Mortality after discharge from a public tertiary cardiovascular referral hospital.

It is critically important for stakeholders with distinct foci of attention on healthcare to understand patient evolution in the presence of an established diagnosis or with a suspected diagnosis of various diseases, specially considering death as an outcome. To study the long-term mortality of patients at a cardiovascular referral hospital. Deterministic binding (selection of pairs of registers from the hospital electronic health records and the mortality records of São Paulo state) from 2002 to 2017 was performed. Studied variables were: age, sex, hospital treatment unit where the first visit occurred (Emergency Unit, Outpatient Unit, Hospital Admissions, Diagnostics Services), treatment type, elapsed time between the first visit and death, diagnosis at first and last visits and variables related to death. Statistical Methods: descriptive, survival (with Kaplan-Meier method), correspondence and competitive risks analyses; in case of nonoccurrence of death until the end of 2017, the patients were considered alive. Statistical significance was set at values of P < .05. Median age at the first visit to the Hospital was 51.9 years. Birth locations included 4496 cities, 17.33% in São Paulo, 0.41% in Rio de Janeiro, 0.40% in Osasco, 24.04% in other cities. Sex included females (46.7%), males (44.2%), not defined (6.3%), and other (2.8%). We observed an association between diseases in ICD-10 Chapter 16 (certain conditions originating in the perinatal period) and Chapter 17 (congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities), both as diagnoses and underlying causes of death, as well as between neoplasms as diagnoses and as the underlying cause of death. In this sample, there was an association between admission diagnoses and underlying causes of death, such as neoplasms, cardiovascular diseases, and congenital heart malformations. Additionally, patients who underwent a cardiac intervention had a smaller less mortality rate than those who were not operated on. There were also differences in cardiovascular mortality between distinct treatment units of the hospital ((Emergency Unit, Outpatient Unit, Hospital Admissions, Diagnostic Services).

Could a lipid oxidative biomarker be applied to improve risk stratification in the prevention of cardiovascular disease?

There is significant evidence demonstrating the influence of oxidative stress on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, oxidative biomarkers have not been applied to follow patients under primary or secondary prevention. Many factors can explain this paradox: the higher complexity of the methods applied to quantify oxidative markers, the high variability observed among the studies, the lack of reference values, and the weak correlation with clinical endpoints. This review presents the role of the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) involved in cardiovascular pathophysiology and how they can be neutralized by endogenous and exogenous antioxidants based on classical and recent studies, highlighting the importance of the secondary products of fatty acid oxidation as potential biomarkers. Furthermore, we discuss the great variability of oxidative stress biomarkers, using as an example data obtained from 55 studies. Among the molecules directly formed from lipid oxidation, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), oxidized LDL (oxLDL), and isoprostanes (F2-IsoP), and those associated with general oxidative conditions (ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH)), MDA was the most lipid biomarker evaluated in the treatments and proved to be an independent factor compared with traditional markers used in the algorithms to stratify the patient's risk. Finally, this review suggests four steps to follow, aiming to include MDA in the algorithms applied to estimate CVD risk.

Validation of physician certified verbal autopsy using conventional autopsy: a large study of adult non-external causes of death in a metropolitan area in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Reliable mortality data are essential for the development of public health policies. In Brazil, although there is a well-consolidated universal system for mortality data, the quality of information on causes of death (CoD) is not even among Brazilian regions, with a high proportion of ill-defined CoD. Verbal autopsy (VA) is an alternative to improve mortality data. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of an adapted and reduced version of VA in identifying the underlying causes of non-forensic deaths, in São Paulo, Brazil. This is the first time that a version of the questionnaire has been validated considering the autopsy as the gold standard. METHODS: The performance of a physician-certified verbal autopsy (PCVA) was evaluated considering conventional autopsy (macroscopy plus microscopy) as gold standard, based on a sample of 2060 decedents that were sent to the Post-Mortem Verification Service (SVOC-USP). All CoD, from the underlying to the immediate, were listed by both parties, and ICD-10 attributed by a senior coder. For each cause, sensitivity and chance corrected concordance (CCC) were computed considering first the underlying causes attributed by the pathologist and PCVA, and then any CoD listed in the death certificate given by PCVA. Cause specific mortality fraction accuracy (CSMF-accuracy) and chance corrected CSMF-accuracy were computed to evaluate the PCVA performance at the populational level. RESULTS: There was substantial variability of the sensitivities and CCC across the causes. Well-known chronic diseases with accurate diagnoses that had been informed by physicians to family members, such as various cancers, had sensitivities above 40% or 50%. However, PCVA was not effective in attributing Pneumonia, Cardiomyopathy and Leukemia/Lymphoma as underlying CoD. At populational level, the PCVA estimated cause specific mortality fractions (CSMF) may be considered close to the fractions pointed by the gold standard. The CSMF-accuracy was 0.81 and the chance corrected CSMF-accuracy was 0.49. CONCLUSIONS: The PCVA was efficient in attributing some causes individually and proved effective in estimating the CSMF, which indicates that the method is useful to establish public health priorities.

Effect of resveratrol supplementation on biomarkers associated with atherosclerosis in humans.

Previous studies have suggested the beneficial effects of resveratrol against cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, there are inconsistent results on cardiovascular-related biomarkers mainly because of variable dosage, intervention time and baseline characteristics of the population. Thus, the exact effect of resveratrol remains unclear. We conducted a review to classify the studies that applied resveratrol to supplement humans according to the major biomarkers and identify which protocol characteristics would be associated with each result profile. Randomized clinical trials that assessed resveratrol effect on biomarkers related to atherosclerosis were searched in databases. Biochemical data were collected from 27 studies on the baseline and post-intervention time. We selected 12 biomarkers to compose the matrix, based on their clinical relevance and higher variation level. A total of 32 assays were obtained from these 27 studies. The net change (%) was calculated for each biomarker. Applying multivariate analysis, the assays were grouped into 3 clusters. Studies that composed Cluster II were characterized by a mean dose of 454.14 mg/day for 74.21 days and showed higher reduction of triglyceride concentration and blood pressure, while those composing Cluster III applied doses around 273.75 mg/day for about 175.33 days and showed the highest HDL increase. Thus, interventions with resveratrol could be customized according to the patient condition, in terms of "dose/time of intervention". This information can be applied to combine resveratrol with drugs to reduce blood pressure or improve lipid profile in further clinical studies.

Validation of SmartVA using conventional autopsy: A study of adult deaths in Brazil.

Background: Accurate cause of death data are essential to guide health policy. However, mortality surveillance is limited in many low-income countries. In such settings, verbal autopsy (VA) is increasingly used to provide population-level cause of death data. VAs are now widely interpreted using the automated algorithms SmartVA and InterVA. Here we use conventional autopsy as the gold standard to validate SmartVA methodology. Methods: This study included adult deaths from natural causes in São Paulo and Recife for which conventional autopsy was indicated. VA was conducted with a relative of the deceased using an amended version of the SmartVA instrument to suit the local context. Causes of death from VA were produced using the SmartVA-Analyze program. Physician coded verbal autopsy (PCVA), conducted on the same questionnaires, and Global Burden of Disease Study data were used as additional comparators. Cause of death data were grouped into 10 broad causes for the validation due to the real-world utility of VA lying in identifying broad population cause of death patterns. Findings: The study included 2,060 deaths in São Paulo and 1,079 in Recife. The cause specific mortality fractions (CSMFs) estimated using SmartVA were broadly similar to conventional autopsy for: cardiovascular diseases (46.8% vs 54.0%, respectively), cancers (10.6% vs 11.4%), infections (7.0% vs 10.4%) and chronic respiratory disease (4.1% vs 3.7%), causes accounting for 76.1% of the autopsy dataset. The SmartVA CSMF estimates were lower than autopsy for "Other NCDs" (7.8% vs 14.6%) and higher for diabetes (13.0% vs 6.6%). CSMF accuracy of SmartVA compared to autopsy was 84.5%. CSMF accuracy for PCVA was 93.0%. Interpretation: The results suggest that SmartVA can, with reasonable accuracy, predict the broad cause of death groups important to assess a population's epidemiological transition. VA remains a useful tool for understanding causes of death where medical certification is not possible.

Truck drivers' traffic accidents in the State of São Paulo: prevalence and predictors. / Acidentes de trânsito envolvendo motoristas de caminhão no Estado de São Paulo: prevalência e preditores.

Abstract The mortality rate of traffic accidents (TA) is high in Brazil. Trucks are the second category of motor vehicles most often involved in TA. However, few studies have addressed the issue of TA among these professionals. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of TA and their predictors in a sample of 684 truck drivers recruited in the state of São Paulo during 2012 and 2013. We requested participants to answer a research instrument on their personal and occupational data and their involvement in TA and traffic violations. A logistic regression model was developed to identify TA predictors. Almost 11% of the respondents suffered at least one TA in that timeframe. We identified the following TA predictors: having few years of experience as professional drivers (OR = 1.86; CI 95% = 1.05-3.38; p = 0.036); receiving some traffic tickets (OR = 1.91; CI 95% = 1.04-3.66; p = 0.043) and working more than 12 hours daily (OR = 1.84; CI 95% = 1.04-3.24; p = 0.034). Given those results, we suggest the development of a joint action among all the involved social stakeholders in order to negotiate truck drivers' work organization aiming at reducing behaviors that may lead to traffic accidents.

Prevalence of at-risk drinking among Brazilian truck drivers and its interference on the performance of executive cognitive tasks.

BACKGROUND: Binge drinking (BD) has been associated with an increase in the risk of alcohol-related injuries. Alcohol continues to be the main substance consumed by truck drivers, a population of special concern, since they are often involved in traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of BD and its interference in the executive functioning among truck drivers in Sao Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: A non-probabilistic sample of 684 truck drivers was requested to answer a structured research instrument on their demographic data and alcohol use. They performed cognitive tests to assess their executive functioning and inventories about confounding variables. The participants were then divided according to their involvement in BD. RESULTS: 17.5% of the interviewees have reported being engaged in BD. Binge drinkers showed a better performance on one test, despite having done so at the expense of more mistakes and lower accuracy. More interestingly, binge drinkers took three seconds longer than non-binge drinkers to inhibit an inadequate response, which is worrisome in the context of traffic. Overall, the deleterious effect of BD on performance remained after controlling for the effects of confounding variables in regression logistic models. CONCLUSIONS: As the use of alcohol among truck drivers may be as a way to get by with their work conditions, we believe that a negotiation between their work organization and public authorities would reduce such use, preventing negative interferences on truck drivers' cognitive functioning, which by its turn may also prevent traffic accidents.

Acidentes de trânsito envolvendo motoristas de caminhão no Estado de São Paulo: prevalência e preditores / Truck drivers’ traffic accidents in the State of São Paulo: prevalence and predictors

Resumo A taxa de mortalidade por acidentes de trânsito (AT) é alta no Brasil. Os caminhões são a segunda categoria de veículos automotores mais envolvida em AT, entretanto, poucos estudos focaram o tema entre esses profissionais. O objetivo do estudo foi estimar a prevalência de AT e preditores em uma amostra de 684 motoristas recrutados no Estado de São Paulo, durante 2012 e 2013. Os participantes foram solicitados a responder um instrumento de pesquisa sobre informações pessoais, ocupacionais e envolvimento em violações de trânsito e AT. Um modelo de regressão logística foi desenvolvido para identificar os preditores de AT. Quase 11% dos entrevistados sofreram algum AT no período. Os seguintes fatores preditores de AT foram identificados: poucos anos de experiência como motorista profissional (RC = 1,86; IC95% = 1,05-3,38; p = 0,036); cometer alguma multa de trânsito (RC = 1,91; IC95% = 1,04-3,66; p = 0,043) e trabalhar mais de doze horas diárias (RC = 1,84; IC95% = 1,04-3,24; p = 0,034). Diante desses resultados, sugerimos o desenvolvimento de uma ação conjunta entre todos os atores sociais envolvidos com fins de negociar a organização de trabalho dos motoristas de caminhão, visando então a redução da emissão de comportamentos que possam evoluir para acidentes de trânsito.

Abstract Abstract The mortality rate of traffic accidents (TA) is high in Brazil. Trucks are the second category of motor vehicles most often involved in TA. However, few studies have addressed the issue of TA among these professionals. The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of TA and their predictors in a sample of 684 truck drivers recruited in the state of São Paulo during 2012 and 2013. We requested participants to answer a research instrument on their personal and occupational data and their involvement in TA and traffic violations. A logistic regression model was developed to identify TA predictors. Almost 11% of the respondents suffered at least one TA in that timeframe. We identified the following TA predictors: having few years of experience as professional drivers (OR = 1.86; CI 95% = 1.05-3.38; p = 0.036); receiving some traffic tickets (OR = 1.91; CI 95% = 1.04-3.66; p = 0.043) and working more than 12 hours daily (OR = 1.84; CI 95% = 1.04-3.24; p = 0.034). Given those results, we suggest the development of a joint action among all the involved social stakeholders in order to negotiate truck drivers’ work organization aiming at reducing behaviors that may lead to traffic accidents.

Body checking and eating cognitions in Brazilian outpatients with eating disorders and non psychiatric controls.

OBJECTIVE: Compare inadequate eating behaviors and their relationship to body checking in three groups: patients with anorexia nervosa (AN), patients with bulimia nervosa (BN) and a control group (C). METHODS: Eighty three outpatients with eating disorders (ED) and 40 controls completed eating attitudes and body checking questionnaires. RESULTS: The overall relationship between the eating attitude and body checking was statistically significant in all three groups. The worse the eating attitude, the greater the body checking behavior. However, when we look at each group individually, the relationship was only statistically significant in the AN group (r=.354, p=0.020). DISCUSSION: The lower the desired weight and the worse the eating attitude, the more people check themselves, although in the presence of an ED the relationship between body checking and food restrictions is greater. In patients displaying the AN subgroup, body checking is also related to continued dietary control.

Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers.

OBJECTIVE To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for.METHODS Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to identify factors associated with amphetamine use. Odds ratio (OR; 95%CI) was defined as the measure for association. The significance level was established as p < 0.05.RESULTS The studied sample was found to have an average age of 36.7 (SD = 7.8) years, as well as low education (8.6 [SD = 2.3] years); 29.0% of drivers reported having used amphetamines within the twelve months prior to their interviews. After demographic and occupational variables had been controlled for, the factors which indicated amphetamine use among truck drivers were the following: being younger than 38 years (OR = 3.69), having spent less than nine years at school (OR = 1.76), being autonomous (OR = 1.65), working night shifts or irregular schedules (OR = 2.05), working over 12 hours daily (OR = 2.14), and drinking alcohol (OR = 1.74).CONCLUSIONS Occupational aspects are closely related to amphetamine use among truck drivers, which reinforces the importance of closely following the application of law (Resting Act ("Lei do Descanso"); Law 12,619/2012) which regulates the workload and hours of those professionals. Our results show the need for increased strictness on the trade and prescription of amphetamines in Brazil.

Influence of pH change and water storage on the sealing ability of two resin-based root-filling materials.

AIM: To evaluate the Influence of pH change and water storage up to 90 days on the sealing ability of two resin-based root-filling materials. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four human mandibular single-rooted teeth were instrumented and filled with gutta-percha/ AH Plus or Resilon/Epiphany SE (n=20 per group). Two teeth each were used as positive and negative controls. Specimens were set for 7 days under 100% humidity at 37°C. They were allocated into two subgroups (n=10) according to whether they were tested immediately or stored for up to 90 days in water before testing. Sealing ability was evaluated by passive dye penetration. Absorbance at 630 nm (in µg/ml) was measured by spectrophotometry. The pH values were obtained in triplicate. Data were submitted to ANOVA by post-hoc Tukey's test (α=0.05). RESULTS: Specimens filled with Resilon/Epiphany SE exhibited more leakage than specimens filled with gutta-percha/AH Plus at the immediate time point (p<0.001). No differences were detected between the groups after storage, or between the materials with pH changes after 30, 60 and 90 days (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Gutta-percha/AH Plus provided superior sealing at the immediate time point. Water storage and pH changes did not Influence the sealing ability of tested materials. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: These results suggest that Resilon/ Epiphany SE sealer offered no apparent advantage over the more conventional gutta-percha/AH Plus sealer technique in terms of sealing ability.

Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers / Condições ocupacionais e o risco de uso de anfetaminas entre motoristas de caminhão

OBJECTIVE To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for.METHODS Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to identify factors associated with amphetamine use. Odds ratio (OR; 95%CI) was defined as the measure for association. The significance level was established as p < 0.05.RESULTS The studied sample was found to have an average age of 36.7 (SD = 7.8) years, as well as low education (8.6 [SD = 2.3] years); 29.0% of drivers reported having used amphetamines within the twelve months prior to their interviews. After demographic and occupational variables had been controlled for, the factors which indicated amphetamine use among truck drivers were the following: being younger than 38 years (OR = 3.69), having spent less than nine years at school (OR = 1.76), being autonomous (OR = 1.65), working night shifts or irregular schedules (OR = 2.05), working over 12 hours daily (OR = 2.14), and drinking alcohol (OR = 1.74).CONCLUSIONS Occupational aspects are closely related to amphetamine use among truck drivers, which reinforces the importance of closely following the application of law (Resting Act ("Lei do Descanso"); Law 12,619/2012) which regulates the workload and hours of those professionals. Our results show the need for increased strictness on the trade and prescription of amphetamines in Brazil.

OBJETIVO Testar se as condições ocupacionais de motoristas profissionais de caminhão estariam associadas ao uso de anfetaminas após o controle do efeito de características demográficas, de saúde mental e uso de drogas.MÉTODOS Estudo transversal, com amostra não-probabilística de 684 motoristas de caminhão, do sexo masculino, recrutada em três rodovias do estado de São Paulo, durante os anos de 2012 e 2013. Foram coletadas informações demográficas, ocupacionais, sobre uso de drogas e sobre saúde mental (qualidade de sono, estresse emocional e transtornos psiquiátricos). Foi desenvolvido um modelo de regressão logística para identificar os fatores associados ao uso de anfetaminas. A razão de chances (OR; IC95%) foi definida como a medida de associação e o nível de significância considerado foi p < 0,05.RESULTADOS A amostra estudada apresentou idade média de 36,7 (DP = 7,8) anos e baixa escolaridade (8,6 [DP = 2,3] anos). O uso de anfetaminas nos doze meses prévios à entrevista foi autorrelatado por 29,0% dos motoristas. Após o controle do efeito de variáveis demográficas e ocupacionais, os fatores preditores do uso de anfetaminas entre os motoristas de caminhão foram: ter menos de 38 anos (OR = 3,69), menos de nove anos de escolaridade (OR = 1,76), ser autônomo (OR = 1,65), trabalhar em turno noturno ou turno irregular (OR = 2,05), trabalhar mais de 12 horas diárias (OR = 2,14) e usar álcool (OR = 1,74).CONCLUSÕES Os aspectos ocupacionais estão intimamente associados ao uso de anfetaminas entre motoristas de caminhão, reforçando a importância da fiscalização da lei (Lei do Descanso; Lei 12.619/2012) que regulamenta a carga horária de trabalho desses profissionais. Os resultados mostram a necessidade de haver maior rigor sobre a comercialização e prescrição das anfetaminas no Brasil.

Gender-related associations of genetic polymorphisms of α-adrenergic receptors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and bradykinin B2 receptor with treadmill exercise test responses.

BACKGROUND: Treadmill exercise test responses have been associated with cardiovascular prognosis in individuals without overt heart disease. Neurohumoral and nitric oxide responses may influence cardiovascular performance during exercise testing. Therefore, we evaluated associations between functional genetic polymorphisms of α-adrenergic receptors, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, bradykinin receptor B2 and treadmill exercise test responses in men and women without overt heart disease. METHODS: We enrolled 766 (417 women; 349 men) individuals without established heart disease from a check-up programme at the Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School. Exercise capacity, chronotropic reserve, maximum heart-rate achieved, heart-rate recovery, exercise systolic blood pressure (SBP), exercise diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and SBP recovery were assessed during exercise testing. Genotypes for the α-adrenergic receptors ADRA1A Arg347Cys (rs1048101), ADRA2A 1780 C>T (rs553668), ADRA2B Del 301-303 (rs28365031), endothelial nitric synthase (eNOS) 786 T>C (rs2070744), eNOS Glu298Asp (rs1799983) and BK2R (rs5810761) polymorphisms were assessed by PCR and high-resolution melting analysis. RESULTS: Maximum SBP was associated with ADRA1A rs1048101 (p=0.008) and BK2R rs5810761 (p=0.008) polymorphisms in men and ADRA2A rs553668 (p=0.008) and ADRA2B rs28365031 (p=0.022) in women. Maximum DBP pressure was associated with ADRA2A rs553668 (p=0.002) and eNOS rs1799983 (p=0.015) polymorphisms in women. Exercise capacity was associated with eNOS rs2070744 polymorphisms in women (p=0.01) and with eNOS rs1799983 in men and women (p=0.038 and p=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that genetic variants of α-adrenergic receptors and bradykinin B2 receptor may be involved with blood pressure responses during exercise tests. Genetic variants of endothelial nitric oxide synthase may be involved with exercise capacity and blood pressure responses during exercise tests. These responses may be gender-related.

Sensory characterization of young South American red wines classified by varietal and origin.

Typicality is the set of sensory characteristics that identify a distinctive type of wine. Thus, the aim of this research was to identify the sensory characteristics that contribute to define typicality of young South American red wines based on their varietal and origin, and to evaluate the effect of the vintage on this identification. To achieve this objective, visual appearance, odor, and taste of 138 wines from 2 vintages were submitted to a sensory evaluation using a descriptive analysis complemented with the frequency of citation method, performed by wine experts. The intensity of 17 odor and taste attributes was evaluated using a 5 points rating structured scale. The panel performance evaluation demonstrated its high level of expertise and reproducibility. The wines were separated into 3 clusters by multivariate analyses. Cluster 1 was primarily composed of Carménère, Malbec, and Syrah wines from Chile. Cluster 2 was predominantly composed of Tannat wines from Uruguay and Brazil, while Cluster 3 contained a higher proportion of Malbec and Merlot wines from Argentina and Brazil. Cabernet Sauvignon was equally distributed into all clusters. Wine experts were able to identify the wines according to their varietal and origin, suggesting that there is typicality in young South American red wines. The combination of descriptive analysis with the frequency of citation was useful in characterizing most of the wines, but the typicality perceived by the panelists was not achieved by multivariate analysis. Vintage did not alter the sensory characterization of the wines, and this result could be due the new viticulture or oenological practices used by the winemakers to compensate the environmental variation.

Body checking and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in Brazilian outpatients with eating disorders.

OBJECTIVE: Compare obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN), and assess the association of these symptoms and body checking in each of these groups of patients. METHODS: Eighty-five female outpatients with eating disorders (ED) completed body checking and obsessive-compulsive questionnaires. RESULTS: Body checking was more prevalent in the BN group. Among patients with AN, the highest mean body-checking scores were found in patients with somatic obsessions related to body areas and eating rituals (p = 0.003 and 0.018, respectively). DISCUSSION: Patients with eating disorders are believed to be included in the obsessive-compulsive spectrum, and may experience intrusive thoughts about behavior. The results of our work suggest that obsessive symptoms and body checking should be further investigated and properly managed in patients with ED.

[Patterns of alcohol consumption among users of primary health care services in a Brazilian city]. / Padrões de consumo de álcool de usuários de serviços de atenção primária à saúde de um município brasileiro.

The scope of this paper was to identify alcohol consumption patterns among users of primary health care services in the city of Bebedouro in the state of São Paulo, verifying the association between usage patterns and demographic and behavioral variables of the sample. It is a cross-sectional study involving 755 subjects over 18 years of age who sought primary health care services in the city of Bebedouro. To investigate patterns of alcohol use, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used. For statistical analysis the chi-square and binary logistic regression tests were used. The results showed that 78% of users were abstainers or low risk users, 22% had problems with alcohol, 10% were risk cases, 2% were high-risk users and 10% probable addicts. The greatest predictors of usage risk were males, income > than 6 minimum wages and smokers; for addicts the most important predictors were: males, working in commerce and smokers. A significant proportion of users showed patterns of problematic use of alcohol, which reinforces the need for preventive actions, since the primary health care services are an excellent opportunity to combine opportunities for screening and usage strategies for reducing harmful effects related to the problematic use of alcohol.

Padroes de consumo de alcool de usuarios de servicos de atencao primaria a saude de um municipio brasileiro / Patterns of alcohol consumption among users of primary health care services in a Brazilian city

RESUMO Este estudo objetivou identificar o padrão de consumo de álcool de usuários de serviços da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) da cidade de Bebedouro (SP), verificando a associação entre os padrões de uso e as variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal envolvendo 755 sujeitos maiores de 18 anos, atendidos em serviços de APS. Para a investigação dos padrões de uso do álcool utilizou-se o AUDIT. Na análise estatística empregou-se o teste qui-quadrado e a regressão logística binária. Observou-se que 78% dos usuários eram abstinentes ou faziam uso de baixo risco e 22% faziam uso problemático do álcool, dos quais 10% uso de risco, 2% uso nocivo e 10% provável dependência. Os maiores preditores para o uso de risco foram gênero masculino; renda > que 6 salários mínimos e tabagismo; para provável dependência, os maiores preditores foram: sexo masculino, trabalhar no comércio e tabagismo. Parcela significativa dos usuários apresentou padrões problemáticos de uso de álcool, reforçando a necessidade de ações preventivas, pois os serviços de APS são excelentes espaços para combinar oportunidades de rastreamento e utilização de estratégias para redução dos prejuízos relacionados ao uso problemático do álcool. .

ABSTRACT The scope of this paper was to identify alcohol consumption patterns among users of primary health care services in the city of Bebedouro in the state of São Paulo, verifying the association between usage patterns and demographic and behavioral variables of the sample. It is a cross-sectional study involving 755 subjects over 18 years of age who sought primary health care services in the city of Bebedouro. To investigate patterns of alcohol use, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) was used. For statistical analysis the chi-square and binary logistic regression tests were used. The results showed that 78% of users were abstainers or low risk users, 22% had problems with alcohol, 10% were risk cases, 2% were high-risk users and 10% probable addicts. The greatest predictors of usage risk were males, income > than 6 minimum wages and smokers; for addicts the most important predictors were: males, working in commerce and smokers. A significant proportion of users showed patterns of problematic use of alcohol, which reinforces the need for preventive actions, since the primary health care services are an excellent opportunity to combine opportunities for screening and usage strategies for reducing harmful effects related to the problematic use of alcohol. .

Psychometric evaluation of the Body Checking Cognitions Scale (BCCS) Portuguese version.

The aim of this study is evaluate the psychometric results and validity of the Brazilian Portuguese language version of the Body Checking Cognitions Scale (BCCS). Factor analysis and concurrent validity were checked on assessments from participants with and without eating disorders. The scale had good internal consistency. Factor analysis confirmed four components. Control and Eating Disorders groups were discriminated, and results correlated well with the Eating Attitudes Test and Body Shape Questionnaire. The results for the Portuguese version of the BCCS were similar to the original version, and its use is recommended for evaluation of body-checking cognitions in the Brazilian population with or without eating disorders.