Prognosticating the effect of temperature and pH parameters on size and stability of the nanoliposome system based on thermodynamic modeling.

The main challenge of using nanoliposome systems is controlling their size and stability. In order to overcome this challenge, according to the research conducted at the Research Centre for New Technologies of Biological Engineering, University of Tehran, a model for predicting the size and stability of nanoliposome systems based on thermodynamic relations has been presented. In this model, by using the presented equations and without performing many experiments in the laboratory environment, the effect of temperature, ionic power and different pH can be considered simultaneously whereas examining the components of size, stability and any feature were considered before. Synthesis and application of liposomal nanocarriers in different operating conditions can be investigated and predicted, and due to the change in temperature and pH, the smallest size of th system can be obtained. In this study, we were able to model the synthesis and storage conditions of liposomal nanocarriers at different temperatures and acidic, neutral and alkaline pHs, based on the calculation of mathematical equations. This model also indicates that with increasing temperature, the radius increases but with increasing pH, the radius first increases and then decreases. Therefore, this model can be used to predict size and stability in different operating conditions. In fact, with this modelling method, there is no need to study through laboratory methods and analysis to determine the size, stability and surface loads, and in terms of Accuracy, time and cost savings are affordable.

Effective Strategies to Deal With Infection in Burn Patient.

Treatment of bacterial infection is difficult. Treatment protocol of burned patient is hard. Furthermore, treatment in burned patients is accompanied with problems such as complexity in diagnosis of infection's agent, multiple infections, being painful, and involving with different organelles. There are different infections of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in burned patients. From important bacteria can be noted to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Staphylococcus aureus that have high range of morbidity and mortality. Treatment of those bacterial infections is extremely important. Hence, many studies about methods of treatment of bacterial infections have published. Herein, we have suggested practical methods for example ant virulence therapies, nanotechnology, vaccine, and photodynamic therapy in treatment of bacterial infections. Those methods have been done in many researches and had good effect.

Antibiotic resistance assessment of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Tehran hospitals due to the presence of efflux pumps encoding genes (adeA and adeS genes) by molecular method.

OBJECTIVE: Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) has caused many problems in nosocomial infections. Efflux pumps are considered as one of the most important mechanisms of resistance in this bacterium and have the ability to excrete toxic substances such as antibiotics out of the cell. RESULTS: In this study, 60 isolates of A. baumannii were collected from patients in several hospitals in Tehran, Iran. After diagnosis using standard biochemical methods, the pattern of antibiotic susceptibility was determined using the disk diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. The adeA and adeS genes were identified by PCR method. The highest resistance to Piperacillin and the lowest resistance to Gentamicin were observed (100% compared to 48.4%). 6.6% of the isolates had only adeA gene and adeS gene was observed in 8.4% of isolates and both genes were detected in 73.4% of the samples. Despite the high resistance of t A. baumannii o antibiotics and due to the high frequency of genes of adeA and adeS efflux pumps in A. baumannii isolates, it can be concluded that these efflux pumps may play an important role in resistance of this bacterium. By determining the pattern of antibiotic the resistance before treatment, the resistance of this pathogen can be prevented in societies.