[The use of lot numbers of surgically implanted devices for forensic identification]. / Mutéti implantátumok tételszáma alapján történo igazságügyi célú személyazonosítás.

The present study aims to discuss two successful identification cases of the search warrants on unknown bodies by the Baranya County Police Department. In both cases, identification was only possible by using lot numbers of the traumatological metal implants removed during exhumation, several years after the bodies had been discovered and the post-mortem investigation was completed. We hope that the cases provided will highlight the importance of secondary identifiers, specifically the lot numbers of medical implants, in forensic identification practice. We would also like to draw attention to the fact that the only way to identify the majority of the over a thousand unknown corpses in Hungary (742 of them have been under warrant for more than ten years) is to re-examine the corpses using recent years' results in technical and technological improvements. The presented cases highlight the importance of documenting the identification numbers of implanted surgical devices during autopsies. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(23): 911-918.

Forensic assessment of a life-threatening penetrating abdominal air gun injury.

Air guns are considered mostly harmless by the public opinion, but projectiles shot from common air guns can penetrate skin and thus able to cause severe, even life-threatening injury. The prevalence of air gun injuries is constantly high, but severe injuries occur rarely. Forensic evaluation of air gun injuries can be challenging since the shot wound characteristics produced by combustion in case of firearm injuries are missing. Despite these difficulties, the topic of air gun injuries is mostly overlooked in forensic literature, and there are no guidelines available which can help the assessment of specific cases. A case of an air gun injury is reported, where the projectile penetrated the abdominal wall and created multiple bowel injury. The complex assessment of all available information (macroscopic and microscopic appearance of entrance wound, types of injuries, CT findings, and crime scene reconstruction) helped to uncover the truth about the circumstances of the injury.

Positioning of the wrist for scaphoid radiography.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this cadaver study was to determine the ideal position of the wrist for scaphoid radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four cadaver wrists were rotated around their longitudinal axis in 15 degrees increments and exposures were taken. Seven postero-anterior images were taken as well. Thus, 18 images of each wrist were available for assessment. Views were determined in which the main anatomic regions of the scaphoid were visualized undistorted. The size and localization of the overlap of other carpal bones were also evaluated. Finally, views with the best visualization of anatomic landmarks were selected. The results of these three investigations were compared to literature data. RESULTS: We consider the following four images the most valuable in the diagnostic imaging of scaphoid bone: (1) Postero-anterior view in ulnar deviation of wrist and fist position of the hand; (2) oblique view in 60 degrees of pronation; (3) oblique view in 60 degrees of supination; (4) lateral view. CONCLUSION: We concluded that our four views are sufficient for proper radiographic evaluation of the scaphoid.

Analysis of the population heterogeneity in Hungary using fifteen forensically informative STR markers.

Previous studies have shown that population analyses in Hungary can be of great importance from the viewpoint of the examination of population differentiation. This study provides additional population genetic data of the Hungarian population on the thirteen CODIS core STR loci and on two penta STRs (PentaE, PentaD). Allele frequency and profile databases were generated for four population samples. Comparing the allele frequency values by G-statistic, calculating the FST indices and with the pair-wise comparisons of inter-population molecular variance (AMOVA) the four Hungarian populations could be distinguished.