Uterine disorders in 59 rabbits.

The medical records of 59 rabbits with uterine disorders were assessed retrospectively. Ten animals were presented because of vaginal discharge; the reasons for presentation of the remaining 49 rabbits included mammary masses, skin tumours, anorexia and poor general health. All the rabbits underwent a clinical examination, and 54 were examined by ultrasonography and/or radiography. Forty-five rabbits underwent ovariohysterectomy and the other 14 rabbits were euthanased, three because of pulmonary metastases and 11 because of very poor health unrelated to their uterine disease. The genital tracts of all the rabbits were submitted for histological examination. Endometrial hyperplasia (in 24 rabbits) and adenocarcinoma (in 18 rabbits) were the most common uterine disorders; in a further 11 cases both conditions were observed. The remaining six rabbits had other uterine disorders. Four rabbits that were presented with adenocarcinoma of the mammary gland were found to have concurrent uterine disorders. The mean age of the rabbits with endometrial hyperplasia was 4.5 years, and that of the rabbits with adenocarcinoma was 6.1 years. Four rabbits had ovarian tumours.

Acute sarcoid arthritis: a favourable outcome? A retrospective survey of 49 patients with review of the literature.

Forty-nine patients, 30 males and 19 females with acute sarcoid arthritis admitted to three different hospitals in Norway were studied retrospectively. All patients had peripheral arthritis and hilar adenopathy, and 87.8% also presented with erythema nodosum (EN). Mean duration of arthritis was 3.7 months (0.5-12 months), but in 26% of the cases, duration of the inflammatory joint disease exceeded three months. Radiological bony erosions were not seen. Two patients had recurrence of acute sarcoid arthritis, 14 months and 10 years after the initial episode, respectively. Two other patients developed chronic myalgia and fibromyalgia. Four patients, one female and three males, developed chronic pulmonal sarcoidosis. Of these, two patients had simultaneous onset of acute sarcoid arthritis and parenchymal disease while two patients developed chronic lung disease three months after onset of acute sarcoid arthritis. We thus tentatively suggest that although acute sarcoid arthritis is usually a self-limiting joint disease, recurrences may occasionally occur and some cases develop chronic sarcoidosis of the lungs.

[Malnutrition among the elderly admitted as emergencies to an internal medicine department. A pilot study]. / Underernaering hos eldre ved akutt innleggelse i indremedisinsk avdeling. En pilotstudie.

All elderly persons aged 68 years or more (N = 104) who were admitted consecutively to a medical department at Ullevål Hospital in the city of Oslo during a period of six weeks were studied for nutritional status: measurements were taken of arm muscle circumference, skin fold thickness, concentration of albumin, zinc, phosphate and magnesium in the serum, and of folic acid in whole blood. Height and weight were measured, and atrophy of the tongue epithelium evaluated. Arm muscle circumference was reduced in 30 persons, skin fold thickness in 20, and serum concentration of albumin to 30 g/l or below in 30. Folic acid in whole blood was reduced in 18 persons, s-magnesium in 11, s-phosphate in seven and s-zinc in 14. Tongue epithelium atrophy was present in 35 patients. Malnutrition, defined as the presence of two or more criteria out of seven, was present in 48%. Malnutrition is frequent among the elderly upon admission to a medical department, and should be appropriately diagnosed and treated.

[Malnutrition among the elderly admitted as emergencies to an internal medicine department. Possible causes and consequences]. / Underernaering hos eldre ved akutt innleggelse i indremedisinsk avdeling. Mulige årsaker og konsekvenser.

The degree of malnutrition (number of criteria out of seven) in 104 elderly persons who were admitted acutely to a medical department was related to a number of factors, some of which might affect the development of their malnutrition and others which might be influenced by it. Malnutrition was more pronounced in patients who received no medication or had a high intake of tablets than in patients with a moderate intake. Malnutrition was inversely related to degree of physical activity. Malnourished patients stayed longer in hospital, and were more often discharged dead or to institutions providing long-term care than to their homes. Malnutrition was not related to complaints prior to admission, income, social class, marital status, number of meals per day, hot meals per week, eating together, alcohol consumption or final diagnosis. Malnutrition in the elderly upon admission to a medical department has a multifactorial etiology and serious consequences. This makes it important to recognize the malnutrition, and treat it.

[Bony bridges of the lumbar transverse processes]. / Knöcherne Spangen der Lendenwirbelquerfortsätze.

A traumatic osseous bridge between lumbar transverse processes is a bone formation occurring after severe or even mild trauma of the back. However, only few of the patients with a contusion of the back or a fracture of a lumbar transverse process develop such an osseous bridge. The localisation of the haematoma plays an important role in this process, but myositis ossificans is a mandatory condition. Anamnesis will not lead to traumatic aetiology in all cases, because sometimes the patient is not aware of the fact that a transverse process has been fractured. The diagnosis finally depends on the recognition of the different shapes. The traumatic osseous bridge is characterised by the kind of trauma that causes the fracture of the transverse process. The shapes can be classified as "h", "H", "K", or "Z". Among 72 patients with inter-transverse osseous bridges, only 11 patients have congenital bridges. The congenital osseous bridge shows typical features that can be explained by means of embryogenic and functional dynamic considerations. These symptoms are the O-shape, concavity of the lumbar spine of a pathological nature and the absence of degenerative changes in the corresponding intervertebral space.

Effect of interferon treatment on expression of gC and gE glycoproteins in herpes simplex virus-infected cells.

The effect of interferon treatment on the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-specific glycoproteins gC and gE in homologous and heterologous cells has been investigated. In human embryonic fibroblastic cells, human leukocyte interferon inhibited virus multiplication and expression of the HSV-1-specific glycoproteins gC and gE on the cell surface in a dose-dependent manner. In heterologous baby hamster kidney cells, the human interferon had no effect on virus multiplication. However, the surface expression of the HSV-1-specific glycoproteins was reduced, as shown by erythrocyte rosette formation, by attachment of monodisperse polystyrene particles coated with antibodies and by immunogold scanning electron microscopy.

[Cutaneous calcinosis of the footpads in a cat]. / Calcinosis cutis der Ballen bei einer Katze.

A case of cutaneous calcinosis of the footpads in a cat is described. The animal had developed lameness of one hindleg which was presumably due to infection by an abscess-like lesion of one pad. Histologically the lesion proved to be based on a cutaneous calcinosis. Shortly afterwards the animal died of uremia. Post mortem examination revealed fine granular shrinkage of the kidneys and signs of demineralisation of the skeleton accompanied by calcifications in the pads of all four paws, major arteries, hear, kidneys, lung and gastric mucosa. The clinical and morphological findings suggest a cutaneous calcinosis of the footpads as an additional localisation of extraosseous calcification in osteorenal syndrome.

[Small intestinal ileus in the dog and cat--catamnestic observations of 704 patients]. / Dünndarmileus bei Katze und Hund--katamnestische Betrachtungen von 704 Patienten.

Following an introductory review of the literature, the symptoms, diagnostic procedures and aetiology as well as treatment, long-term results and prognosis of the individual forms of ileus are described and discussed, based on the clinical histories of 704 patients with ileus of the small intestine. Whereas ileal obstipation and other forms of obstructive ileus were revealed to have a fair prognosis, a long-term cure could be achieved in only half of the patients with either a string foreign body, intussusception or an intestinal adhesion. The prognosis in cases of malignant intestinal tumours, intestinal adhesions resulting from intra-abdominal tumours and mesenteric volvulus was hopeless.

[Monocular and binocular vision following lens implantation in traumatic cataract]. / Monokulares und binokulares Sehen nach Linsenimplantation bei Verletzungsstar.

Lens implantation after surgery for traumatic cataract is a major help in rehabilitating the patient. Most such patients are still at work. Surgical problems result from injuries to the cornea, iris, lens, and vitreous body. If possible a posterior chamber lens should be implanted in the bag. In 35 patients, 24 posterior chamber lenses and 11 anterior chamber lenses were implanted. In 27 cases the traumatic cataract had been caused by perforating injury and in eight by contusion. In 28 patients there was a significant improvement in visual acuity by the day they were discharged. At short focus more than one-half of the patients had simultaneous vision with striated glasses, and two-fifths at long focus. Two-fifths of all patients attained stereoscopic vision at both short and long focus. The binocular functions were worse in most of the cases where the visual acuity of the injured eye was 0.4 or less.

[Operative demonstration of the anconeal process of the ulna in the dog (modification of the Chalman-Slocum approach)]. / Zur operativen Darstellung des Processus anconaeus ulnae beim Hund (Modifikation des Zuganges von Chalman und Slocum).

A modification of Chalman's and Slocum's surgical approach to the elbow joint is presented and compared to lateral exposures of the anconeal process. The caudolateral approach guarantees best visual control and minimal tissue damage at the same time.