RESUMO
Background: Hospital nursing staff are particularly susceptible to low back pain (LBP) a widespread health issue worldwide. There was little available data on the prevalence of LBP and risk factors related to it in this population. Objective: Assessed the prevalence of LBP and risk factors in nurses working in South-East Ethiopia's Oromia region in the East Bale, Bale, and West Arsi zone government hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out within an institution in the East Bale, Bale, and West Arsi zone government hospitals; 440 nurses were chosen to use a process of systematic random sampling, and data was gathered between June 1 and July 30, 2021. Using pre-designed questionnaires, I interrogated participants. After being verified as complete, the gathered data was entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bi variate and multivariate logistic regressions with 95% confidence intervals and crude and adjusted odd ratios were generated and interpreted as necessary. To deem a result statistically significant, a p-value of 0.05 or lower was required. Results: A total of 427 nurses engaged in the interview out of the 440 participants that wanted to take part in the study, yielding a response rate of 97.1%. Low back pain was 42.6% more common over a year [95% CI: (0.384, 0.476)]. According to the multivariate analysis, females [AOR = 1.791; 95% CI: (1.121, 2.861)], age higher than forty [AOR=2.388, 95% CI: (1.315, 4.337)], age grouped 31-40 years [(AOR=2.064, 95% CI: 1.233, 3.455)], divorced [(AOR=10.288, 95% CI: (3.063, 34.553)], married [(AOR=1.676 (1.675, 16.999)]. Conclusion: The study suggests that implementing preventive measures and offering ergonomic training can help reduce LBP among nurses in these hospitals.
RESUMO
Introduction: The term "disorders of sexual differentiation" refers to a variety of issues that result in the baby's genitalia being underdeveloped or showing characteristics shared by both sexes. Normal sexual development in utero requires a precise and coordinated spatiotemporal sequence of numerous activating and suppressing factors. Inadequate development of the bipotential gonad into an ovary or a testis is one of the most frequent causes of genital ambiguity (partial gonadal dysgenesis). One in every 50,000 babies suffers from cloacal anomalies, which makes it one of the rarest congenital malformations. The supernumerary kidney is an extremely uncommon congenital abnormality with less than 100 cases reported in the literature. Case: We present five days old neonate admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit with a complaint of absence of anal orifice. The baby had not passed meconium within 48 hours after delivery, but the families later realized that meconium had been passing through the urethral orifice along with urine. The child was born to a 32-year-old para-four woman who claims to have been amenorrheic for the past nine months but could not recall her last regular period. On physical examination, the abdomen was grossly distended, and there was no anal opening other than just a dimple on the sacrococcygeal area, and the external genitalia appears female on inspection with labia majora well developed and no fusion. Conclusion: Disorder of sexual differentiation is a clinically diverse set of diseases that interferes with the proper differentiation and determination of sex in the embryo and fetus. One in 50,000 live births results in cloacal abnormalities, which are extremely uncommon. Less than 100 examples of the supernumerary kidney have been documented in the literature, making it an exceptionally rare congenital anomaly.