Clinical epidemiological analysis of 173 supernumerary molars.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of supernumerary molars in a sector of the population of Madrid, as well as the possible complications associated with the presence of hypergenetic molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out, which included a data assessment of all patients (13557) seeking dental care at a hospital's department of oral surgery across 4 years. The proposed methodology consisted of preparing a medical record in order to obtain data on the medical record number, age and sex of the patient, radiological findings such as location and type of supernumerary molar, retained/erupted molar, related accidents and tooth morphology. RESULTS: Supernumerary molars were found to be present in 130 patients, representing a prevalence of 0.96% of the total population studied. These patients had a total of 173 hypergenetic molars, consisting of 137 distomolars and 36 paramolars Mechanical-obstructive pathology was associated with 28.9%, whereas enlargement of the follicular sack bigger than 3 mm was present in 16.2% of the sample. CONCLUSION: Supernumerary molars are usually diagnosed as a coincidental radiological finding without any associated pathology. However a higher percentage of comorbidity was found than initially expected.

Pre-operative measurement of the volume of bone graft in sinus lifts using CompuDent.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to calculate the volume of graft necessary for rehabilitation using varying lengths of implants, and to evaluate the usefulness of the planning dental software in determining the pre-operative volume of bone graft in maxillary sinus floor lifts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using the CompuDent program, we calculated the volume of graft necessary for 62 sinus lifts. This volume was measured to raise the floor of each sinus to 13.4 and 15 mm in height. RESULTS: The average volume of graft to achieve a lift of 13.4 mm was 2.61 ± 0.69 cm³ for the right maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.38-4.1 cm³, and 2.68 ± 0.81 cm³ for the left maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.1-4.25 cm³. The average volume of graft to achieve a lift of 15 mm was 3.13 ± 0.75 cm³ for the right maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.59-4.81 cm³, and 3.29 ± 1.02 cm³ for the left maxillary sinus, with the range of 1.48-5.11 cm³. The statistical results showed a significant inversely proportional correlation between the average of the heights and the volume of graft in the right sinus. CONCLUSIONS: The planning dental software is an effective tool in determining the volume of bone graft given the tool's simplicity, rapidness and possibility of standardization in all pre-surgical procedures.

Epidemiology and treatment of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the minor salivary glands: a meta-analytic study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the epidemiological aspects of adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and to evaluate the different therapeutic possibilities as well as the percentage of survival. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective, meta-analytic, observational study was carried out by selecting a total of 13 articles, which provided a sample size of 263 cases of patients who had been diagnosed with ACC in the minor salivary glands. RESULTS: ACC was found to be more common among women (56.5%) and the average age at diagnosis was 55.26 years old. The primary location of the tumor was in the palate in 57% of the cases, the predominant pattern being cribiform. The treatment of choice was therapy combined with surgery and radiotherapy in 62.7% of the subjects. The overall survival rate was 70.76% and 56.76%, at 5 and 10 years respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Early detection of adenoid cystic carcinoma is necessary in order to enable making an earlier prognosis and thus enable a better quality of life for the patient.

A clinical epidemiologic analysis of a sample of 73 supernumerary premolars.

BACKGROUND: The authors conducted a retrospective study to determine the prevalence of supernumerary premolars in sample of patients from Madrid, as well as the possible complications associated with the presence of such supernumerary premolars. METHODS: The study included a data assessment of all patients seeking dental care at a hospital's department of oral surgery across four years. The authors studied data from patients who had supernumerary premolars. RESULTS: The authors identified supernumerary premolars in the records of 43 patients (0.32 percent) of the total population studied. These patients had 73 hyperdontic premolars (65 mandibular premolars [89 percent] and eight maxillary premolars [11 percent]). CONCLUSIONS: Supernumerary premolars usually are diagnosed as a coincidental radiographic finding without an associated pathology. However, the authors found a higher percentage of comorbidity than they initially expected. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Mechanical or obstructive pathology was associated with 2.7 percent of the premolars, and enlargement of the follicular sac of more than 3 millimeters was present in 26.0 percent of the sample.

Odontostomatological therapeutic possibilities in patients with sleep apnea.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the different therapeutic possibilities for treating Sleep Apnea/ Hypoapnea Syndrome (SAHS), as well as the effectiveness of such treatments, and to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical aspects of this syndrome. STUDY DESIGN: We carried out a meta-analytical, observational and retrospective study by selecting a total of 13 articles, which provided a sample size of 642 diagnosed cases of SAHS. RESULTS: SAHS was more prevalent among males (88.7%) and the average age of diagnosis was 49.75 years old. In the majority of cases, these patients were found to be overweight, with an average body mass index of 28.32 Kg/m(2). The average apnea / hypoapnea index was 31.64 apneas / hypoapneas per hour, which is therefore considered to be a moderate type of SAHS. The therapeutic approach involved intraoral mandibular advancement devices in 77.96% of the cases, followed by 16% of the patients who were treated with continuous positive airway pressure devices during sleep (CPAP), and lastly, 7% underwent surgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: SAHS is a complex clinical condition that requires a multidisciplinary team in order to diagnose and treat it. There are several therapeutic possibilities available to professionals, which have obtained highly satisfactory results.

Meta-analysis of the etiology of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis.

OBJECTIVE: To identify and evaluate the frequency of the different odontogenic conditions that may lead to maxillary sinusitis. STUDY DESIGN: An observational and retrospective meta-analysis was carried out on 770 cases of maxillary sinusitis obtained from a literature review of 15 articles. RESULTS: Maxillary sinusitis most commonly manifests itself as chronic maxillary sinusitis. It is more common in females and is most often diagnosed in the fifth decade of life. The teeth most predominantly affected are the molars, with the first molar tooth being the most frequently involved. The principal etiological factor is extraction.

Pre-operative evaluation of the volume of bone graft in sinus lifts by means of CompuDent.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of the CompuDent program in determining the pre-operative volume of bone graft in maxillary sinus floor lifts, and to calculate the volume of graft necessary for rehabilitation using varying lengths of implants. STUDY DESIGN: Based on the CompuDent program, we calculated the volume of graft necessary for 47 sinus lifts. This volume was measured in order to raise the floor of each sinus to 13.4 and 15 mm in height. RESULTS: The average volume of graft in order to achieve a lift of 13'4 mm was 2.42 cm(3) for the right maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.4 cm(3) to 4.1 cm(3), and 2.50 cm(3) for the left maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.04 cm(3) to 3.79 cm(3). The average volume of graft in order to achieve a lift of 15 mm was 3.01 cm(3) for the right maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.78 cm(3) to 4.59 cm(3), and 3.09 cm(3) for the left maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.42 cm(3) to 4.49 cm(3). The statistical results provided by the Pearson Correlation show a significant inversely proportional correlation between the average of the heights and the volume of graft in the sinus. In addition, there is a clear correlation between the average volumes to be grafted for the respective heights 13.4 mm and 15 mm. CONCLUSIONS: The CompuDent program is an effective tool in determining the volume of bone graft given its simplicity, rapidness and possibility of standardization in all pre-surgical procedures.

Panoramic and tomographic implant studies: role in the diagnosis of sinus disorders.

OBJECTIVE: To study the presence of sinus disorders and their diagnosis based on clinical and radiographic findings, correlating their presence with tomography tests and panoramic radiography. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective study on 152 patients who were seeking implant treatment, thereby allowing us to evaluate 42 patients who had abnormal sinuses. The patients underwent an evaluation of their medical history as well a clinical examination, panoramic radiography and tomographic study. RESULTS: The average age of the patient was 59.8 years old, and 54.76% of the group were males and 45.23% were females. Prior respiratory disorders were present in 52.38% of the patients, and 57.3% of the group presented dental disorders. In assessing the type of wound, we observed that 73.21% were mucosal hyperplasia and 26.78% were mucous cysts. Of the 56 sinuses affected, only 28.57% were diagnosed using panoramic radiography. CONCLUSIONS: Panoramic radiography has limitations in the diagnosis of sinus disorders; computerized tomography (CT) remains the most effective diagnostic test.