Uncovering the relationship between YAP/ WWTR1 (TAZ) genes expression and LncRNAs of SNHG15, HCP5 and LINC01433 in breast cancer tissues.

In spite of the decrease in breast cancer (BC) death rates, it has remained a significant public health concern. Dysregulation of the Hippo pathway contributes to breast cancer development and progression by enhancing cancerous cell proliferation, survival, invasion, and migration. Investigating the connection between specific lncRNAs (SNHG15, HCP5, and LINC01433) and YAP and WWTR1, and the impact of these lncRNAs on the expression of YAP and WWTR1 proteins in the Hippo pathway, may offer valuable understanding for BC diagnosis and treatment. Forty BC tissue samples were acquired from the Tumor Bank and utilized for RNA and protein extraction. Real-time PCR and western blotting techniques were performed to assess the gene and protein expressions, respectively. Correlations between variables and their associations with clinicopathological features in BC were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U or Student's t-test. Additionally, the analysis of the GEO database was utilized to validate the findings. In cancerous tissue, the up-regulation of YAP, WWTR1, HCP5, SNHG15, and Linc01433 at both the mRNA and protein levels corresponds to the findings in GEO datasets. A significant association was found between YAP and histological grade, while WWTR1 showed a correlation with family history and HER-2. The distinct and notable expression of YAP, WWTR1, SNHG15, HCP5, and Linc01433 in BC tissues, together with the results of combined ROC curve analysis derived from our finding and GEO database suggest that a combined panel of these 5 RNAs may have great potential in predicting of BC and its management.

One-dimensional photonic crystal with tilted termination and its angular filtering properties for radiative cooling.

Photonic crystals are known for their band-gap structures. Due to their band-gaps, they can act as filters in both temporal and spatial domains. However, in most cases, due to their physical symmetry, their angular responses are symmetrical. Here, a structure based on a 1D photonic crystal is introduced and analyzed, which has an asymmetric angular selectivity. The structure is analyzed using the plane wave expansion method. The properties of the structure are expressed and verified by a commercial full-wave simulator software. Based on the analysis and its results, some simple design rules are derived. By using the extracted rules and some approximations, the potential of the structure to be used in radiative coolers, which are not completely toward the sky, is introduced. It is shown that if the structure is used as windows in buildings, it can save up to tens of watts per square meter in energy consumption for air conditioning. Finally, the whole structure including the radiative cooler is simulated, and the results support the calculations and approximations.

The psychometric properties and clinical utility of neural measures of reward processing.

Reward processing is implicated in the etiology of several psychological conditions including depressive disorders. In the current paper, we examined the psychometric properties of a neural measure of reward processing, the reward positivity (RewP), in 279 adult women at baseline and 187 women 8 weeks later. The RewP demonstrated excellent internal consistency at both timepoints and good test-retest reliability using estimates from both classical test theory and generalizability theory. Additionally, the difference between RewP following reward and loss feedback was marginally associated with depressive symptoms in a subsample of participants. We also examined the relationship between subject-level dependability estimates and depression severity, finding that depressive symptoms may contribute to lower dependability on reward trials. However, this finding did not survive correction for multiple comparisons and should be replicated in future studies. These findings support RewP as a useful measure of individual differences of reward processing and point to the potential utility of this measure for various forms of psychopathology.

Refining the Analysis of Mechanism-Outcome Relationships for Anxiety Treatment: A Preliminary Investigation Using Mixed Models.

Although efficacious treatments exist for anxiety disorders, issues remain regarding how best to conceptualize and measure purported change processes in clinical research. In the current study, we examined the relationship between treatment-specific (exposure therapy, attention bias modification [ABM]) as well as more general change processes with symptoms within a transdiagnostic sample using mixed models. Results indicated that slope of self-efficacy across treatment and between-session habituation across identical exposures was associated with slope of symptom change. Although slope of anxiety ratings within session was not associated with slope of symptom change, it did interact with other candidate exposure processes to predict symptoms. Purported ABM change processes were not associated with outcome. Our use of mixed models exemplifies an emerging trend in this research aimed at minimizing loss of data through aggregation, and our results highlight the utility of integrating treatment-specific as well as more general change processes in mechanistic research.

Error-related brain activity: A time-domain and time-frequency investigation in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Increased error-related negativity (ERN), a measure of error monitoring, has been suggested as a biomarker of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Additional insight into error monitoring is possible using time-frequency decomposition of electroencephalographic (EEG) data, as it allows disentangling the brain's parallel processing of information. Greater error-related theta is thought to reflect an error detection signal, while delta activity may reflect more elaborative post-detection processes (i.e., strategic adjustments). Recent investigations show that decreased error-related alpha may index attentional engagement following errors; additionally, increases and decreases in error-related beta could reflect motor inhibition and motor preparation, respectively. However, time-frequency dynamics of error monitoring in OCD are largely unknown. The present study examined time-frequency theta, delta, alpha and beta power in early adolescents with OCD using a data-driven, cluster-based approach. The aim was to explore electrocortical measures of error monitoring in early adolescents with (n = 27, 15 females) and without OCD (n = 27, 14 females) during an arrowhead version of the flanker task while EEG activity was recorded. Results indicated that the OCD group was characterized by increased ERN and error-related theta, as well as reduced error-related beta power decrease (i.e., greater power) compared to participants without OCD. Greater error-related beta explained variance in OCD over and above the ERN and error-related theta. By examining separate time-frequency measures, the present study provides novel insights into the dynamics of error monitoring, suggesting that pediatric OCD may be characterized by enhanced error monitoring (i.e., greater theta power) and post-error inhibition (i.e., reduced beta power decrease).

The moderating effect of anxiety diagnosis on the relationship between error-related negativity and anxiety sensitivity cognitive concerns.

Anxiety sensitivity (AS) refers to fear of anxiety symptoms that are believed to result in physical (Physical Concerns), cognitive (Cognitive Concerns), or social (Social Concerns) harm. AS is implicated in a range of anxiety disorders and may propel maladaptive behaviors by increasing action monitoring systems in order to prevent errors. Indeed, anxious individuals are characterized by elevated neural responses to errors, as indexed by the error-related negativity (ERN). In the current study we examined the moderating effect of clinical diagnosis on the relationship between scores on the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI-3) and the ERN in an unselected sample (N = 124) of women. Based on semi-structured clinical interviews, participants were classified as belonging to an anxiety group (AD), a clinical control group (CC), and a healthy non-clinical group (HC). Participants completed an arrowhead version of the Flanker task while we collected electroencephalogram (EEG) data. Analyses revealed that diagnostic group moderated the association between residualized ERN (ERNResid) and Cognitive Concerns, such that the AD group demonstrated a significantly stronger and more negative association compared to the HC group. Our results indicate that the relationship between ERNResid and Cognitive Concerns is strongest in individuals characterized by elevated anxiety.

Blunted Flanker P300 Demonstrates Specificity to Depressive Symptoms in Females during Adolescence.

Recent research suggests that depressive disorders in adults are characterized by reductions in flanker P300 amplitude, and that a reduced flanker P300 may also predict worst depressive trajectories over time. The current study extended this work to adolescence-and to evaluate the specificity of the relationship between flanker P300 to depressive symptoms versus anxiety symptoms, and whether the association between flanker P300 and depressive symptoms was moderated by biological sex. To this end, P300 amplitude, depression, anxiety, and sex were assessed in a large sample of 619 adolescents aged 11 to 14. Participants completed a speeded response flanker task while EEG was recorded, as well as self-reported measures of current depression and anxiety symptoms. Reduced P300 amplitude was related to both heightened depression and anxiety symptoms in zero-order correlations. Regression-based analyses suggest that reduced P300 was uniquely related to depressive symptoms. Furthermore, this negative association between P300 and depression was apparent in female adolescents, but not male adolescents. In sum, the current study suggests that flanker P300 amplitude may potentially serve as a neural marker specific to depression in females during adolescence.

Circular dichroism spectroscopy and chiral sensing in optical fibers.

Chirality is a property of broken mirror symmetry and detecting the handedness of chiral material in small quantities is an important problem in biology and biochemistry. Here, we present a waveguide-based method to measure chirality and distinguish the enantiomers of molecules. A bi-isotropic core in an optical waveguide lifts the degeneracy of modes in a cylindrically symmetric structure. This modal degeneracy lifting is exploited to measure the chirality of the core. The proposed sensor can determine the value of the chirality parameter of the material under test and it can be utilized for various materials with nonzero chirality parameter in different frequency bands. This approach improves the circular dichroism (CD) response and outperforms conventional CD spectroscopy methods by increasing their differential output signal. To compare the results with conventional CD spectroscopy, the CD parameter is adapted to optical waveguides.

Psychometric properties of the late positive potential in adult females.

The late positive potential (LPP) is an event related potential (ERP) that has been used to study the processing of emotional stimuli and has been proposed as a biomarker for depression. However, to relate the LPP to trait-like individual differences it is important to first determine its psychometric properties. The current study assessed the reliability and internal consistency of the LPP in a large adult sample of women. We assessed the LPP following pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral images at baseline (n = 266) and approximately eight weeks later (n = 193). The LPP demonstrated good test-retest reliability and good-to-excellent internal consistency at both time points. The LPP response was not associated with concurrent depressive symptoms. These findings suggest the LPP is a relatively stable and reliable measure of emotional processing, but further research with larger samples and more elevated depression scores may be needed in order to clarify the associations between depression and LPP.

An Integrative Analysis of The Micro-RNAs Contributing in Stemness, Metastasis and B-Raf Pathways in Malignant Melanoma and Melanoma Stem Cell.

OBJECTIVE: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the stemness potency in association with BRAF mutation are in dispensable to the progression of melanoma. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been introduced as the regulator of a multitude of oncogenic functions in most of tumors. Therefore identifying and interpreting the expression patterns of these miRNAs is essential. The present study sought to find common miRNAs regulating all three important pathways in melanoma development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this experimental study, 18 miRNAs that importantly contribute to EMT and have a role in regulating self-renewal and the BRAF pathway were selected based on current literature and cross-analysis with available databases. Subsequently, their expression patterns were evaluated in 20 melanoma patients, normal tissues, serum from patients and control subjects, and melanospheres. Pattern discovery and integrative regulatory network analysis were used to find the most important miRNAs in melanoma progression. RESULTS: Among 18 selected miRNAs, miR-205, -141, -203, -15b, and -9 were differentially expressed in tumor samples than normal tissues. Among them, miR-205, -15b, and -9 significantly expressed in serum samples and healthy donors. Attribute Weighting and decision trees (DT) analysis presented evidence that the combination of miR-205, -203, -9, and -15b can regulate self-renewal and EMT process, by affecting CDH1, CCND1, and VEGF expression. CONCLUSION: We suggested here that miR-205, -15b, -203, -9 pattern as the key miRNAs linked to melanoma status, the pluripotency, proliferation, and motility of malignant cells. However, further investigations are required to find the mechanisms underlying the combinatory effects of the above mentioned miRNAs.

Expression of miR-127, miR-154, and miR-183 in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Tumors.

BACKGROUND: Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) accounts for 5%-10% of all thyroid cancers, but causes 13% of all thyroid cancer related deaths. MicroRNAs (miRs) have key functions in the development and progression of MTC. Altered expression of some miRs has been reported in many human cancers, including Thyroid cancer. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the expression of miR-154, miR-183 and miR-127 in MTC tumor tissues. METHODS: In this case-control study, 15 MTC Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples and 15 adjacent normal thyroid FFPE tissues, as a control group, were collected from Taleghani, and Loghman Hakim Hospitals, Tehran, Iran since 2005 till 2015. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the expression of miR-127, miR-154 and miR-183 was measured by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: Our data showed a significant increase in the expression of miR-127 in MTC samples in comparison with the control group (P<0.05). Although miR-154 and miR-183 expression levels had increase expression in MTC tumors, this change was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: The miR-127 could be considered as a prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic marker for the management of MTC, and it is proposed for further investigation to fully establish the role of this miRNA in MTC.

The Association between Age and Experienced Emotions in Hoarding Disorder.

Objectives: Hoarding disorder (HD) is conceptualized as a fear-based disorder and exposure to sorting/discarding possessions is a core part of treatment. However, there has been no investigation of age-related differences in emotional reaction to sorting. The objective of this study was to explore the association between age and affective response during a sorting task.Methods: Forty-nine adults with HD completed a standardized sorting task. Participants reported their current emotion before and after the sorting task and reported their subjective distress throughout the task.Results: Older participants reported significantly lower distress ratings. Only 43% of participants reported fear prior to the task and 22% reported fear after the task. The probability of reporting fear before and after the task decreased significantly with age.Conclusions: Fear may not be the emotion experienced when discarding items, particularly for older adults with HD. Future work should focus on mechanisms of action in HD treatment.Clinical Implications: Clinicians should not assume fear or anxiety to be the primary emotional response in older adults with HD when engaged in an exposure to sorting/discarding. Older hoarding patients with a more fear-oriented aversion to sorting possessions may require a treatment emphasis on increasing the percentage of items discarded.

Application of attentional bias modification training to modulate hyperactive error-monitoring in OCD.

Because obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a highly impairing and often chronic psychiatric disorder, there is high interest in novel add-on or alternative intervention approaches. The error-related negativity (ERN), a response-related ERP occurring shortly after incorrect responses, might provide a promising target for novel interventions. Increases in the ERN have been reliably shown in OCD and are viewed as an important biomarker for the disorder. The ERN has been functionally associated with a heightened response to errors as negative, potentially harmful events. Attention Bias Modification (ABM) may be one promising strategy to reduce the ERN. Thus, in the current study, we used ABM training with the aim to reduce the threat value of errors and thus the ERN in OCD. Participants with OCD (n = 23) and healthy participants (n = 24) performed a 20-minute probe detection task in a condition that trained to attend to neutral and away from negative stimuli, while another group of healthy participants (n = 24) performed a sham version of the training. Results indicated a significant reduction of initially increased ERN amplitudes in the OCD group after the training, whereas in both healthy subgroups no significant changes in ERN were observed, resulting in non-significant group differences after ABM. These results indicate that ABM training may be a viable intervention to reduce ERN in participants with increased error-signaling, as in OCD. The current study serves as a clinical pilot investigation for future studies needed to elucidate underlying mechanisms, clinical effects and long-term outcome.

Neural and behavioral correlates of inhibitory control in youths with varying levels of irritability.

BACKGROUND: Irritability, a relatively lowered threshold for anger, is prevalent in typically and atypically developing youths. Inhibitory control, the ability to suppress behaviors counter to goals, is essential for regulating emotions, including anger. Understanding how irritability relates to behavioral and neural markers of inhibitory control may inform interventions. METHODS: Youths (N=52; mean age=13.78) completed a Flanker task on an iPad to measure behavioral correlates of inhibitory control; a subsample (n=19; mean age=13.21) additionally completed a similar task while undergoing fMRI acquisition to evaluate inhibitory control on a neural level. Irritability was measured using the Affective Reactivity Index. Associations between irritability and inhibitory control were evaluated behaviorally (via Pearson correlations), and neurally (via ANCOVAs with whole-brain activation and amygdala connectivity). RESULTS: fMRI results indicated that higher levels of irritability were associated with aberrant activation (in middle frontal gyrus, amygdala/parahippocampal gyrus, anterior cingulate, lentiform nucleus/striatum) and left amygdala connectivity (with middle temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, posterior cingulate, fusiform gyrus, and thalamus). Behavioral results were mixed. LIMITATIONS: Longitudinal studies are needed to characterize changes in neural circuitry and delineate whether the brain profiles precede or are a consequence of symptoms. Larger samples powered to examine multiple irritability-related symptom dimensions will be necessary to elucidate shared vs. disorder-specific irritability mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest that pediatric irritability may be related to neural processes involving inhibitory control. Further, findings underscore the importance of neuroimaging in investigating symptom dimensions such as irritability, as neuroimaging may be more sensitive in detecting underlying abnormalities compared to behavioral data alone.

Towards a Clinically Valid Mechanistic Assessment of Exposure and Response Prevention: Preliminary Utility of an Exposure Learning Tool for Children with OCD.

Despite advances in understanding mechanisms underlying fear processes, there remains a significant gap between insights produced via laboratory assessment and concrete tools for harnessing these insights in clinical practice. In addressing this gap, researchers would ideally introduce tools that are feasible for patients in clinical practice, easily disseminated to practitioners, and clinically useful. We present pilot data on the Exposure Experience Questionnaire (EEQ), a brief measure designed to assess exposure learning mechanisms. Ten children (ages 8-15) with a primary diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) underwent exposure and response prevention in which they completed weekly exposures in clinic and at home. During each exposure, children completed an exposure practice form which included the EEQ. Results suggest the preliminary feasibility and internal consistency of this measure, with comparable utility in clinic and home settings. The EEQ was associated in the expected direction with slope of OCD symptoms, such that greater exposure learning in both clinic and homework exposures predicted improved outcome. Although limited by small sample size, these data support the continued research on the feasibility and utility of the EEQ and suggest that quantifying learning processes following exposure may be a useful addition to mechanistic research in OCD.

A comparative study of long interspersed element-1 protein immunoreactivity in cutaneous malignancies.

BACKGROUND: Skin cancer is the most common cancer worldwide and commonly classified into malignant melanoma (MM) and Nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), which mainly include basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The extent to which Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1, L1) ORF1p is expressed in cutaneous malignancies remains to be evaluated. This study aimed to assess LINE-1 ORF1p immunoreactivity in various skin cancer subtypes. METHOD: The expression level of LINE-1 ORF1p was evaluated in 95 skin cancer specimens comprising 36 (37.9%) BCC, 28 (29.5%) SCC, and 31 (32.6%) melanoma using the tissue microarray (TMA) technique. Then the association between expression of LINE-1 encoded protein and clinicopathological parameters was analyzed. RESULTS: We showed that LINE-1 ORF1p expression level was substantially higher in BCC and SCC patients compared with melanoma samples (p < 0.001). BCC cases had a higher LINE-1 histochemical score (H-score) compared with SCC cases (p = 0.004). In SCC samples, a lower level of LINE-1 ORF1p expression was associated with age younger than the mean (p = 0.041). At the same time, no significant correlation was found between LINE-1 ORF1p expression and other clinicopathological parameters (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: According to our observation, LINE-1 ORF1p immunoreactivity in various skin tumor subtypes extends previous studies of LINE-1 expression in different cancers. LINE-1ORF1p overexpression in NMSCs compared with MM can be considered with caution as a tumor-specific antigen for NMSCs.

P16INK4A Immunohistochemistry as a Gold Standard for Cervical Cancer and Precursor Lesions Screening.

BACKGROUND: High-risk (HR) Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are known as the main factors implicated in the pathogenesis of cervical preinvasive and invasive lesions. Therefore, the presence or absence of HR-HPV can be followed for the prognosis of low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Since the overexpression of p16INK4a protein depends on the presence of transcriptionally-active HPV, and due to its availability and simple interpretation, it may be considered as a proper marker to diagnose cervical cancer. METHODS: An immunohistochemical analysis of p16INK4a was performed in 72 cervical tissue specimens at Imam Khomeini Complex Hospital (Tehran, Iran) from 2016 to 2018. The performance parameters were calculated and compared using receiving operating characteristics curve (ROC) details. RESULTS: p16INK4a is significantly up-regulated in the cervical cancer samples in comparison with that in normal samples. Moreover, the ROC data showed the potential ability of p16INK4a under determined conditions as a diagnostic marker for CIN 2-3 staging and invasive cervical cancer. The molecular typing disclosed the attendance of HPV DNA in 44.4% of cases (32/72) with a predominance of HPV type 16. CONCLUSION: The molecular biomarker p16INK4a can be a good candidate for the early diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer in HPV-infected patients. Considering the increase in the expression level of p16INK4a in cancer and precancer tissues, p16INK4a may be used for early detection of cervical cancer.

Comparison of Snail1, ZEB1, E-Cadherin Expression Levels in HPV-Induced Cervical Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Molecular profiling techniques are the rapid detection of biomarkers in the human papillomavirus (HPV) infected cells. We aimed to measure the expression level of three cell factors including Snail1, ZEB-1, and E-cadherin in cervical cancer (CC), precancerous and healthy samples, simultaneously, to find potential biomarkers. METHODS: The expression level of the mentioned cell factors were investigated in 72 CC patients, precancerous patients, and healthy controls by using Real-Time PCR. RESULTS: The results demonstrated a significant reduction in the expression level of E-cadherin in cancer and precancerous cases than that in healthy cases; whereas the expression level of ZEB-1 and Snail1 were upregulated in cancer and precancerous samples. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses shows the highest AUC value emerged for Snail1: 1(95% CI: 1-1) in comparing CC and healthy groups with a sensitivity of 100.0 % and specificity of 100.0%. CONCLUSION: The molecular biomarker Snail1 may be helpful to early diagnosis and prognosis of CC in the HPV-infected human populations. Considering the increased expression level of Snail1 in cancer and precancerous tissue compared to healthy tissue as well as the area under the ROC curve, Snail1 can be used for early detection of CC.

The ReThink study: a 3-arm parallel randomized trial of cognitive bias modification, with and without adherence promotion, for adolescent anxiety disorder: trial design and protocol.

BACKGROUND: Anxiety disorders are the most common mental health problem among youth, contribute to reduced quality of daily life, and are associated with high rates of comorbidity. However, treatment rates for anxiety are very low, causing a sizeable treatment gap. There is an immediate need to identify treatment interventions that are effective, affordable, and can be delivered easily to the youth population. Cognitive Bias Modification (CBM) is one potentially effective intervention that could reach youth on a large scale, especially when self-administered at home. Thus, we aim to assess the benefit of CBM to treat youth anxiety. Further, we aim to test whether adding an adherence promotion (AP) component to the CBM intervention can improve outcomes, and whether CBM delivered both with and without the AP component is cost effective. METHODS: This is a 12-month randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted within an existing healthcare system. Potentially eligible youth (ages 12 to 17) will be identified by reviewing the electronic health record (EHR) for clinical anxiety diagnoses, which are then confirmed via research interview. We aim to enroll 498 participants and randomize them 1:1:1 to one of three arms: Arm 1 is a Low-Ratio version of the CBM program (nearly identical to the other CBM versions, but minimally effective); Arm 2 is a High-Ratio "active" CBM program; and Arm 3 is the High-Ratio CBM program with an added AP component. Participants will complete assessments at baseline, 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-months post-baseline. Youth in all three arms will self-administer the CBM program at home and will be asked to complete twelve intervention sessions over a four-week period. Arm 3 participants (High-Ratio CBM + AP) will also receive up to four telephone calls from phone coaches during the intervention period to provide technical assistance, encouragement, and motivational enhancement to increase adherence. The primary clinical outcome will be anxiety remission at 6-month follow-up. DISCUSSION: This study protocol describes the method and design for an RCT to test whether self-administered CBM both with and without adherence promotion can be an effective at-home treatment for anxious youth. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT02156531, First Posted June 5, 2014.

Fibroblast growth factor-10 and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer.

As an inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), fibroblast growth factor-10 (FGF-10) has a role in cell proliferation and differentiation in the embryo in addition to invasion and metastasis during carcinogenesis. In this study, we aimed to investigate the FGF-10 gene expression in tumor tissues based on the pathological feature of tumor related to EMT and metastasis. 62 tumors were obtained from 62 colorectal cancer patients during surgery. The pathological characteristics of the patients were carefully collected and classified by Iran National Tumor Bank. To quantify FGF-10 gene expression, RNA extraction, reverse transcription-PCR and real-time PCR were respectively performed. In addition, three colorectal cancer cell lines including LS174T, SW-948 and SW-480 were collected and cultured for further molecular analysis. Consequently, FGF-10 gene expression showed increased expression level in LS174T and SW-948 while it displayed decreased level in SW-480. Considering the tumor samples, we found an upregulation of FGF-10 gene expression in 52.1 % of all tumors in stage III and only in 9.09 % of all tumors in stage I. Also, there were an upregulation of FGF-10 gene expression in 50 % of all positive lymph invasion patients. Besides, FGF-10 gene upregulation was observed in 50 % of all tumors with a size larger than 5 cm (P value < 0.05) and 69 % of all tumors located in the colon (P value < 0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first time that FGF-10 expression is reported based on pathological features of colorectal cancer.