In Silico Screening of Phytocompounds from West African Traditional Medicine and Molecular Docking Targeting Dengue Virus Protein NS2B/NS3.

Traditional medicine offers a wide range of application for in silico study techniques. This drug research and development strategy is embryonic in the West African context, particularly in Burkina Faso, which is increasingly faced with emerging diseases such as dengue fever. Circulation of the 4 serotypes of this virus has been documented in the country. This study aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of phytocompounds contained in the West African pharmacopoeia against dengue virus NS2B/NS3 protein, using computational methods integrating several software packages and databases. Based on a literature review, we identified 191 molecules from 30 plants known for their antiviral effects. Five met the inclusion criteria for molecular docking: patulin from calotropis procera, resiniferonol from Euphorbia poissonii, Securinol A from Flueggea virosa, Shikimic acid and Methyl gallate from Terminalia macroptera. The best binding scores were observed between resiniferonol and the serotypes 1, 2 and 4 NS2B/NS3 protease, with binding energies of -7.4 Kcal/mol, -6.8 Kcal/mol and -7.3 Kcal/mol respectively; while the NS2B/NS3 protease of serotype 3 had the best affinity for securinol A (-7 Kcal/mol). This study points the way to further research in computer aided drug design field and calls for multidisciplinary collaboration to promote West African medicinal plants against health challenges.

Design and Integration of an Intelligent Agent to a Telemedicine Platform, for the Translation of Exchanges Between Doctor and Patient During Teleconsultation: Methodology of Design and Technological Choices.

After having designed and implemented a telemedicine solution equipped with a video presence tool for teleconsultation and tele-expertise and in order to obtain a faithful communication between healthcare professional and patient despite language differences, our study was to perform a literary review on the various existing works and to perform analysis on the different types of neural network for designing an voice intelligent agent for translation during exchanges between doctor and patient during teleconsultation and make tool choices for its development.

Artificial Intelligence System for Automated Breast Cancer Detection in Pathology in Burkina Faso: Methodology Overview.

The introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) in breast cancer diagnosis in Burkina Faso represents a significant advancement in the field of healthcare. Faced with the public health issue posed by breast cancer, this study focuses on the use of AI to improve early and accurate detection of this disease from histopathological images. For the implementation of the system, we utilized a customized architecture tailored to our context where image quality is low, based on the convolutional neural networks algorithm from the Keras library of TensorFlow. Subsequently, we developed a platform to facilitate its use. This article aims to present the methodology that was used and the results obtained.

Comparative Analysis of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Breast Cancer Detection from Pathological Image in Burkina Faso.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized many fields, including medical imaging. This revolution has enabled the digitization of medical images, the development of algorithms allowing the use of data captured in natural language, and deep learning, enabling the development of algorithms for automatic processing of medical images from massive medical data. In Burkina Faso, early and accurate detection of breast cancer is a significant challenge due to limited resources and lack of specialized expertise. In this article, we examine the effectiveness of different artificial intelligence algorithms for breast cancer detection from pathological image.

Setting up a Video Transmission Tool for Teleconsultation and Tele-Expertise in an African Context: Case of Burkina Faso.

Since the COVID-19 health crisis, telemedicine has received a lot of attention around the world. Following attempts to set up a telemedicine system, in particular teleconsultation and teleexpertise, which proved inconclusive in Burkina, we have seen several technologies and tools that could enable the implementation of a telemedicine solution that meets the realities of Burkina Faso. The results of the study of the existing system and interviews with health professionals have made it possible to design a telemedicine platform combining a scalable video-transmission tool adapted to the country's health system.

Design of an Application for the Automatic Assessment of the Quality of Data Produced in an African Context (Burkina Faso) "Package Data Quality Assessment (PackDQA)".

We have developed data quality tool in R language. Our application name is Package-Data-Quality-Assessment (PackDQA)". It developed following five points: Quality dimension approaches identification, design of quality measures, global coefficient design, development of the quality model, test and deployment model. This model test performed on health data in Burkina Faso show 97.69% observations is quality. The current version does not include qualitative data. We will have to improve theme to use all types of data.

Implementation of a Monitoring System for Pregnancy by Tele-Ultrasound in an African Context (Burkina Faso).

Prenatal ultrasound is a radiological examination that allows optimal follow-up of pregnancies. However, its implementation remains limited in poor countries due to a lack of equipment and trained health workers, such as in Burkina Faso. The aim of this work is to set up an ultrasound tele-expertise system. To achieve this objective, we mobilized human, material and IT resources. The design of the tele-expertise application was based on a generic open source software called "MedShakeEHR" that we have adapted to our context. The application runs in a network on a Linux system. It enables ultrasound data exchange and sharing with a remote expert for interpretation using the DICOM protocol. This device thus offers the possibility to pregnant women to carry out their prenatal ultrasound locally. It also allows the constitution of prenatal ultrasound database according security and confidentiality standards.

Mobile Monitoring of Diabetic Patients in the Active File of the Medical Center of Do (Burkina Faso).

The care of diabetic patients in peripheral medical centers in Burkina Faso faces many difficulties. This work, which is a new experience, aimed to set up an information system for the care of diabetic patients in the context of Burkina Faso. The system thus conceived consists of a web application (MedshakeEHR), used by the doctor and a mobile application (Glucosio) for the patient. The system has advantages such as remote appointment scheduling, appointment reminder, patient information sharing. The device also makes it possible to store data for the production of statistics and for scientific research. This experience has enabled us to meet certain challenges related in particular to the problem of HIS such as organizational constraints, the creation of a unique identifier, the modeling of the main business processes, etc.

Design and Implementation of a Computerized Management System for Adverse Drug Reactions at the Sourô SANOU University Hospital (CHUSS) in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.

Pharmacovigilance is the science and activities related to the detection, evaluation, understanding and prevention of adverse drug reactions or any other possible drug-related problems. In our tropics, this discipline is in an embryonic state. The availability of a management system capable of responding to pharmacovigilance activities is the main objective of our study. The coding was done on the DJANGO Framework. Signal detection was done using the ROR method. We designed three modules which are the notification module, the analysis module and the statistics module. This study has allowed us to launch the basis for a computerization of the pharmacovigilance information system and partly meets our objective. However, it could lead to the integration of the dictionary of adverse effects such as MedDRA as well as the International Classification of Medicines (ATC, EphMRA).

Patient's Unique Identifier for Efficient and Secure Monitoring of Pregnant Women in Burkina Faso.

The objective of this work is to set up a device allowing to identify the pregnant woman in a univocal and reliable way during her pregnancy follow-up. This study is a continuation of a project to improve the electronic monitoring of pregnancy in pregnant women in Burkina Faso. The methodology is based on the scientific work of the GMSIH of France (1). The work has lead to the design and implementation of a model that allows to assign a "Unique Identifier" to each pregnant woman from her first prenatal visit. The Patient ID is developed from the person's identification trait profile. It consists of a sequence of 20 characters and a security "key" of 2 characters. After the design, a reliability test of the model was performed to take into account identity anomalies (duplicates, collisions).

A Data Warehouse Design for Dangerous Pathogen Monitoring.

Emerging diseases are a major public health problem as illustrated by the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. To make the right decisions, public health departments need a decision-making system. In Africa few IT systems have been put in place to help managers of public health in the analysis of their multidisciplinary data. The majority of digital health solutions are operational databases, as well, focused on surveillance activities that do not include the laboratory component. This paper describes the design model and implementation of data warehouse for dangerous pathogen monitoring in a laboratories network. Talend data integration is used to extract data in Excel sheets, transform it and load it into a MySQL database.

Bioinformatic Analysis of MIRU-VNTR Repeats of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strains from Lagos, Nigeria.

The analysis of Mycobacterial Interpersed Repetitive Unit-Variable Number of Tandem Repeat (MIRU-VNTR) discriminates against the species of M. tuberculosis involved in the transmission of the disease. The reference method is the manual method. Our study involved developing a bioinformatics method of interpreting MIRU-VNTR and comparing it to the manual method. For this we used two softwares, namely imagej and Microsoft Excel. Imagej was used to determine the migration distance of the bands and for the measure of size in a base pair. The number of repetitions of 18 markers used was analyzed with Excel macro. The results obtained were: 27% of the results exactly consistent, 16% of outliers generated by the macro and 57% of the results not matching.

Health Metrics Network (HMN-WHO), a Tool to Assess the Quality of the Information System in Burkina Hospitals.

An assessment of the quality of the information system was conducted in the 14 hospitals of Burkina Faso in 2017 using the HMN tool (Health Metrics Network). This evaluation was part of the process of developing a master plan for implementing a HIS for the hospitals in the country, and was aimed at analyzing the sub-components of the existing information system. The results are presented as scores, one per component, evaluated in % and converted into quartiles, ranging from the 1st quartile "Not adequate at all" to the 4th quartile "Highly adequate". The scores are as follows: Resources = Q1 (29%); indicator = Q2 (46%); data sources = Q1 (28%); information production = Q1 (21%); data management = Q2 (47%); dissemination and use = Q3 (55%). In conclusion, overall the system is not adequate (mean score 39%), particularly at the level of information production (score 21%).

Study of the Usability of an Automated Coding Software for Causes of Death in an African Context.

IRIS is an automated coding software for the causes of death. It is used in many European countries for the production of death statistics. The purpose of our work was to study the usability of this software in Africa where the quality of statistics is insufficient. For this, we have developed a device consisting of two software: "collector" and "encoder" cooperating via the same database.

Quality Control of a Health Information System for Causes of Death Statistics in Burkina Faso Using Capture-Recapture Method.

INTRODUCTION: The information system on the causes of death (ISCD), set up in Burkina Faso in January 2014 at the University Hospital Center Souro Sanon (UHCSS) of Bobo-Dioulasso, was evaluated to assess its completeness in terms of death statistics generation. METHOD: The capture-recapture method was used to assess this quality control using the three-sources technique. RESULTS: The cross verification of the three data sources (mortuary, admission department, death certificate) gave the following estimations: number of deaths observed: 735, total estimated deaths: 852 [820-900], i.e. 86% of completeness achieved by the statistics generating system. DISCUSSION: The ISCD is functional and produces easy-to-cross-check quality data. It could be extended to the entire country for the generation of mortality statistics. Nevertheless, it needs to be improved before deploying across the country.

Cause-of-death certification in Africa: analysis of a model implemented at the teaching hospital of Souro Sanou of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso).

INTRODUCTION: In Africa, mortality statistics are not reliable due to the low performance of the death registering systems. Our aim is to implement an efficient system. In this article we make a comparison between the existing system model and the new system that will be set up. METHOD: UML has been used as the modeling language based on the 2TUP analysis methods. RESULTS: the new system for registering deaths and their causes was conceived and represented through activities, utilization cases and data model diagrams. DISCUSSION: We have developed a tool for death registration taking into account African hospitals characteristics. The progressive deployment of this system at the CHUSS of Bobo-Dioulasso enables users and actors to appropriate it.