Are grape juices more erosive than orange juices?

AIMS: To evaluate the chemical characteristics of grape and orange juices, and their erosive potential in the decrease of microhardness and the loss of enamel structure. METHODS: Five grape and orange juices were evaluated for pH, titratable acidity, calcium, phosphate, and fluoride concentration. De-ionised water and Cola soft drink were used as a negative and positive control, respectively. Twelve specimens of bovine enamel were immersed in beverages for 10 min at 37 °C, 3 times/day for 7 days. Erosive potential was quantified using microhardness and loss of enamel structure. Anova One Way, Student's t test, Multiple Regression and Spearman Correlation (p < 0.05) were used to analyse the results. RESULTS: Powdered grape juice showed the lowest pH (3.18 ± 0.03) and pure grape juice presented the highest titratable acidity (5.48 ± 0.06 mL NaOH/100 mL). Fresh orange juice and soya-based grape juice revealed the lowest calcium (0.77 ± 0.12 mmol/L) and phosphate concentrations (0.35 ± 0.06 mmol/L), respectively. Among juices, powdered orange juice caused the greatest decrease in surface microhardness (SMH) (127.99 ± 40.47 ΔSMH) and grape juice from concentrate caused the greatest loss of enamel structure (13.30 ± 3.56 µm). CONCLUSIONS: All of the evaluated juices contributed to dental erosion. Grape juices presented greater erosive potential than orange juices. Pure, powdered and concentrated grape juices showed similar loss of enamel structure to the Cola soft drink. The erosive potential of beverages was statistically correlated to pH, titratable acidity, calcium, phosphate and fluoride concentrations.

Erosive effect of an antihistamine-containing syrup on primary enamel and its reduction by fluoride dentifrice.

AIM: This study evaluated the action of an antihistamine-containing syrup (Claritin D) on enamel that was subsequently submitted or not to applications of fluoride dentifrice. METHODS; Two hundred sixty-four slices (n=44 per subgroup) prepared from exfoliated primary molars were evaluated in hardness tests. Six subgroups were submitted to different treatments for 10 days. The controls underwent pH cycling with (positive control) or without (negative control) three daily immersions in fluoride dentifrice/distilled water slurry. The test subgroups related to daytime use of the antihistamine syrup underwent pH cycling and two 5-min applications of Claritin D, coupled or not to the three daily immersions in the fluoride slurry. The subgroups related to nocturnal use of the syrup were submitted to the same procedures of daytime subgroups, respectively, but with one of the applications of Claritin D lasting for 8 h. RESULTS: The median hardness values obtained after use of the syrup were significantly lower than the initial ones. Equivalent values for subgroups submitted to fluoride applications in addition to treatment with the syrup were significantly higher. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the antihistamine-containing syrup reduced the hardness of primary enamel and that, in this experiment, the use of fluoride dentifrice was able to diminish this erosive effect.

[Prevalence, treatment needs, and predisposing factors for traumatic injuries to permanent dentition in 11-13-year-old schoolchildren]. / Prevalência, necessidade de tratamento e fatores predisponentes do traumatismo na dentição permanente de escolares de 11 a 13 anos de idade.

The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of traumatic injuries to the permanent incisors and the association with clinical predisposing factors and parents' schooling. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with schoolchildren aged 11 to 13 years in Biguaçu, Brazil. Dental examinations were conducted by a dentist, and the criteria for traumatic dental injuries used in the children's dental health survey in the United Kingdom were adopted. the study recorded the type of damage sustained, treatment performed or needed, the size of incisal overjet, and whether lip coverage was adequate. Socio-demographic data included sex, age, and parents' level of schooling. a total of 2,260 children were examined, and prevalence rates were 10.4%, 10.6%, and 11.2% in 11, 12, and 13-year-old children, respectively. Treatment need was 6.3 interventions per thousand incisors. Male gender and overjet greater than 5mm were significantly related to having a traumatic dental injury. Inadequate lip coverage and parents' educational level were not associated with dental trauma. The study concluded that male gender and incisal overjet greater than 5mm are associated with the occurrence of dental injury.

Prevalência, necessidade de tratamento e fatores predisponentes do traumatismo na dentição permanente de escolares de 11 a 13 anos de idade / Prevalence, treatment needs, and predisposing factors for traumatic injuries to permanent dentition in 11-13-year-old schoolchildren

Este estudo objetivou determinar a prevalência do traumatismo dentário na dentição permanente e observar associações com fatores predisponentes. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com escolares de 11 a 13 anos de Biguaçu, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Os exames foram realizados por um cirurgião-dentista utilizando os mesmos critérios do Children's Dental Health Survey do Reino Unido. Foram observados tipo de dano, tratamento providenciado e necessidade, overjet incisal, adequabilidade da cobertura labial, idade, sexo e nível de educação dos pais. Foram examinadas 2.260 crianças e as prevalências encontradas foram: 10,4 por cento, 10,6 por cento e 11,2 por cento aos 11, 12 e 13 anos, respectivamente. A necessidade de tratamento foi de 6,3 incisivos por mil examinados. Escolares do sexo masculino e com overjetmaior que 5mm tiveram mais traumatismo dentário do que escolares do sexo feminino e com overjetincisal até 5mm. Cobertura labial inadequada e nível de educação dos pais não estiveram estatisticamente associados com o traumatismo dentário. Concluiu-se que ser do sexo masculino ou ter um overjetincisal maior do que 5mm aumenta a chance de sofrer traumatismo dentário.