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1.
Med Trop Sante Int ; 1(3)2021 09 30.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35686173

RESUMO

Objective: We report in this work the efficacy of highly active antiretrovirals (ARVs) alone in the treatment of diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome (DILS) without the use of corticosteroids, which appears risky in patients living with HIV. Observation: This is a 60-year-old HIV-positive patient, discovered during the etiological workup of renal failure, which revealed a non-nephrotic glomerular profile. The renal biopsy found an interstitial infiltrate of CD8 suggestive of DILS. Management consisted in starting ARV treatment alone (lamuvidine, abacavir and raltegravir) without associated corticosteroid therapy. The clinical evolution under treatment was marked by a recovery of the renal function with a creatininemia at 99 µmol/l, a regression of the proteinuria, a CD4 rate at 293/mm3 and an HIV viral load at 533.3 copies or 1.6 log in the space of 3 months. Conclusion: DILS is a diffuse systemic disease in HIV patients who are usually under poor virological control. In view of the strong immunosuppression and the absence of other infiltrative diseases, it appeared to us to be risky and unjustified to add a corticosteroid therapy.


Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Transtornos Leucocíticos , Linfocitose , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade/efeitos adversos , Côte d'Ivoire , Infecções por HIV/complicações , Humanos , Transtornos Leucocíticos/complicações , Linfocitose/tratamento farmacológico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome
2.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot ; 113(4): 215-221, 2020.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33826271

RESUMO

Snakebite envenomation (SBE) is a public health issue in Africa, unfortunately neglected and underestimated. SBE is a medical emergency that can be devastating and lifethreatening. A retrospective study was performed from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016 in the general medicine department of the Regional Hospital Center (CHR), Sokodé. We included 91 SBE accounting for 5.7% of the whole hospitalizations in the general medicine department at the CHR of Sokodé. The median age of the patients was 34 [23.5-42] with male predominance (59%). Farming activities (75%) and walking (24%) were the most frequent activities when SBE happened, and they occurred mostly in rural areas (80%) during the dry season (56%). Echis genus (37%) belonging to the Viperidae family was the king of snake most often identified. Hospital admission time after a bite often exceeded 24 hours (44%). Clinical manifestations resulted in 76 cases of viper syndrome (83%) and 7 cases of dry bites (8%). Antivenom was administered in 84 cases (92%) within 12 hours (54%) after the bite with a minimum dose of 20 mL (43%). Observed complications were severe anemia (19 cases) and diffuse hemorrhage (32 cases). Case fatality rate was 9%. Antivenom is critical in cases of obvious SBE. High cost and poor access of antivenom, in addition to delayed care due to traditional treatment seeking behavior, are factors of poor prognosis.


Il s'agit d'une étude rétrospective des envenimations par morsure de serpent qui s'est déroulée du 1er janvier 2016 au 31 décembre 2016 dans le service de médecine générale du CHR de Sokodé. En un an, 91 envenimations par morsure de serpent ont été incluses. Leur fréquence dans le service de médecine générale du CHR de Sokodé était de 5,7 %. L'âge médian des patients était de 34 ans [23,5-42] avec une prédominance masculine (59 %). Les travaux agricoles (75 %) et les déplacements pédestres (24 %) représentaient les circonstances de morsure survenant surtout en milieu rural (80 %) et pendant la saison sèche (56 %). Le genre Echis (37 %) appartenant à la famille des Viperidae était le serpent le plus souvent identifié. Le délai d'admission à l'hôpital après une morsure dépassait souvent les 24 heures chez 44 % des patients. Nous avons observé 76 syndromes vipérins (83 %) ; sept morsures blanches (8 %). L'immunothérapie antivenimeuse a été administrée dans 84 cas (92 %) dans un délai d'administration de 12 heures ou plus après la morsure (54 %) et une dose minimale de 20 ml (43 %). Les complications étaient marquées par une anémie sévère (19 cas) et des hémorragies diffuses (32 cas). Huit patients (9 %) sont décédés. L'immunothérapie antivenimeuse est indispensable en cas de signes évidents d'envenimation. Son coût élevé et son accessibilité parfois difficile associés au retard de prise en charge en raison du recours aux soins traditionnels en première intention sont des facteurs de mauvais pronostic.


Assuntos
Mordeduras de Serpentes , Viperidae , Animais , Antivenenos/uso terapêutico , Hospitais , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Mordeduras de Serpentes/diagnóstico , Mordeduras de Serpentes/epidemiologia , Mordeduras de Serpentes/terapia , Togo
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