A Sociologist and the Problems of Alcohol Studies: The Life and Legacy of Selden D. Bacon.

OBJECTIVE: This article introduces a new comprehensive bibliography of pioneering sociologist of alcohol Selden Bacon and highlights the relevance of his research and administrative career to substance use studies today. METHOD: This article relies on the works of Selden Bacon assembled for the bibliography project, supplemented by published and unpublished documents and records from the collection of the former Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies (CAS) Library and private archives provided by the Bacon family. RESULTS: Trained as a sociologist, Selden Bacon gravitated toward the burgeoning field of alcohol studies early in his career, joining the Section on (later Center of) Alcohol Studies at Yale and publishing his seminal article "Sociology and the Problems of Alcohol" in 1943. His research stressed the need to better define terms like alcoholism and dependence, and to maintain scholarly independence from all sides of the alcohol debate. As CAS director, however, Bacon felt pressure to forge ties with both anti-alcoholism and beverage industry groups to keep the Center solvent and relevant in the face of a hostile Yale administration, culminating in a successful 1962 relocation to Rutgers University. CONCLUSIONS: The career of Selden Bacon is an important window into the history of substance use studies in the mid-20th century, and research on that era appears particularly urgent now: both to preserve historical records before they disperse or disappear and to highlight the post-Prohibition era's relevance for the present moment in both alcohol and cannabis research. The present bibliography is intended to help foster further reappraisal of this important figure and his era.

Howard Wilcox Haggard and the Institutionalization of Modern Alcohol Studies.

OBJECTIVE: This biographical sketch and accompanying bibliography provide a new look at Howard Wilcox Haggard, M.D., Ph.D., whose career highlights the consolidation of alcohol studies as a field in twentieth-century America. METHOD: The article relies in large part on the works of Haggard assembled for the bibliography project, supplemented by published and unpublished documents and records from collections at Rutgers University. RESULTS: Haggard began his career in respiratory physiology, influenced by his work on chemical weapons for the Army during the First World War. As his reputation grew, he moved into anesthesiology and supplemented his research with textbooks and popular science bestsellers. Haggard moved into the burgeoning field of alcohol studies after the repeal of National Prohibition and, in 1940, became the inaugural editor and president of the corporation of the Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol, now the Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs. Under the aegis of the Yale Laboratory for Applied Physiology, he also assembled and oversaw what would become the Center of Alcohol Studies. Haggard died in 1959, his legacy established as a central figure in the 20th-century transformation of alcohol studies in the United States. CONCLUSIONS: A prolific researcher with a talent for tapping into the public zeitgeist, Haggard helped provide the institutional infrastructure, academic credibility, and broad audience that made the renaissance of alcohol studies in post-Prohibition America possible.

Re-Introducing Bunky at 125: E. M. Jellinek's Life and Contributions to Alcohol Studies.

OBJECTIVE: Elvin Morton Jellinek (1890-1963) was one of the founders of modern addiction science. This overview is a brief survey of his life and achievements, intended to re-introduce alcohol scholars to his contributions (and possible failings) as well as stimulate interest and historical research in the field. METHOD: The article draws largely from the archival collection of the Rutgers Center of Alcohol Studies (CAS) Library and the Jellinek memorial issue of the CAS Information Services Newsletter. Scholarly works and personal and institutional records by or about E. M. Jellinek were assembled and, when necessary, translated into English. RESULTS: Born in 1890 in New York and raised in Hungary, Jellinek studied at several European universities and worked for various institutions and organizations in Budapest (1914-1920), Sierra Leone, Honduras, and at the Worcester State Hospital, in Massachusetts. In 1941 he became an associate professor of applied physiology at Yale University, where he directed the Yale Summer School of Alcohol Studies from 1941 to 1950. After more than a decade of work with the World Health Organization and several Canadian institutions, he taught and conducted research at the Institute for the Study of Human Problems at Stanford University until his death in 1963. Jellinek was a pioneer in research on the nature and causes of alcoholism and was an early proponent of the disease theory of alcoholism. CONCLUSIONS: With the help of E. M. Jellinek, the modern era of addiction science was launched with an international outlook that included critical attention to the physical infrastructure and intellectual capital needed to form an interdisciplinary field of basic research, applied science, and clinical practice.