The effects of CoQ10 supplement on matrix metalloproteinases, oxidative DNA damage and pro-inflammatory cytokines in testicular ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

We aimed to study the effect of coenzyme Q10 on pro-inflammatory cytokine, matrix metalloproteinase, oxidative DNA damage, caspase 3 and caspase 8 in ischaemia/reperfusion injury led to by testicular torsion/detorsion. Our research is a controlled experimental animal research using rats. This study was conducted with fifty-six adult male Albino Wistar rats. Interleucine-1ß, 2, 6, 10, tumour necrosis factor-α, matrix metalloproteinase-2, 3, 9, 13, tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-1, 2, malondialdehyde and leucocyte 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine/106 deoxyguanosine was detected in serum and tissue samples. In addition, immunohistochemical analysis of caspase 2 and caspase 8 was performed. In testicular I/R injury, especially 24 hr after detorsion, oxidative damage pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases were increased. At the coenzyme Q10 group, a meaningful decrease was observed in these parameters. In addition, a decrease in the expression of caspase3 and caspase 8 was viewed in coenzyme Q10-treated groups. The coenzyme Q10 has beneficial effects on oxidative damage, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, remodelling of extracellular matrix and apoptosis in testicular I/R injury.

The effect of laparoscopic and open surgery on oxidative DNA damage and IL-37 in children with acute appendicitis.

BACKGROUND: Although laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is considered to be minimally invasive compared with open appendectomy (OA), there are few studies showing this in terms of cytokines and oxidative stress markers. AIM: LA and OA techniques have been compared in terms of different conditions such as operation time and complication rate. Here, we compared how oxidative DNA damage and some cytokines levels change in relation to LA and OA. METHOD: This study was performed in children diagnosed with acute appendicitis in our hospital. The study was conducted on 30 children with acute appendicitis in each group. Oxidative DNA damage and malondialdehyde levels were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and interleukin-1ß, interleukin-37, ischaemia-modified albumin and total thiol levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS: There was a dramatic decrease in ischaemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels after LA. However, there were no statistically significant differences in pre- and postoperative IMA levels in the OA group. Oxidative DNA damage and malondialdehyde levels were low significantly according to preoperative levels after the LA and OA. Total thiol levels were high in children who underwent LA while they were low after OA. In addition, postoperative interleukin-1ß levels were low in both groups. Furthermore, IL-37 levels postoperatively were low in the LA group, while there was no significant change in the OA group. CONCLUSION: LA had a more positive effect on oxidative DNA damage, IL-1ß and IL-37 than the OA. In addition, surgical stress was reduced with LA.

Comparison of the protective effects of curcumin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester against doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity.

Whether testicular toxicity is mediated by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is an important question that has not been examined. This study investigated the suppressive effect of curcumin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on oxidative stress, apoptosis, and whether MMPs mediate doxorubicin (DOX)-induced testicular injury. Male rats were randomly divided into eight groups (n = 8 per group). The groups were as follows: sham, dimethyl sulphoxide (100 µL), DOX (3 mg/kg), CAPE (2.68 mg/kg), curcumin (30 mg/kg), DOX+CAPE (3 mg/kg DOX and 2.68 mg/kg CAPE), DOX+curcumin (3 mg/kg DOX and 30 mg/kg curcumin) and DOX+CAPE+curcumin (3 mg/kg DOX, 2.68 mg/kg CAPE and 30 mg/kg curcumin). Injections were administered daily for 21 days. The oxidative stress, MMPs, proinflammatory cytokines and apoptotic markers in the DOX group were higher than the sham group (p < .05); these measures were lower in the groups treated with CAPE and curcumin together with DOX compared with the DOX group (p < .05). The results showed that MMPs mediated DOX-induced testicular injury, but CAPE and especially curcumin suppressed testis injury and cell apoptosis by suppressing DOX-induced increases in MMPs, oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines. However, curcumin exhibited more pronounced effects than CAPE in terms of all studied parameters.

Oxidative DNA Damage and NOX4 Levels in Children with Undescended Testes.

BACKGROUND: Undescended testis (UDT) is a common urological disorder. Patients with UDT have a risk of malignancy and infertility. The development of these conditions may be due to oxidative stress mediated by reactive oxygen species. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between these parameters by detecting oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine/106 deoxyguanosine), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), malondialdehyde (MDA), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (NOX4) levels in children with UDT and healthy control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The blood samples were obtained from 30 patients with UDT and 40 healthy male subjects. The levels of oxidative DNA damage were detected by high-pressure liquid chromatography method. We used commercially available kits that use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method to measure IMA, MDA, and NOX4 levels. RESULTS: The levels of MDA, IMA, NOX4, and oxidative DNA damage in children with UDT were statistically significantly higher than control group. In addition, we found that the levels of NOX4, IMA, and oxidative DNA damage after 12 months of age was significantly higher than before 12 months of age. CONCLUSION: We identified increased lipid peroxidation, oxidative DNA damage, IMA, and NOX4 levels in children with UDT. Delay in the treatment of UDT may cause oxidative damage. That is why, according to us the antioxidant treatment may be beneficial in children with UDT.

Why is the rate of perforated appendicitis higher in girls in eastern Turkey, unlike the literature?

AIM: Appendicitis is the most common cause of surgical abdominal pain in children. The incidence of appendicitis is higher in boys than girls. Delay in diagnosis may result in perforation of the appendix. Aim of this study is, to examine the terms of gender distribution of perforated appendicitis cases in eastern Turkey. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients who underwent appendectomy in our clinic between the years of 2017-2018 were classified according to histopathology results as acute appendicitis and perforated appendicitis. Two groups was evaluated in term of; the age, gender, and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: Of the patients included in the study, 168 were male and 99 were female. The incidence of perforated appendicitis was higher in girls (%59), (p=0,001) and acute appendicitis was higher in boys (%63), (p=0,001). The mean age was 11.44±3.50 years in acute appendicitis and 9.22±4.26 years in perforated appendicitis. In perforated appendicitis, the mean length of hospital stay (6,73 day) was longer than acute appendicitis (2,59 day) (p=0,001). In addition, the mean length of hospital stay (8,13 day) for girls with perforated appendicitis was statistically significantly longer than boys (6,03 day), (p=0,001). CONCLUSION: While diagnosing appendicitis in the east of Turkey; living environment of the child, education level of the family, socioeconomic status and cultural structure of the society must be considered. It should not be forgotten that the rate of perforated appendicitis in girls is higher than boys in this region.

AMAÇ: Apandisit çocuklardaki en sik cerrahi karin agrisi nedenidir. Erkek çocuklarda sikligi kiz çocuklarindan daha yüksektir. Tanidaki gecikmeler apandiksin perforasyonu ile sonuçlanabilir. Bu çalismada amaç, Türkiye'nin dogusundaki perfore apandisit olgularinin cinsiyet açisindan dagilimini irdelemektir. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEMLER: 2017­2018 yillari arasinda klinigimizde apandektomi yapilan hastalar histopatoloji sonuçlarina göre akut apandisit ve perfore apandisit olarak iki gruba ayrildi. Bu iki grupta hastalarin yasi, cinsiyeti ve hastanede yatis süresi arasindaki iliski degerlendirildi. BULGULAR: Çalismaya alinan hastalarin 168'i erkek, 99'u kiz idi. Erkek çocuklarda akut (%63), kiz çocuklarda ise perfore apandisit (%59) sikligi daha yüksek bulundu, (p=0,001 ve p=0,001). Akut olgularda ortalama yas 11,44±3,50 yil iken, perfore apandisitlerde 9,22±4,26 yil olarak saptandi. Perfore apandisitlerde hastanede ortalama yatis süresi (6,73 gün), akut apandisitlerden (2,59 gün) daha yüksekti, (p=0,001). Ayrica perfore apandisit tanili kiz çocuklarin ortalama yatis süresi (8,13 gün) de erkek çocuklara (6,03 gün) nazaran istatiksel olarak anlamli bir sekilde yüksek bulundu, (p=0,001). ÇIKARIMLAR: Türkiye'nin dogusunda apandisit tanisi konulurken çocugun yasadigi ortam, sosyoekonomik durumu, ailenin egitim düzeyi ve yasadigi toplumun kültürel yapisi göz önüne alinmalidir. Bu bölgedeki kiz çocuklarda perfore apandisit oraninin erkek çocuklara nazaran daha yüksek oldugu unutulmamalidir.