diagnostic laboratory of "Health Centre Medina Ltd" of Batumi. Research was agreed with hematology department of the clinic. Blood typing of the sample has been carried out on the basis of immunogenetic laboratory of Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University. The express method with universal mono-clone antibodies was used in order to reveal blood group system antigens. ABO blood group are distributed the following order: O > A > B > AB. We allocated 16 phenotypic groups. O, Rh+, K- (38.62 ± 1.7%) are represented with the highest percentage among donors and a rather large number of the investigated donors (287 donors) is the carrier of this phenotype. A frequency distribution of the A, Rh+, K- phenotype group 10% (28.93 ± 1.6) was less. 215 donors carry A, Rh+, K- phenotype combination. O, Rh+, K+ and A, Rh+, K+ variations of the phenotype are represented with an equal percentage (3.23 ± 0.4%). 7.94 ± 0.9% donors are characterized by features of the O, Rh-, K- Erythrocyte group. A frequency distribution of B, Rh+, K- phenotype is slightly less - 6.86 ± 0.9%. A, Rh-, K combination of phenotype occurs with a frequency of 4.97 ± 0.7%, and AB, Rh+, K- occurs with a frequency of 2.28 ± 0.5%. I n the donor population there were only single cases of B, Rh-, K+ (0.13 ± 0.01); AB, Rh+, K+ (0.13 ± 0.01); AB, Rh-, K- (0.40 ± 0.2); B, Rh+, K+ (0.26 ± 0.1); O, Rh-, K+ (0.40 ± 0.2); A, Rh-, K+ (0.67 ± 0.2) combination of phenotype. The phenotype AB, Rh-, K+ was not identified. The existence of this database will increase the safety level of transfusion, widen donors database and allow the clinics to find quickly the rare combination of blood group for transfusion and decrease of the risk of post-transfusion complications.

[COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ANTIBACTERIAL EFFECT OF PHYTOANTIBIOTICS AND ANTIBIOTICS].

The objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of individual medicines and containing sum of the phyto-extracts against the bacteria causing nosocomial infections in compare to antibiotics. In the investigation were involved four strains of gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter spp. Each object was investigated on antibiotic resistance using Kirby-Bauer diffusion method on 22 types of antibiotics. The objects of the study were: Sanguinarine, Chelerythrine and Berberine hydrochloride (of lab quality); essential oils and aromatic waters of Eucalyptus, Salvia and Lavanda. For determination their antibacterial activity was used Raits serological dilution method with adaptation. The results show that the antibiotic resistant bacteria did not rise in non-diluted and 1:1 diluted test-tubes. In 1:5 diluted test-tubes was observed a little turbidity and growth, as for in other test-tubes - intensive growth. The investigated phyto-medicines show the higher antibacterial activity than the antibiotics.

DETECTION OF CTX-M GENE ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE IN KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIA ISOLATES OF HOSPITALS IN ADJARA (GEORGIA).

Research describing the epidemiology of antibiotic resistant microbes is vital to the proactive development of new antimicrobial agents. In the last years, CTX-M extended-spectrum ß-lactamases (ESBLs) have emerged worldwide and have replaced classical TEM and SHV-type ESBLs in many countries. CTX-M-15 is currently the most frequent, with a pandemic distribution, and its rapid spread is facilitated by incorporation of resistance genes in mobile genetic elements. The ESBL is efficacious in Gram-negative bacteria and thus closely associated with nosocomial environments, often colonizing the intestines, particularly in older and dependent patients. Little is known about the CTX-M ESBLs among Klebsiella pneumonia in Adjara. Our paper describes the detected and characterized ESBLs among Klebsiella pneumonia isolates from patients in two different hospitals in Adjara.

SOME CLINICALLY IMPORTANT ERYTHROCYTE BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS IN DONORS.

The distribution of erythrocyte blood group antigens was evaluated among 656 donors; samples were provided by the diagnostic laboratory "Medina" Ltd Health Centre of Batumi. Lab analysis of the sample was conducted by the immunogenetics laboratory at Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University. The frequency of the ABO allele system in donors was as follows: r (0.70), q (0.23), p (0.07). The distribution of Rhesus (Rh) factor in the donor population was as follows: Rh(-) was found among 16.3±1.43% of investigated donors; the Rh(+) phenotype was found in 83.7±1.43% of donors. Additionally, the CcDee phenotype frequency was 29.9±1.78%; CCD-ee was 17.2±1.47%; ccddee was 14.9±1.38%; and CcD-Ee was 13.9±1.34%; ccD-Ee phenotype was 11.1±1.22%; ccD-ee was 5.5±0.88%; same phenotype indicators -2.1±0.55 were observed for CcD-EE and ccD-EE; CCD-Ee was 1.4±0.45%, CCD-EE was 0.4±0.26%; and finally, the frequency of Ccddee phenotype amounts was 1.1±0.40%, ccddEe and CCddee phenotypes were both 0.2±0.17%. The analysis of the Kell system allele revealed a low frequency for the p allele at 0.05, whereas the frequency of the q allele was 0.95. This large epidemiologic analysis of donor blood provides valuable information for hematological and transfusion centers to inform the preparation of blood components for transfusion.

The association of some genetic factors with pulmonary tuberculosis in Georgian and Azeri ethno groups.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the major public health problems. Over the last half decade the significant problem is an increased ratio of drug-resistant TB cases. TB is as well the most significant infectious disease in the country of Georgia. Pulmonary tuberculosis is assessed as a complex infectious disease affected by both, environmental and genetic factors. Present study was undertaken to find out the correlation between pulmonary tuberculosis and erythrocyte blood groups antigens determinant alleles (ABO - r, p, q; Rh D+, Rh D- and MN - p, q) in two different, Georgian and Azeri, ethno groups. Immune-serological methods, direct reaction of universal monoclonal antibodies were used. Materials processed by biostatistician methods. The study had shown different correlation of pulmonary tuberculosis to erythrocyte blood groups determinant alleles in Georgian and Azeri ethno groups. In Georgian ethno group pulmonary TB correlates with ABO-r and p, Rh-D,+' and MN-p alleles, whether ABO-q, Rh-D,-' and MN-p in Azeri ethno group.

Prevalence of Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealiticum in pregnant and women with reproductive problems.

The aim of the research was to explore women with reproductive problems and pregnant women on Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma as well as to investigate spread of these microbes in the women of reproductive age. There were investigated 100 women with reproductive problem and 96 pregnant women. It was found that 64% of women with reproductive problem and 60% of pregnant women had Ureaplasma urealyticum with high titer (more then 1000 cells in ml), but Mycoplasma hominis was detected approximately in equal % of non-pregnant and pregnant women (12% - non-pregnant women; 16% - pregnant women). It is recommended to investigate women before planning pregnancy.

Composition of erythrocytic (ABO, Rh-Hr, Kell, MN) group antigens characteristic of the Ozurgeti district's population.

Erythrocytic group antigens represent a genetically stably determined trait. Investigation of antigens of the said system in different regions is of the greatest importance in terms of both the creation of demographic data of the region as well as practical medicine, especially for transplantology and transfusiology. The peripheral or venous blood of 232 local natives (healthy donors) of Ozurgeti district of Guria region has been taken as the test subject. The test subject was taken by random methods in different vilifies (Bakhvi, Mshvidobauri, Ozurgeti, Likhauri, Gurianta, Bokhvauri, Dvadzu, Pampaleti) To identify the ABO, Rh-Hr, Kell, MN system antigens, an express-method using monoclonal antibodies has been applied. In studying the ABO system, it was fixed that the highest distribution frequency was characteristic of the 0(I) group (52.3±3.2%), then follows the group A(II) (38.5±3.2%). The distribution frequency of the B(III) group is (8.2±1.8%) and that of AB(IV)--(0.8±0.5). The population's 85.2±2.32% is the carrier of the Rh+ phenotypic group, while 14.7±2.3% belongs to the Rh-phenotypic group. In studying the concentration of alleles, the low concentration of p(K) allele was detected that equaled 0.2; the concentration of q(K) allele made 0.8, that of p(M)--0.65, and that of q (N) - 035.

Detection of tolerance against human chorionic gonadotropin at malignant and benign tumors of female reproduction system.

The main aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of hCG synthesis during malignant gynecological tumors and establish the level of tolerance against hCG in malignant and benign tumors. We have examined peripheral blood of 86 patients with malignant and benign tumors of reproductive system and healthy donors, aged 42-65 for detection of anti-hCG auto-antibodies and possibility of hCG synthesis. Investigation have shown that in case of malignant tumors as auto-antibody concentration is low and hCG level is high, hCG plays a role of autocrine growth factor for tumor cells and maintains the malignancy and tumor growth. The existence of auto-antibody indicates that immune system is not completely tolerant to hCG. During studies on the effectiveness of anti-tumor vaccine, this fact should be taken into consideration.

[Correlations of congenital femoral dislocation and scoliosis]. / O vzaimosviazi vrozhdennogo vyvikha bedrennoi kosti i skolioza.

In the article is analysed the state of spine and hip joints on the basis of comparative appreciation of orthospondylometric and coxometric data in accordance with the roentgenograms in anteroposterior projection. It has been revealed that the point in common between the congenital hip dislocation and scoliosis is the same dysplastic essence. Biomechanical changes, which take part in this community, determine the final formation of pathology of spine and hip joints. In the process of examination of children with congenital hip dislocation recommended detection and preventive treatment of the spine changes and in case of spine pathology the hip joint pathology should be looked for.

[Circulatory disorders in the vertebrobasilar system in the presence of Kimmerle's anomaly]. / Distsirkuliatornye narusheniia v vertebral'no-baziliarnoi sisteme pri nalichii anomalii Kimmerle.

Patients belonging to different age groups, suffering from Kimmerle's abnormality (KA), manifested neurological symptoms caused by circulatory disturbances in the vertebral basilar system. KA is an extravasal factor in respect of the vertebral artery, causing a compression-stenosing-irritative effect.