Temporary resolution of insulin requirement in acquired partial lipodystrophy associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease.

This is a case presentation describing a high insulin requirement that suddenly resolved in a patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with stem cell transplantation complicated by chronic graft-versus-host disease. The patient was diagnosed with acquired partial lipodystrophy that did not require alternative therapies such as leptin or insulin-like growth factor 1.

Rat Humanin is encoded and translated in mitochondria and is localized to the mitochondrial compartment where it regulates ROS production.

Evidence for the putative mitochondrial origin of the Humanin (HN) peptide has been lacking, although its cytoprotective activity has been demonstrated in a variety of organismal and cellular systems. We sought to establish proof-of-principle for a mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) in a rat-derived cellular system as the rat HN sequence is predicted to lack nuclear insertions of mitochondrial origin (NUMT). We found that the rat HN (Rattin; rHN) homologue is derived from the mitochondrial genome as evidenced by decreased production in Rho-0 cells, and that peptide translation occurs in the mitochondria as it is unaffected by cycloheximide. Rat HN localizes to the mitochondria in cellular subfractionation and immunohistochemical studies. Addition of a HN analogue to isolated mitochondria from rat INS-1 beta cells reduced hydrogen peroxide production by 55%. In summary, a locally bioactive peptide is derived and translated from an open reading frame (ORF) within rat mitochondrial DNA encoding 16S rRNA.

Prevalence of depression symptoms among adolescents aged 12-17 years in California and the role of overweight as a risk factor.

BACKGROUND: Literature documentation of the health consequences of obesity among adolescents continues to grow and includes the psychosocial consequences of obesity on this population. OBJECTIVE: The specific aim of this study was to identify prevalence of depression in adolescents, aged 12 to 17 years, and to identify the role of overweight as a risk factor for depression. METHODS: Secondary data analysis of the adolescent version of the 2005 California Health Interview Survey. Symptoms of depression were measured with a reduced version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Weight status was determined using the Centers for Disease Control definitions and those recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. RESULTS: The sample was nearly half male (50.6%). The majority of the adolescents in the sample were White (47.2%) followed by Latino (33.5%). Approximately 10% of the adolescents reported more than 10 depression symptoms. Based on BMI, 16.5% of the sample were at-risk of being overweight, and 14.7% were overweight. However, 24.4% of sample thought they were 'slightly overweight or very overweight. We did not find any statistically significant association between weight status and symptoms of depression, but at the bivariate level we did find a statistically significant association between perception of one's weight and depression, P < .001. We also found that sex (OR 3.10; CI 2.07-4.51), perceived health (OR 2.25; CI 1.53-3.31), smoking (OR 1.8; CI 1.30-2.69), and alcohol use (OR 2.06; CI 1.44-2.95) were independently associated with depression symptoms. CONCLUSION: Even though we were unable to prove the proposed association, our findings are noteworthy given that the association between these variables are less clear in the literature. Future studies that attempt to examine the relationship between these two variables may benefit from longitudinal design, inclusion of multi-item risk and protective predictors, inclusion of social-context related variables, perceived weight, and family history of obesity.