RESUMO
We identified (5'S)-10'-fluoro-6'-methyl-5',6'-dihydro-3'H-spiro[cyclopropane-1,4'-[2,6]diaza[2,5]methano[2,6]benzodiazonin]-7'(1'H)-one, 22b (DS34942424) with a unique and original bicyclic skeleton. 22b showed an orally potent analgesic in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin test in ddY mice without sedation. Moreover, 22b did not exhibit mu opioid receptor agonist activity.
Assuntos
Analgésicos Opioides/química , Receptores Opioides mu/agonistas , Compostos de Espiro/química , Administração Oral , Analgésicos Opioides/metabolismo , Analgésicos Opioides/farmacologia , Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Animais , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Masculino , Camundongos , Microssomos Hepáticos/metabolismo , Dor/induzido quimicamente , Dor/tratamento farmacológico , Dor/patologia , Receptores Opioides mu/metabolismo , Compostos de Espiro/metabolismo , Compostos de Espiro/farmacologia , Compostos de Espiro/uso terapêutico , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
We synthesized derivatives of a natural alkaloid, conolidine, and evaluated these derivatives in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin test in ddY mice after oral administration. As a result, we identified (5S)-6-methyl-1,3,4,5,6,8-hexahydro-7H-2,5-methano[1,5]diazonino[7,8-b]indol-7-one sulfate salt, 15a (DS54360155), with a unique and original bicyclic skeleton, as an analgesic more potent than conolidine. Moreover, 15a did not exhibit mu-opioid receptor agonist activity.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/uso terapêutico , Receptores Opioides mu/agonistas , Analgésicos/farmacologia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , CamundongosRESUMO
We discovered a novel compound, 5-methyl-1,4,5,7-tetrahydro-2,5-ethanoazocino[4,3-b]indol-6(3H)-one sulfuric acid salt (DS39201083), which was formed by derivatization of a natural product, conolidine. DS39201083 had a unique bicyclic skeleton and was a more potent analgesic than conolidine, as revealed in the acetic acid-induced writhing test and formalin test in ddY mice. The compound showed no agonist activity at the mu opioid receptor.
Assuntos
Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Alcaloides Indólicos/uso terapêutico , Receptores Opioides mu/uso terapêutico , Analgésicos Opioides/farmacologia , Animais , Alcaloides Indólicos/farmacologia , Camundongos , Receptores Opioides mu/agonistasRESUMO
A 72-year-old woman visited our hospital for a routine health examination and underwent abdominal ultrasonography, which revealed an intra-abdominal tumor. Abdominal computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a well-defined solid mass of ~3 cm in diameter lying adjacent to the stomach. The mass was preoperatively diagnosed as gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach. At laparotomy, a well-encapsulated tumor was found in the lesser omentum. It was slightly adherent to the stomach wall but was removed without difficulty. Therefore, only enucleation of the tumor was performed. The excised tumor, which was 35 × 30 × 25 mm3 in size, had a white cut surface without necrosis or hemorrhage. According to the pathological findings, the tumor was classified as a very low-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumor originating in the lesser omentum. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the lesser omentum is very rare, and surgical resection is the only effective treatment modality.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The rate of gastric cancer (GC) after Helicobacter pylori eradication has gradually increased; therefore, we investigate the clinicopathological features of GC following eradication in comparison with those of GC with H. pylori infection. METHODS: This study included 50 subjects with GC after eradication (GCE) and 151 patients with GC with H. pylori infection (GCI). Clinicopathological factors were assessed. The manifestation of GC was further evaluated using immunohistochemical analysis and in situ hybridization. RESULTS: Macroscopic analysis revealed a significantly higher ratio of depressed type /elevated type in the GCE compared with the GCI (30/19 vs. 61/77, p = 0.041). The gastric phenotype was more common in the GCE compared with the GCI, and the proportion of CDX2-positive cases was lower in the GCE (8 out of 18; 44.4%) compared with the GCI (18 out of 19; 94.7%; p = 0.00082). Ki-67 labeling index was significantly lower in the GCE (32.03 ± 22.15) compared with the GCI (79.20 ± 14.87, p < 0.0001). No patient in the GCE showed evidence of Epstein-Barr virus infection. CONCLUSION: The clinicopathological characteristics of GC following H. pylori eradication differ from those of GC in patients with H. pylori infection in terms of morphology, mucin phenotype, and proliferation rate.
Assuntos
Infecções por Helicobacter/diagnóstico por imagem , Helicobacter pylori/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagem , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fator de Transcrição CDX2/metabolismo , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/diagnóstico , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/virologia , Feminino , Gastroscopia , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Helicobacter/microbiologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/patologia , Herpesvirus Humano 4/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Hibridização In Situ , Antígeno Ki-67/análise , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estômago/diagnóstico por imagem , Estômago/microbiologia , Estômago/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologiaRESUMO
Novel compounds based on the lead BRS-3 agonists from our HTS compounds 2a and 2b have been synthesized with the focus on obtaining peripheral BRS-3 agonists. To identify potent anti-obesity compounds without adverse effects on the central nerve system, a labile carboxylic ester with an antedrug functionality was introduced onto the terminal position. Through the extensive synthetic exploration and the pharmacokinetic studies of oral administration in mice, the phenol ester 17c was selected due to the most suitable pharmacological profile. In the evaluation of food intake suppression in B6 mice, 17c showed significant in vivo efficacy and no clear adverse effect on heart rate and blood pressure change in dog iv infusion. Our study paved the way for development of anti-diabetes and obesity drugs with a safer profile.
Assuntos
Fármacos Antiobesidade/química , Fármacos Antiobesidade/farmacologia , Azepinas/química , Azepinas/farmacologia , Receptores da Bombesina/agonistas , Animais , Fármacos Antiobesidade/síntese química , Fármacos Antiobesidade/farmacocinética , Azepinas/síntese química , Azepinas/farmacocinética , Cães , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Humanos , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , Conformação Molecular , Obesidade/tratamento farmacológico , Obesidade/metabolismo , Ratos , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The discovery and optimization of a novel series of BRS-3 agonists are described. We explored a potent BRS-3 agonist with low brain penetration to avoid an adverse effect derived from central nervous system exposure. Through the derivatization process, chiral diazepines 9f and 9g were identified as possessing low brain penetration as well as potent in vitro activity against human and mouse BRS-3s.
Assuntos
Azepinas/síntese química , Barreira Hematoencefálica , Receptores da Bombesina/agonistas , Animais , Azepinas/metabolismo , Azepinas/farmacologia , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Camundongos , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Distal gastrectomy with jejunal interposition (DGJI) has been used in our institution for selected patients with gastric cancer as a function-preserving gastrectomy. The aim of this retrospective study was to clarify the feasibility and functional efficacy of DGJI. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed in 61 patients who underwent DGJI between 2002 and 2011. RESULTS: Mean operation time was 393.8 min and blood loss was 463.3 ml. Postoperative early major complications developed in 2 (3.3%) patients. The most common complication was gastric stasis, occurring in 7 (11.5%) patients. All patients with complications recovered with conservative treatment, and no operative mortality occurred. Endoscopy 1 year after operation revealed reflux gastritis in 1 patient. Reflux esophagitis was not found in any patient. However, anastomotic ulcer was found in 12 (22.2%) patients over the 1-year period after operation. No patient reported symptoms of early and late dumping syndrome, and 1 (1.9%) patient self-reported diarrhea. CONCLUSIONS: DGJI was a feasible and safe procedure with several advantages in terms of less incidence of reflux gastritis and esophagitis, dumping syndrome and diarrhea. However, this procedure is complicated and time-consuming, and it is necessary to be aware of the potential occurrence of an anastomotic ulcer at the site of the gastrojejunostomy after DGJI.
Assuntos
Gastrectomia/métodos , Jejuno/cirurgia , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Gastrectomia/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/efeitos adversos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Although Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication has been shown to inhibit gastric cancer, it does not completely suppress it. Therefore, risk factors of gastric cancer development following H. pylori eradication were examined. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 2355 patients (1501 males and 824 females) underwent successful eradication of H. pylori. Endoscopic atrophy, histological gastritis, atrophy, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and operative link for gastritis assessment (OLGA) staging were subsequently evaluated. RESULTS: Following eradication, 33/2355 patients (25 males and 8 females) developed gastric cancer. Compared to a nongastric cancer group that was matched according to gender and age, the incidence of endoscopic atrophy (3.52 ± 1.45 vs. 4.85 ± 1.18, p < 0.001), histological atrophy at the greater curvature of the antrum (1.42 ± 0.80 vs. 1.95 ± 0.86, p = 0.0059), inflammation (2.05 ± 0.59 vs. 2.33 ± 0.66, p = 0.031), IM at the greater curvature of the corpus (0.06 ± 0.30 vs. 0.24 ± 0.54, p = 0.029), the ratio of OLGA-stage 0-II/III, IV (13/8 vs. 55/11, p = 0.038) were significantly higher for the gastric cancer group. Multivariate analysis also showed the highest odds ratio (6.26, 95% confidence interval or CI, 1.28-30.60, p = 0.023) for IM at the greater curvature of the corpus. CONCLUSIONS: Severe endoscopical atrophy, OLGA staging, histological atrophy at the antrum, inflammation, and particularly IM at the corpus, were identified as risk factors for gastric cancer development following H. pylori eradication. Therefore, eradication should be performed before these predictors develop.
Assuntos
Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/patologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/terapia , Helicobacter pylori , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Idoso , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Atrofia/microbiologia , Atrofia/patologia , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Mucosa Gástrica/microbiologia , Gastrite/microbiologia , Gastrite/patologia , Gastrite/terapia , Gastroscopia , Humanos , Masculino , Metaplasia/microbiologia , Metaplasia/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/uso terapêutico , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast, urinary bladder, ovary, and colon has been reported. However, few reports have described IMPC of the stomach. In addition, IMPC has been described as a histological indicator for lymphatic invasion and nodal metastasis, resulting in poor prognosis. We report a case of 5-year survival after surgery for IPMC of the stomach. A 69-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with symptoms of upper abdominal pain. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a tumor at the antrum of the stomach. Histological examination of the biopsy specimen indicated poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent distal gastrectomy with lymph node dissection. Microscopic examination of the specimen revealed that the tumor consisted of an invasive micropapillary component. Carcinoma cell clusters were floating in the clear spaces. The patient recovered uneventfully and remains alive without recurrence 5 years after surgery.
RESUMO
Selective peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) modulators are expected to be a novel class of drugs improving plasma glucose levels without PPARγ-related adverse effects. As a continuation of our studies for (-)-Cercosporamide derivatives as selective PPARγ modulators, we synthesized substituted naphthalene type compounds and identified the most potent compound 15 (EC(50) = 0.94 nM, E(max) = 38%). Compound 15 selectively activated PPARγ transcription and did not activate PPARα and PPARδ. The potassium salt of compound 15 showed a high solubility and a good oral bioavailability (58%). Oral administration of the potassium salt remarkably improved the plasma glucose levels of female Zucker diabetic fatty rats at 1 mg/kg. Moreover, it did not cause a plasma volume increase or a cardiac enlargement in Wistar-Imamichi rats, even at 100 mg/kg.
Assuntos
Benzofuranos/síntese química , Benzofuranos/farmacologia , Hipoglicemiantes/síntese química , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , PPAR gama/agonistas , Animais , Benzofuranos/farmacocinética , Benzofuranos/uso terapêutico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Técnicas de Química Sintética , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Genes Reporter/genética , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacocinética , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Modelos Moleculares , PPAR gama/química , PPAR gama/genética , PPAR gama/metabolismo , Conformação Proteica , RatosRESUMO
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a potential drug target for treating type 2 diabetes. The selective PPARγ modulators (SPPARMs), which partially activate the PPARγ transcriptional activity, are considered to improve the plasma glucose level with attenuated PPARγ related adverse effects. However, the relationships between desired pharmacological profiles and ligand specific PPARγ transcriptional profiles have been unclear. And there is also little knowledge of how to control ligand specific PPARγ transcriptional profiles. Herein, we present synthesis of novel derivatives containing substituent at naphthalene C3 position of compound 1. The novel derivatives showed various maximal efficacies as PPARγ partial agonist.
Assuntos
Benzofuranos/química , Modelos Moleculares , Naftalenos/química , PPAR gama/agonistas , Benzofuranos/síntese química , Benzofuranos/farmacologia , Cristalografia por Raios X , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/síntese química , Hipoglicemiantes/química , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Estrutura MolecularRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy alone cannot heal gastric ulcers in Japanese patients. Irsogladine has previously been shown to accelerate the healing of gastric ulcers after H. pylori eradication therapy. And we previously reported that histamine H(2) receptor antagonists inhibit gastric ulcer relapse after H. pylori eradication therapy. We therefore compared the efficacy of irsogladine with famotidine as appropriate treatments for ulcers after eradication therapy. METHODS: Gastric ulcer patients with H. pylori infection (n = 119) were randomized to treatment with irsogladine 4 mg/day (n = 60) or famotidine 40 mg/day (n = 59) following 1-week H. pylori eradication therapy. After treatment, assessments of gastric ulcer healing were performed. RESULTS: The ulcer healing rates in patients receiving irsogladine and famotidine were 85.2% (46/54) and 79.6% (43/54), respectively, and were not significantly different (p = 0.4484). In the famotidine group, the healing rate was significantly lower in patients who drink alcohol than in those who do not (60.0% vs. 91.2%; p = 0.0119). However, in the irsogladine group the healing rate did not differ between patients who drink alcohol and those who do not. Furthermore, the healing rate in smokers was significantly higher in the irsogladine group (88.0%) than in the famotidine group (59.1%) (p = 0.0233). CONCLUSIONS: Irsogladine and famotidine are both acceptable in treatment after H. pylori eradication therapy in gastric ulcer patients. Findings also suggest that irsogladine is more beneficial than famotidine in patients who drink alcohol and smoke.
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/uso terapêutico , Famotidina/uso terapêutico , Helicobacter pylori , Antagonistas dos Receptores H2 da Histamina/uso terapêutico , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Triazinas/uso terapêutico , Idoso , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Antiulcerosos/administração & dosagem , Esquema de Medicação , Famotidina/administração & dosagem , Feminino , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Antagonistas dos Receptores H2 da Histamina/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fumar , Úlcera Gástrica/microbiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Triazinas/administração & dosagemRESUMO
In an investigation of (-)-Cercosporamide derivatives with a plasma glucose-lowering effect, we found that N-benzylcarboxamide derivative 4 was a partial agonist of PPARgamma. A SAR study of the substituents on carboxamide nitrogen afforded the N-(1-naphthyl)methylcarboxamide derivative 23 as the most potent selective PPARgamma modulator. An X-ray crystallography study revealed that compound 23 bounded to the PPARgamma ligand binding domain in a unique way without any interaction with helix12. Compound 23 displayed a potent plasma glucose-lowering effect in db/db mice without the undesirable increase in body fluid and heart weight that is typically observed when PPARgamma full agonists are administrated.
Assuntos
Benzofuranos/uso terapêutico , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamento farmacológico , Glucose/metabolismo , Hiperglicemia/tratamento farmacológico , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , PPAR gama/agonistas , Animais , Benzofuranos/química , Benzofuranos/farmacologia , Cristalografia por Raios X , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/química , Hipoglicemiantes/farmacologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , PPAR gama/química , PPAR gama/metabolismoRESUMO
Multiple tracheal diverticula are rare. We report a case of a 62-year-old man who had multiple tracheal diverticula that were detected using multidetector-row computed tomography. Axial computed tomography images showed multiple air collections contiguous to the trachea. The multiple air collections were visible as outpouchings of the parts of the trachea between the cartilages, being located almost symmetrically on both lateral sides of the tracheal wall as seen on coronal multiplanar reconstruction images. Virtual bronchoscopy confirmed the presence of multiple openings in the tracheal wall of the diverticular necks. The alteration of the airway was better seen using volume-rendered reconstruction. Thin-slice multidetector-row computed tomography and advanced imaging techniques may increase the frequency of identification of multiple tracheal diverticula.
RESUMO
We report herein the case of a giant lipoma of the greater omentum that was treated by laparoscopic surgery. A 71-year-old male patient was admitted with a diagnosis of sigmoid colon cancer. During preoperative examination, a gallbladder stone and an intra-abdominal giant lipoma were accidentally diagnosed. Laparoscopic examination revealed a smooth-surfaced, giant yellow tumor at the lower border of the greater omentum that was unattached to the surrounding organs. After laparoscopic resection of the tumor and cholecystectomy, a 10-cm midline incision was made in the lower abdomen to remove the tumor and the gallbladder. We then performed a sigmoidectomy for sigmoid colon cancer through the same laparotomy. The resected tumor measured 29 x 19 x 3 cm and weighed 1250 g, and a histopathologic examination revealed a benign lipoma. Laparoscopic examination and resection of a giant lipoma of the omentum are particularly useful.
Assuntos
Colecistectomia Laparoscópica , Lipoma/cirurgia , Omento/cirurgia , Neoplasias Peritoneais/cirurgia , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/cirurgia , Idoso , Cálculos Biliares/cirurgia , Humanos , Achados Incidentais , Lipoma/patologia , Masculino , Omento/patologia , Neoplasias Peritoneais/patologiaRESUMO
In our exploratory campaign for an antihyperglycemic agent with a novel mechanism of action, (-)-Cercosporamide 1, which is known as an antifungal agent, showed a potent plasma glucose lowering effect in hyperglycemic KK/Ta mice. The trouble was that it was accompanied by a decrease in food intake and a loss of body weight. We synthesized some (-)-Cercosporamide derivatives and succeeded to separate these actions. N,O-ketal type derivatives, especially compound 10, had the most potent plasma glucose lowering effect without affecting the food consumption or body weight.
Assuntos
Benzofuranos/síntese química , Benzofuranos/farmacologia , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Glicemia/efeitos dos fármacos , Química Farmacêutica/métodos , Desenho de Fármacos , Ingestão de Alimentos/efeitos dos fármacos , Comportamento Alimentar/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , Modelos QuímicosRESUMO
We report a case of gastrointestinal manifestation of hereditary angioedema. Computed tomography (CT) revealed wall thickening of the gastric antrum, duodenum, and jejunum. Dilatation of the third part of the duodenum, thickening of the small bowel mesentery and omentum, and retroperitoneal edema were present. The importance of considering this condition in patients presenting such CT findings correlated with the appropriate history is discussed.
Assuntos
Angioedemas Hereditários/diagnóstico por imagem , Trato Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Dor Abdominal/etiologia , Angioedemas Hereditários/complicações , Angioedemas Hereditários/tratamento farmacológico , Proteína Inibidora do Complemento C1/administração & dosagem , Inativadores do Complemento/administração & dosagem , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Edema/etiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Náusea/etiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Because of the frequent occurrence of postgastrectomy disturbances after distal gastrectomy (DG), segmental gastrectomy (SG) has recently been applied to early gastric cancer (EGC). Outcomes of SG and DG in patients with EGC were compared to clarify the usefulness of SG as a treatment for EGC. METHODS: This retrospective study involved 61 patients with EGC: 28 patients who underwent DG before March 1996 and 33 patients who underwent SG after April 1996 during the period April 1991 through March 2002. Patient and tumor characteristics, operative results, and postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The postoperative/preoperative body weight ratio was higher in the SG group than in the DG group. Early dumping syndrome and reflux gastritis occurred less frequently after SG than after DG. The incidence of postoperative complications was similar in the two groups. All patients remained alive without recurrence during a mean follow-up period of 54.7 months in the SG group and 99.9 months in the DG group. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison to DG, SG is associated with improved postoperative quality of life with no decrease in operative curability of EGC. Thus, SG is a feasible treatment for EGC.