RESUMO
A novel series of 3,4-diaza-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-4-en-2-ones were designed and synthesized as H3R analogs of irdabisant 6. Separation of the isomers, assignment of the stereochemistry by crystallography, and detailed profiling of diastereomers 25 and 26 led to the identification of (1R,6S)-5-{4-[3-((R)-2-methyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy]phenyl}-3,4-diaza-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-4-en-2-one 25 as a potential second generation H3R candidate. Diastereomer 25 had high H3R binding affinity, excellent selectivity, displayed potent H3R functional antagonism and robust wake-promoting activity in vivo, and showed acceptable pharmacokinetic and pharmaceutical profiles for potential further development.
Assuntos
Agonismo Inverso de Drogas , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/química , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/farmacologia , Piridazinas/química , Piridazinas/farmacologia , Pirrolidinas/química , Pirrolidinas/farmacologia , Receptores Histamínicos H3/metabolismo , Vigília/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Desenho de Fármacos , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/farmacocinética , Humanos , Piridazinas/farmacocinética , Pirrolidinas/farmacocinética , Ratos , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A series of fused cyclopropyl-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3-one (3,4-diaza-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-4-en-2-one) phenoxypiperidine analogs was designed and synthesized, leading to the identification of (1R,6S)-5-[4-(1-cyclobutyl-piperidin-4-yloxy)-phenyl]-3,4-diaza-bicyclo[4.1.0]hept-4-en-2-one (R,S-4a) as a second-generation pyridazin-3-one H3R antagonist. Compound R,S-4a was a potent H3R functional antagonist in vivo in the rat dipsogenia model, demonstrated potent wake activity in the rat EEG/EMG model, and enhanced short-term memory in the rat social recognition memory model at doses as low as 0.03-0.3 mg/kg po.
Assuntos
Nootrópicos/química , Piperidinas/química , Piridazinas/química , Receptores Histamínicos H3/química , Animais , Transtornos Cognitivos/tratamento farmacológico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Cães , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Agonismo Inverso de Drogas , Meia-Vida , Haplorrinos , Memória de Curto Prazo/efeitos dos fármacos , Nootrópicos/farmacocinética , Nootrópicos/farmacologia , Nootrópicos/uso terapêutico , Piperidinas/farmacocinética , Piperidinas/farmacologia , Piperidinas/uso terapêutico , Piridazinas/farmacocinética , Piridazinas/farmacologia , Piridazinas/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Receptores Histamínicos H3/metabolismo , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A novel series of 4-pyridazin-3-one and 5-pyridazin-3-one analogues were designed and synthesized as H(3)R antagonists. Structure-activity relationship revealed the 5-pyridazin-3-ones 8a and S-methyl 8b had excellent human and rat H(3)R affinities, and acceptable pharmacokinetic properties. In vivo evaluation of 8a showed potent activity in the rat dipsogenia model and robust wake-promoting activity in the rat EEG/EMG model.
Assuntos
Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/síntese química , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/farmacologia , Propilaminas/farmacologia , Piridazinas/farmacologia , Receptores Histamínicos H3/metabolismo , Animais , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/química , Humanos , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Propilaminas/síntese química , Propilaminas/química , Piridazinas/síntese química , Piridazinas/química , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A novel class of 4-alkoxy-[1'-cyclobutyl-spiro(3,4-dihydrobenzopyran-2,4'-piperidine)] analogues were designed and synthesized as H(3)R antagonists. Structure-activity relationship identified sulfone 27 with excellent H(3)R affinities in both humans and rats, and acceptable pharmacokinetic properties. Further, compound 28 achieved single digit nanomolar H(3)R affinities in both species with minimum hERG activity.
Assuntos
Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/química , Piperidinas/química , Receptores Histamínicos H3/química , Compostos de Espiro/síntese química , Animais , Química Farmacêutica/métodos , Desenho de Fármacos , Interações Medicamentosas , Canal de Potássio ERG1 , Canais de Potássio Éter-A-Go-Go/antagonistas & inibidores , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Cinética , Fígado/metabolismo , Camundongos , Modelos Químicos , Ratos , Compostos de Espiro/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
A substantial body of evidence supports the utility of antiangiogenesis inhibitors as a strategy to block or attenuate tumor-induced angiogenesis and inhibition of primary and metastatic tumor growth in a variety of solid and hematopoietic tumors. Given the requirement of tumors for different cytokine and growth factors at distinct stages of their growth and dissemination, optimal antiangiogenic therapy necessitates inhibition of multiple, complementary, and nonredundant angiogenic targets. 11-(2-Methylpropyl)-12,13-dihydro-2-methyl-8-(pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-4H-indazolo[5,4-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazol-4-one (11b, CEP-11981) is a potent orally active inhibitor of multiple targets (TIE-2, VEGF-R1, 2, and 3, and FGF-R1) having essential and nonredundant roles in tumor angiogenesis and vascular maintenance. Outlined in this article are the design strategy, synthesis, and biochemical and pharmacological profile for 11b, which completed Phase I clinical assessing safety and pharmacokinetics allowing for the initiation of proof of concept studies.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Angiogênese/síntese química , Carbazóis/síntese química , Indazóis/síntese química , Receptor TIE-2/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/antagonistas & inibidores , Administração Oral , Inibidores da Angiogênese/farmacocinética , Inibidores da Angiogênese/farmacologia , Animais , Disponibilidade Biológica , Carbazóis/farmacocinética , Carbazóis/farmacologia , Humanos , Indazóis/farmacocinética , Indazóis/farmacologia , Macaca fascicularis , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Modelos Moleculares , Neovascularização Fisiológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Receptor Tipo 1 de Fator de Crescimento de Fibroblastos/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptor TIE-2/química , Proteínas Recombinantes/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Recombinantes/química , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Receptor 1 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptor 2 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptor 2 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/química , Receptor 3 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/antagonistas & inibidores , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Methods are presented to tritiate and characterize radioligand (3).
Assuntos
Agonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/farmacologia , Piridazinas/farmacologia , Pirrolidinas/farmacologia , Receptores Histamínicos H3/efeitos dos fármacos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização por ElectrosprayRESUMO
6-{4-[3-(R)-2-Methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy]-phenyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one 6 (Irdabisant; CEP-26401) was recently reported as a potent H(3)R antagonist with excellent drug-like properties and in vivo activity that advanced into clinical evaluation. A series of pyridone analogs of 6 was synthesized and evaluated as H(3)R antagonists. Structure-activity relationships revealed that the 5-pyridone regiomer was optimal for H(3)R affinity. N-Methyl 9b showed excellent H(3)R affinity, acceptable pharmacokinetics and pharmaceutical properties. In vivo evaluation of 9b showed potent activity in the rat dipsogenia model and robust wake-promoting activity in the rat EEG model.
Assuntos
Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H3/síntese química , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H3/farmacologia , Piridazinas/síntese química , Piridazinas/farmacologia , Pirrolidinas/síntese química , Pirrolidinas/farmacologia , Animais , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos H3/química , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Ligação Proteica/efeitos dos fármacos , Piridazinas/química , Pirrolidinas/química , Ratos , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Optimization of a novel series of pyridazin-3-one histamine H(3) receptor (H(3)R) antagonists/inverse agonists identified 6-{4-[3-(R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)propoxy]phenyl}-2H-pyridazin-3-one (8a, CEP-26401; irdabisant) as a lead candidate for potential use in the treatment of attentional and cognitive disorders. 8a had high affinity for both human (K(i) = 2.0 nM) and rat (K(i) = 7.2 nM) H(3)Rs with greater than 1000-fold selectivity over the hH(1)R, hH(2)R, and hH(4)R histamine receptor subtypes and against an in vitro panel of 418 G-protein-coupled receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes. 8a demonstrated ideal pharmaceutical properties for a CNS drug in regard to water solubility, permeability and lipophilicity and had low binding to human plasma proteins. It weakly inhibited recombinant cytochrome P450 isoforms and human ether-a-go-go-related gene. 8a metabolism was minimal in rat, mouse, dog, and human liver microsomes, and it had good interspecies pharmacokinetic properties. 8a dose-dependently inhibited H(3)R agonist-induced dipsogenia in the rat (ED(50) = 0.06 mg/kg po). On the basis of its pharmacological, pharmaceutical, and safety profiles, 8a was selected for preclinical development. The clinical portions of the single and multiple ascending dose studies assessing safety and pharmacokinetics have been completed allowing for the initiation of a phase IIa for proof of concept.
Assuntos
Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/síntese química , Piridazinas/síntese química , Pirrolidinas/síntese química , Receptores Histamínicos H3/metabolismo , Animais , Disponibilidade Biológica , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Cristalografia por Raios X , Cães , Agonismo Inverso de Drogas , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/farmacologia , Antagonistas dos Receptores Histamínicos/toxicidade , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Macaca fascicularis , Masculino , Camundongos , Microssomos Hepáticos/metabolismo , Permeabilidade , Piridazinas/farmacologia , Piridazinas/toxicidade , Pirrolidinas/farmacologia , Pirrolidinas/toxicidade , Ratos , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Solubilidade , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
A novel series of C-3 urea, amide, and carbamate fused dihydroindazolocarbazole (DHI) analogs are reported as highly potent dual inhibitors of TIE-2 and VEGF-R2 receptor tyrosine kinases with excellent cellular potency. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies indicate the optimal N-13 alkyl substitutions are n-propyl and i-butyl. The isopropyl carbamate 39 displayed good dual enzyme, cell potency, and rat pharmacokinetic properties for advancement to in vivo evaluation.
Assuntos
Amidas/química , Carbamatos/química , Carbazóis/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Indazóis/farmacologia , Receptor TIE-2/antagonistas & inibidores , Ureia/química , Receptor 2 de Fatores de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/antagonistas & inibidores , Administração Oral , Animais , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Disponibilidade Biológica , Carbazóis/síntese química , Carbazóis/química , Ativação Enzimática/efeitos dos fármacos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/química , Indazóis/síntese química , Indazóis/química , Camundongos , Camundongos Nus , Estrutura Molecular , Ratos , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The roles of aberrant expression of constitutively active ALK chimeric proteins in the pathogenesis of anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) have been well defined; nevertheless, the notion that ALK is a molecular target for the therapeutic modulation of ALK+ ALCL has not been validated thus far. Select fused pyrrolocarbazole (FP)-derived small molecules with ALK inhibitory activity were used as pharmacologic tools to evaluate whether functional ALK is essential for the proliferation and survival of ALK+ ALCL cells in culture. These compounds inhibited interleukin 3 (IL-3)-independent proliferation of BaF3/NPM-ALK cells in an ALK inhibition-dependent manner and significantly blocked colony formation in agar of mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells harboring NPM-ALK. Inhibition of NPM-ALK phosphorylation in the ALK+ ALCL-derived cell lines resulted in significant inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptotic-cell death, while having marginal effects on the proliferation and survival of K562, an ALK- leukemia cell line. ALK inhibition resulted in cell-cycle G1 arrest and inactivation of ERK1/2, STAT3, and AKT signaling pathways. Potent and selective ALK inhibitors may have therapeutic application for ALK+ ALCL and possibly other solid and hematologic tumors in which ALK activation is implicated in their pathogenesis.