RESUMO
For a long time, the development of the Lycium barbarum industry has been seriously restricted by root rot disease. In general, the occurrence of plant root rot is considered to be closely related to the composition and diversity of the soil microbial community. It is critical to understand the relationship between the occurrence of root rot in L. barbarum and the soil microbial composition. In this study, samples of the rhizosphere, rhizoplane, and root zone were collected from diseased and healthy plants. The V3-V4 region of bacterial 16S rDNA and the fungal ITS1 fragment of the collected samples were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology. The sequencing results were first quality controlled and then aligned with the relevant databases for annotation and analysis. The richness of fungal communities in the rhizoplane and root zone of the healthy plants was significantly higher than that of the diseased plants (p < 0.05), and the community evenness and diversity of all the rhizoplane samples were significantly different from those of the rhizosphere and root zone. The richness of the bacterial communities in the rhizosphere and root zone of healthy plants was significantly greater than those of diseased plants (p < 0.05). The community composition of the rhizoplane was quite different from the other parts. The abundance of Fusarium in the rhizoplane and rhizosphere soil of diseased plants was higher than that in the corresponding parts of healthy plants. The abundances of Mortierella and Ilyonectria in the three parts of the healthy plants were correspondingly higher than those in the three parts of the diseased plants, and Plectosphaerella was the most abundant in the rhizoplane of diseased plants. There was little difference in the composition of the dominant bacteria at the phylum and genus levels between healthy plants and diseased plants, but the abundances of these dominant bacteria were different between healthy and diseased plants. Functional prediction showed that the bacterial community had the largest proportion of functional abundance belonging to metabolism. The functional abundances of the diseased plants, such as metabolism and genetic information processing, were lower than those of the healthy plants. The fungal community function prediction showed that the Animal Pathogen-Endophyte-Lichen Parasite-Plant Pathogen-Soil Saprotroph-Wood Saprotroph group had the largest functional abundance, and the corresponding fungi were Fusarium. In this study, we mainly discussed the differences in the soil microbial communities and their functions between the healthy and diseased L. barbarum cv. Ningqi-5, and predicted the functional composition of the microbial community, which is of great significance to understanding the root rot of L. barbarum.
RESUMO
Herein, we demonstrate a flexible, structural robust and highly electrochemical active film electrode based on evenly distributed carboxymethylcellulose-polyaniline/carbon nanotube (CMC-PANI/CNT) for supercapacitors. In this process, vertically aligned PANI nanoparticles grow in an orderly manner on CMC fibers. The highly dispersed CNT nanomaterials are then introduced by simple layer-by-layer assembly, eventually forming an interwoven network structure. Mechanical tests have shown that the obtained CMC-PANI/CNT film exhibit excellent robustness and flexibility, and can be used directly as electrodes without any conductive additives and binders. The CMC-PANI/CNT electrode with optimal CMC, PANI and CNT contents demonstrates an excellent area specific capacitance of 3106.3 mF cm-2 at 5 mA cm-2 and a gravimetric specific capacitance of 348.8 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1. Furthermore, the symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) assembled with CMC-PANI/CNT exhibits a high energy density of 99.89 µW h cm-2 at a power density of 400.02 µW cm-2, and a good cycling stability (with capacitance retention of 89.2 % after 5000 cycles). The cost-effective and eco-friendly preparation method of free-standing CMC-PANI/CNT film electrodes provide a novel insight for developing flexible energy storage devices.