Supplementation of the maternal diet with Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.) prevents cognitive impairment in the offspring of obese mothers.

Maternal obesity may trigger long-term neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. Considering the benefits of the Brazil nut (Bertholletia excelsa H.B.K.), a rich source of nutrients such as selenium, this study aimed to evaluate its effect on the behavior of obese rat offspring and its relationship with oxidative stress. From 60 days of age until weaning, female Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet (mHF) or an HF diet supplemented with 5% Brazil nut (mHF/BN), while control mothers (mCTL) were fed a standard diet or a standard diet supplemented with 5% Brazil nut (mBN). Male pups received a standard diet throughout life and, at 30 and 90 days old, were subjected to behavioral tasks to evaluate anxiety and cognition. Biochemical evaluations were performed at 90 days of age. No alterations were observed in the anxiety behavior of the offspring. However, the offspring of the mHF group (oHF) exhibited impaired short-term memory at 30 and 90 days of age and impaired long-term memory at 30 days. Short-term memory impairment was prevented by Brazil nuts in young rats (30 days). While the serum selenium concentration was reduced in the oHF group, the serum catalase concentration was reduced in all groups, without changes in lipid peroxidation or protein carbonylation. Brazil nut maternal diet supplementation prevented short- and long-term cognitive impairment in the offspring, which may be related to the selenium levels.

Estado nutricional de idosos hospitalizados por meio da Mini Avaliação Nutricional / Nutritional status of hospitalized elders through the Mini Nutritional Assessment / Estado nutricional de los ancianos hospitalizados a través de la Mini Evaluación Nutricional

Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional de idosos hospitalizados e sua relação com sexo, faixa etária e principal diagnóstico de admissão. Método: Foram avaliados 98 pacientes com idade>= 60 anos em hospital de urgências por meio da Mini Avaliação Nutricional. os dados foram expressos em frequências e médias (com desvio-padrão). Utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado e teste exato de Fisher com nível de significância p<0,05. A maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (68,4%) e a média de idade foi de 71,6 (+-8,5) anos. Resultados: As principais causas de internação foram as doenças cardiorrespiratórias (25,51%), doenças do aparelho digestivo (19,4%) e lesões de causas externas (17,3%). Na classificação do estado nutricional, 2/3(dois terços) da população apresentaram risco de desnutrição ou desnutrição sem diferença significativa entre os sexos (p=0,44). A faixa etária >= 80 anos apresentou maior porcentual de desnutridos, sendo a diferença significativa no sexo feminino (p=0,02). A principal causa de internação entre os nutridos foram as lesões e causas externas (30%) e entre os pacientes em risco de desnutrição e desnutridos foram as doenças do aparelho circulatório (35,29% e 20,59% respectivamente). Conclusão: Houve predomínio de idosos desnutridos ou em risco de desnutrição, independente do sexo; relação direta entre risco de desnutrição e faixa etária mais avançada para as mulheres; e predominância de comprometimento nutricional em doenças caracteristicamente de curso crônico.

Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of hospitalized elderly and their relationship to sex, age and principal diagnosis for admission. Methods: We studied 98 patients aged> = 60 years in hospital emergency rooms through the Mini Nutritional Assessment. data were expressed as frequencies and means (with standard deviation). We used the chi-square and Fisher exact test with significance level p <0.05. Most patients were male (68.4%) and mean age was 71.6 (+ -8.5) years. Results: The main causes of hospitalization were cardiorespiratory diseases (25.51%), digestive diseases (19.4%) and external causes of injuries (17.3%). In the classification of nutritional status, 2 / 3 (two thirds) of the population were at risk of malnutrition or starvation without significant difference between sexes (p = 0.44). The age group> = 80 years had a higher percentage of malnourished children, the difference being significant in females (p = 0.02). The main cause of hospitalization among the lesions were nourished and external causes (30%) and among patients at risk of malnutrition and malnutrition were the diseases of the circulatory system (35.29% and 20.59% respectively). Conclusion: There was a predominance of elderly malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, regardless of sex; direct relationship between risk of malnutrition and a more advanced age for women, and predominantly in the nutritional diseases characteristically chronic course.

Objetivo: Evaluar el estado nutricional de los ancianos hospitalizados y su relación con el sexo, la edad y el diagnóstico principal de ingreso. Métodos: Se estudiaron 98 pacientes> = 60 años de edad en salas de emergencia a través del test Mini Nutritional Assessment. datos se expresaron como frecuencias y los medios (con una desviación estándar). Se utilizó la chi-cuadrado y prueba exacta de Fisher con un nivel de significancia p <0,05. La mayoría de los pacientes eran del sexo masculino (68,4%) y la edad media fue de 71,6 (+ -8.5) años. Resultados: Las principales causas de hospitalización fueron las enfermedades cardiorrespiratorias (25,51%), las enfermedades digestivas (19,4%) y causas externas de lesiones (17,3%). En la clasificación del estado nutricional, 2 / 3 (dos tercios) de la población están en riesgo de desnutrición o inanición, sin diferencias significativas entre sexo (p = 0,44). El grupo de edad> = 80 años tuvieron un mayor porcentaje de niños desnutridos, siendo la diferencia significativa en las mujeres (p = 0,02). La principal causa de hospitalización entre las lesiones eran alimentados y las causas externas (30%) y entre los pacientes con riesgo de desnutrición y la malnutrición fueron las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio (35,29% y 20,59% respectivamente). Conclusión: Hubo un predominio de ancianos desnutridos o en riesgo de malnutrición, con independencia del sexo, la relación directa entre el riesgo de malnutrición y una edad más avanzada para las mujeres, y sobre todo en el curso de las enfermedades nutricionales crónicas característico.