Sporadic subependymal giant cell astrocytoma with somatic TSC2 mutation: A case report.

Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) is a rare circumscribed astrocytic glioma that occurs in approximately 25% of all tuberous sclerosis (TSC) cases. Herein, we discuss an atypical presentation of SEGA, including the genetic alterations, impact on clinical presentation, and the determinants of each medical and surgical treatment option. A 14-year-old girl presented with intermittent headache and a right intraventricular mass originating near the foramen of Monro. The tumor's proximity to critical structures necessitated maximum safe resection, which improved her symptoms. Histological findings indicated SEGA, and genetic sequencing revealed a TSC2 mutation. However, complete clinical and radiological evaluations failed to reveal TSC. Two months later, a new subependymal nodule was incidentally found. She had a recurrent left occipital horn lesion and diffuse smooth leptomeningeal enhancement with no spine drop metastases. She was administered everolimus as the tumor was considered unresectable. Subsequent imaging revealed a reduction in both residual and new lesions.

Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Prognosis and Survival.

Introduction Pancreatic adenocarcinoma and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are inter-related. The outcomes of this association were the topic of interest of a lot of prior research in this field. The primary objective of this research is the identification of the survival rate and mortality difference between patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and T2DM and those without. Methods A retrospective observational study included 83 patients who were diagnosed and managed between 2005 and 2015 at Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah. Patients with T2DM who were older than 18 years old and were diagnosed later with pancreatic adenocarcinoma were included. Results Out of 83 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, 86.75% (n=72) had T2DM at the time of diagnosis. The median age at diagnosis was significantly higher than in patients without T2DM (p=0.003). The overall survival was not affected by T2DM (p=0.289). However, hypertension had a significant impact on survival rate regardless of the presence of T2DM (OR, 3.47 (95% CI: 1.09-10.98)). Conclusion Patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma and T2DM were mostly women and aged around 60. T2DM did not have a significant effect on tumor profile. T2DM did not significantly affect survival, although other comorbidities, such as hypertension, did.