[Embryogenesis of the human tongue]. / Embriogenez iazyka cheloveka.

Developmental peculiarities of the tongue as a whole and its main structural elements (muscles, membranes, glands, lingual tonsil) have been studied in 120 human embryos and fetuses 5-week-old--9-month-old. Transmissive electron microscopy, electron histochemistry (for estimation of 5'-nucleotidase activity), staining of semithin slices with toluidine blue and aniline++ pink have been applied. Problems on migration of myogenic elements in the developing tongue have been discussed. Ultrastructure of gustatory bulbs of the human fetus tongues has been investigated. A complete formation of the tongue takes place by the 8th-9th months of the prenatal development.

[The development of the human lingual tonsil in the prenatal period]. / Razvitie iazychnoi mindaliny cheloveka v prenatal'nom periode.

Morphofunctional regularities in the development of the lingual tonsil were examined in 120 human embryos and fetuses of gestation age of 5 weeks to 9 months with the use of a complex of histologic and injection methods and transmission electron microscopy. Lingual tonsil development was found to start at gestation age of 9 weeks. By the end of gestation period the lingual tonsil represents a complex of cryptolymphatic units, each of them consisting of cryptal epithelial wall, lymphoid parenchyma, and connective-tissue capsule. The role of postcapillary venules with parafollicular zone high endothelium of lingual tonsil follicles is discussed.

[Development of the microcirculatory bed of the human tongue in the prenatal period]. / Razvitie gemomikrotsirkuliatornogo rusla iazyka u cheloveka v prenatal'nom periode.

Morphofunctional regularities of formation and development of the blood microcirculatory bed in the human tongue have been studied in the prenatal period of morphogenesis. 119 human embryos and fetuses at the age of 5 weeks--9 months have been investigated. A complex of methods have been used: common histological (hematoxylin--eosin, after van Gieson and Mallory), injection of the lingual vessels with 20% suspension of Indian ink--gelatin, transmissive electron microscopy. General regularities of organogenesis, stages of the blood microcirculatory bed development and peculiarities of the process on formation of the primary protocapillary lingual blood bed are revealed. Regularities in structure of the terminal vascular constructions are studied for each structural element of the organ--mucosal membrane, muscles, glands, lingual tonsil. For these elements at the ultrastructural level certain features of the organic specificity in the structure of the blood microcirculatory bed links are determined.