A review for non-antibiotic treatment of Helicobacter pylori: new insight.

Gastric ulcers and gastric cancer are brought on by the Helicobacter pylori bacteria, which colonizes under the stomach mucous membrane. Different medication regimens are used to remove it, but the illness returns and becomes more resistant, which lowers the treatment rates. Additionally, this bacterium now exhibits a skyrocketing level of multi-drug resistance, necessitating recurrent therapeutic treatments. The negative effects of synthetic medications in comparison to conventional therapies are another significant factor in favor of non-pharmacological therapy. The most significant side effects of popular anti-gastric ulcer medications include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Stomach ulcers have previously been treated with herbal remedies and complementary treatments like probiotics. When probiotics are ingested, the host experiences several advantages that may be brought about by altering the bacterial flora in the digestive system. Additionally, stronger-acting chemical compounds and plant extracts can be employed to treat patients. In this article, we look at the substances and medications that are utilized in place of synthetic stomach ulcer-curing treatments.

Design and synthesis of novel phe-phe hydroxyethylene derivatives as potential coronavirus main protease inhibitors.

In response to the current pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, we design new compounds based on Lopinavir structure as an FDA-approved antiviral agent which is currently under more evaluation in clinical trials for COVID-19 patients. This is the first example of the preparation of Lopinavir isosteres from the main core of Lopinavir conducted to various heterocyclic fragments. It is proposed that main protease inhibitors play an important role in the cycle life of coronavirus. Thus, the protease inhibition effect of synthesized compounds was studied by molecular docking method. All of these 10 molecules, showing a good docking score compared. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations also confirmed the stability of the best-designed compound in Mpro active site.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

The SARS-Cov-2 Proliferation Blocked by a Novel and Potent Main Protease Inhibitor via Computer-aided Drug Design.

The recent prevalence of novel "coronavirus disease 2019" has expanded quickly globally, causing a universal pandemic. Herein, an effort was constructed to design a potent drug to inhibit the main protease of SARS-Cov-2 (3CLp) by means of structure-based drug design. A large library of the compounds was used for virtual screening. After molecular docking and ADME studies, we selected a compound with a better binding affinity to the 3CLp active site and acceptable ADME properties compared to the selected positive control drug. Molecular dynamic (MD) simulation (200 ns) and Molecular Mechanics-Poisson Boltzmann Surface Area (MM-PBSA) were used for further analysis. MD simulation outcomes have proved that the 3CLp-ZINC31157475 complex possesses a considerable value of dynamic properties such as flexibility, stability, compactness, and binding energy. Our MM-PBSA computation illustrates that ZINC31157475 is more potent (-88.03 kcal mol-1) than nelfinavir (-19.54 kcal mol-1) against COVID-19 3CLp. Further, we have determined that the main residues of the 3CLp interact with ligands from per-residue binding energy. In conclusion, we suggest that ZINC31157475 can potentially treat COVID-19 by inhibition of the 3CLp. However, in-vitro and in-vivo study is essential for approval of this suggestion.

Is it true that gut microbiota is considered as panacea in cancer therapy?

Recent studies demonstrated that a combination of the gut microbiome has the vital effect on the efficacy of anticancer immune therapies. Regulatory effects of microbiota have been shown in different types of cancer therapies such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Immune-checkpoint-blocked therapies are the recent efficient cancer immunotherapy strategies. The target of immune-checkpoint blocking is cytotoxic T lymphocyte protein-4 (CTLA-4) or blockade of programmed death-1 (PD-1) protein and its ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) that they have been considered as cancer immunotherapy in recent years. In the latest studies, it have been demonstrated that several gut bacteria such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium spp., Faecalibacterium spp., and Bacteroides fragilis have the regulatory effects on PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 blocked anticancer therapy outcome.