[Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor. Case report]. / Tumor miofibroblástico inflamatorio vesical. Aportación de un nuevo caso.

OBJECTIVE: To report one case of myofibroblastic bladder tumor. METHODS/RESULTS: We report the case of a 30-year-old woman with recurrent urinary tract infections and incidental finding of a bladder mass after abdominal ultrasound. After TUR, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the bladder was diagnosed. CONCLUSION: Myofibroblastic tumor (also known as inflammatory pseudotumor or pseudosarcoma) is a benign tumor with mesenchymal origin. Bladder location is very uncommon. It must not be misdiagnosed as a malignant neoplasm. Optimal treatment when arising in the bladder is TUR, with excellent long-term prognosis.

[Secondary bilateral testicular plasmacytoma. Case report and review of the literature]. / Plasmocitoma testicular bilateral secundario. Aportación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

Testicular plasmacytoma is a very unfrequent plasma cells neoplasm. It is usually an incidental autopsy finding devoid of clinical expression, but it presents sometimes as part of a multiple myeloma and is exceptionally its only location. Bilateral involvement is extremely unfrequent. We report the case of a 58-years-old man diagnosed with multiple myeloma in complete remission who complains about progressive enlargement of both testicles. After ultrasonography and PAAF, bilateral testicular plasmacytoma is diagnosed. Treatment includes surgery (orchiectomy), radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Prognostic is worse when multiple myeloma is associated.

[Solitary malignant fibrous inguinal tumor. Case report]. / Tumor fibroso solitario inguinal maligno. Aportación de un caso.

OBJECTIVE: Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) are rare neoplasias that were first reported in pleura, but can occur in different sites. Inguinal location is extremely rare. METHODS/RESULTS: We report one case of a 74 year old man with a right inguinoscrotal mass with 50 years of evolution. After surgical extirpation, solitary fibrous tumour was diagnosed. CONCLUSIONS: The vast majority of solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) have a benign course. Only a few cases have aggressive behaviour, with local recurrence and metastasis. Treatment is surgical, but we must do a long-term follow up in all cases.

[Urogenital tuberculosis. Starting with haematuria and a bladder mass]. / Forma de presentación seudotumoral de tuberculosis urogenital: caso clínico.

We describe here in a case of genitourinary tuberculosis presenting with a haematuria and a bladder tubercle. Though imaging studies made genitourinary tuberculosis diagnostic feasible, the clinical presentation made runing out malignancy mandatory. Bladder tubercle was endoscopicary removed and histopathological analysis performed.

[Localized amyloidosis of the seminal vesicles]. / Amiloidosis localizada de vesículas seminales.

Amyloidosis of the seminal vesicles is a common finding in autopsies, with increased incidence in older population. It is usually asymptomatic. We report a case of symptomatic localized amyloidosis of the seminal vesicles, with hemospermia and suprapubic pain. Diagnosis was achieved through ultrasound-guided transrectal biopsy. Systemic amyloidosis must be ruled out through proper evaluation. Seminal vesicle enlargement secondary to amyloid deposit may be misdiagnosed as carcinomatous invasion.

[Bilateral obstructive uropathy secondary to inguinoscrotal bladder hernia]. / Uropatía obstructiva bilateral secundaria a hernia vesical inguinoescrotal.

Bladder hernia is present in an important number of cases of inguinal hernias. Massive inguinoscrotal bladder hernias are rarer. The association of massive bladder hernia and bilateral ureterohydronephrosis is not often found. According to our knowledge, there have been only seven cases documented in the last ten years. Therefore, we will present a case of renal failure secondary to inguinoscrotal bladder hernia with bilateral obstructive uropathy. Once we have analyzed a clinical case, we will give the diagnosis and treatment for those hernias.

[Early diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients with prostate symptoms by DRE, PSA, TRU and DPSA]. / Diagnóstico precoz del cáncer de próstata en pacientes con sintomatología prostática mediante TR, PSA, ECOTR y DPSA.

Presentation of our experience in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients with signs and symptoms of prostatism. Over a one year period (96-97), 316 patients underwent biopsy based on clearly defined criteria according to the diagnostic algorithm used in our centre: suspicious DRE and/or PSA > or = 10 ng/mL, and in patients with PSA between 4 and 10 ng/mL in the presence of suspicious TRU or when DPSA was > or = 0.15. The ratio of the 136 (43%) prostate cancer diagnosed relative to biopsy +/- was 1:1.32. It is concluded that early diagnosis in a selected population is useful and shows good diagnostic yield. The diagnostic algorithm used is more than acceptable with 43% positive biopsies and a good ratio between biopsy +/-. With a cutoff of 0.15 DPSA is a good method to improve PSA significance in patients in the difficult PSA range of 4 to 10 ng/mL.

[Left supraclavicular adenopathy with a neuroendocrine pattern of unknown cause: prostatic carcinoma metastasis]. / Adenopatía supraclavicular izquierda con patrón neuroendocrino de causa desconocida: metástasis por carcinoma de próstata.

Contribution of a case report of a male patient presenting with single left supraclavicular adenopathy of initially unknown origin and histologic pattern of neuroendocrine nature, finally traced to the prostate. It is believed that in any male over 45 diagnosed with carcinoma of unknown origin in the supradiaphragm lymph nodes, prostate carcinoma metastasis should also be ruled out using PSA immunostaining and by measuring serum PSA, serum alkaline phosphatase and DRE.

[Bladder tumor in pregnancy]. / Tumor vesical durante el embarazo.

Diagnosis of tumours during pregnancy is quite unusual, considering the low frequency of neoplasias in this period (1/1000 pregnancies) as well as the low incidence of bladder cancer in patients under 30, which makes the coincidence of both phenomena quite uncommon. The paper contributes the case of a 28-year old female diagnosed with bladder cancer during her pregnancy.

[Report of a new case of small-cell carcinoma of the bladder and review of the literature]. / Aportación de un nuevo caso de carcinoma de células pequeñas de localización vesical y revisión de la literatura.

We report a case of small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in 71-year-old male patient. Oat cell of the urinary bladder is extremely uncommon, and up to date only 135 cases have been reported in word literature. Histologic, microscopic, and immunohistochemical characteristics are similar to oat cell carcinoma of the lung and other extrapulmonary oat cell carcinomas. We conclude this report with immunohistochemical study with PGP 9.5, neuron-specific enolase a synaptophisine.

[Four new cases of urothelial inverted papilloma]. / Cuatro nuevos casos de papiloma invertido urotelial.

Urothelial inverted papilloma account for 2.2% of all urothelial tumours. The preferred location is the bladder; they occur singly and are generally benign, although the majority of authors agrees in treating this entity as a tumour of low aggressiveness. The report contributes four cases of inverted papilloma, three in male patients and the fourth in a female. One was located in the renal pelvis. A revision is made of the etiology, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnosis and treatment, as well as their relationship to surface carcinoma, as it occurs asynchronously in one of the cases described.

[Calmette-Guerin bacillus in the prophylaxis of superficial bladder tumors. Our experience and our doubts]. / Bacilo de Calmette-Guerin en la profilaxis de los tumores superficiales de vejiga. Nuestra experiencia y nuestras dudas.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the efficacy of our BCG dose and schedule for prophylactic therapy in superficial bladder tumors. METHODS: Following complete TUR, 81 mg intravesical BCG were administered weekly for six weeks and for nightly another six times. The patients were evaluated every three months by cytology, cystoscopy and routine analysis. RESULTS: 21/25 patients completed the treatment. At 15.5 months median follow-up, 18/21 (85.7%) were disease-free, 2/21 (9.5%) had recurrence and 1/21 (4.7%) showed disease progression. CONCLUSIONS: BCG is the most effective prophylactic therapy for superficial bladder tumors currently available. The ideal dose, treatment schedule and its mechanism of action are as yet unknown.

[Role of autotransfusion of pre-stored blood in benign prostate hyperplasia. Our experience]. / Papel de la autotransfusión predepósito en la cirugía de la H.B.P. Nuestra experiencia.

The essence of self-transfusion is the extraction of a patient's own blood for subsequent infusion to the same patient. The practice of this strategy has become particularly important from the moment the likelihood of AIDS virus transmission through transfusion with homologous blood products became known. This article presents our experience in both open and endoscopic BPH surgery over the period ranging from January 93 to December 94, and analyzes the health care and socioeconomic aspects of that experience.

[Immunoprophylaxis of superficial tumors of the bladder with interferon alfa-2b. Our experience]. / Inmunoprofilaxis de los tumores superficiales de vejiga con interferon alfa 2b. Nuestra experiencia.

OBJECTIVE: The present study was conducted to determine the usefulness of prophylactic therapy with alpha 2b interferon for superficial bladder tumors. METHOD: Following complete TUR, alpha 2b infereron was administered to 36 patients at a dose of 50 million IU weekly for 3 months and monthly for 9 months. Patients were evaluated every 3 months on the basis of their clinical and analytical data and the cystoscopic findings. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients completed treatment and were evaluable. The follow up and disease-free period was 25.70 months. Recurrence was observed in 38.4% of the patients and tumor progression in 3.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Alpha 2b interferon is useful in the prevention of tumor recurrence. Its utility is similar to that of other drugs currently used.

[The role of vascular radiology in the diagnosis of "suspicious" images of the upper urinary tract]. / Papel de la radiología vascular en el diagnóstico de las imágenes "sospechosas" del tracto urinario superior.

Accurate diagnosis of "suspect" lesions from the Upper Urinary Tract (U.U.T.) is of major significance for implementing an appropriate treatment. There are many diseases and situations which may condition the occurrence of a suspect image, i.e., of a repletion defect of the U.U.T., in the U.I.V., the vascular imprints being just one of them. This paper contributes two cases where the suspect lesion was due to this cause and vascular radiology was decisive to reach a diagnosis.

[The ovarian vein syndrome. Its treatment by percutaneous embolization and a review of the same]. / Síndrome de la vena ovárica. Tratamiento por emoblización percutánea y revisión del mismo.

Since Clark first described the ovarian vein syndrome in 1964, there has been much controversy over its existence. We report two cases of ovarian vein syndrome whose presenting feature was lumbar pain. Following treatment by percutaneous coil embolization of the corresponding ovarian vein, the symptoms rapidly improved and the patients are asymptomatic at 8 and 21 months follow up. We underscore the importance of symptomatic relief over the radiologic findings. The most important aspects and controversies of this syndrome are briefly reviewed.

[Endometrial carcinoma of the prostate. Report of a case]. / Carcinoma endometroide de próstata. A propósito de un caso.

Endometrial Carcinoma is an uncommon intraductal prostatic tumour, the origin (either from prostatic epithelium or Müellerian) and management (traditional hormonal therapy vs. progestagens) of which has been the subject of vigorous debate. Currently and with the help of the immunohistochemical techniques its origin has finally been confirmed as being prostatic, thus justifying the use of the traditional hormonal therapy applied in prostate acinous carcinoma. The paper contributes one case of Endometrial Carcinoma confirmed by immunohistochemical techniques, as well as a review of the main landmarks in the study of these tumours.

[Prophylaxis in prostatic surgery with aztreonam. Our experience]. / Profilaxis en cirugía prostática con Aztreonam. Nuestra experiencia.

Aztreonam is a monobactam antibiotic with a very specific spectrum of action for gram-negative aerobic bacteria. Since these bacteria are responsible for most of the urinary tract infections, we conducted a study to determine its efficacy in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections in prostate surgery, one of the most common procedures performed in our field. Thirty-two patients received 1 gm Aztreonam at the time of anesthetic induction and q 8 h thereafter to a total dose of 3 gm. Cultures were performed before and 72 h after surgery. Twenty-eight patients had no complications and a sterile urine culture or less than 10,000 colonies, 2 developed wound infection from Staph, aureus and 1 had more than 100,000 colonies of Enterococci in urine. The foregoing findings indicate that Aztreonam is useful for prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections in prostate surgery.

[Renal oncocytoma. Presentation of a case and review of the literature]. / Oncocitoma renal. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

Renal oncocytoma is an uncommon, generally benign tumor of the renal parenchyma arising from tubular cells with typical gross, microscopic and ultrastructural features. We report another case of renal oncocytoma that had been treated conservatively on the basis of the pre- and intraoperative findings. The present case provides further insight into the biological behaviour of this tumor type. Its origin, pathological features, diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties, and prognosis are discussed.