Effective inactivation of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus on contaminated surgery masks by low-concentrated sodium hypochlorite dispersion.

Coronaviruses present a considerable concern for humans and animals. The current world- wide pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 virus showed many gaps in understanding of coronaviruses spread and transmission. Because of lack of effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 the only preventive measures are represented by wearing protective masks and gloves thus limiting potential risk of contact with the airborne virus. Inversely, the limited time of protective function of the masks presents another drawback of their use. Therefore, the application of disinfection agent dispersed on the surface of protective masks may enhance their effectivity and safety of their application. The aim of the study was to examine the virucidal efficacy of low-concentra- ted sodium hypochlorite dispersed using ultrasonic humidifier on the surface of surgery masks. The study was conducted using SARS-CoV-2 surrogate virus, namely porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) representing a model with similar biophysical properties and genomic structure to human coronaviruses. Five different concentrations of the disinfectant with different content of sodium hypochlorite were selected for the study. A final concentration of 0.228 g/L sodium hypochlorite effectively inactivated the PED virus and may support the biosafety of masks usage.

Características clínicas da doença diarréica em lactentes na cidade do Recife / Etiological and clinical fratures of diarrheal disease in infantis in Recife city

Analisaram-se a etiologia e as características clínicas da doença-diarréica em 161 lactentes pertencentes a famílias de baixas condiçöes sócio-econômicas na cidade de Recife. O estudo foi realizado no Hospital Geral de Pediatria do Instituto Materno Infantil de Pernambuco. Acompanhou-se a evoluçäo clínica do quadro diarréico de 128 lactentes. Conclue-se que a doença diarréica é predominantemente de etiologia bacteriana no grupo estudado

Localized, diffuse, and aggregative-adhering Escherichia coli from infants with acute diarrhea and matched-controls.

Of 126 infants under 2 years, enrolled in a study on the etiology of acute diarrhea in Recife, Brazil, we selected 37 from whom no recognized enteropathogens, except classic enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, were identified. For comparison, we also examined 37 matched-control infants without diarrhea seen at the same hospital setting. This paper had the purpose to determine the prevalence of localized, diffuse, and aggregative-adhering E. coli strains in both groups. Three to five fecal E. coli colonies, of each case and control, were tested individually for adherence to HeLa cells by using the one step 3-h incubation assay. Strains of E. coli showing localized adherence were found significantly more often in patients (37.8%) than in controls (13.5%), p < 0.02, and they were practically confined to EPEC serovars 055:H-, 0111:H2, and 119:H6. In contrast, E. coli isolates exhibiting the diffuse or aggregative patterns of adherence were restricted to non-EPEC serogroups and were more frequently encountered among controls.

Isolation of urease-positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus from diarrheal patients in northeast Brazil

De 21 linhagens de Vibrio parahaemolyticus, isoladas de fezes humanas, na costa Nordeste do Brasil, oito (38 por cento) foram urease positivas. A maioria dessas linhagens, em contraste com as ureases negativas, nao produziram a hemolisina responsavel pelo fenomeno Kanagawa.

Isolation of urease-positive Vibrio parahaemolyticus from diarrheal patients in northeast Brazil.

Of 21 human fecal strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, isolated on the Northeast Coast of Brazil, eight (38%) were urease positive. Most of these strains, in contrast to the urease-negative ones, did not produce the hemolysin responsible for the Kanagawa phenomenon.