Trichodysplasia spinulosa in a renal transplant patient.

BACKGROUND: Trichodysplasia spinulosa (TS) is a rare skin affection seen in immunocompromised patients, mainly those with solid organ tranplants. OBJECTIVE: To report a case of a patient with classic clinical and pathologic findings for the disease so that physicians caring for this population are aware of the clinical presentation. METHOD: We report the case of a female patient we saw at our clinic with a diagnosis of TS. RESULTS: The diagnosis of TS was confirmed by pathologic findings. CONCLUSION: TS should be considered in any immunocompromised patient with a papular facial eruption reminiscent of acne vulgaris and with keratotic spiny papules as a distinctive feature.

A classic clinical case: neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis.

BACKGROUND: Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis (NEH) is a rare condition described mostly in adult patients receiving chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia. When it affects the facial region, it can mimic cellulitis and delay the diagnostic, thus proper recognition is essential. OBJECTIVE: This article describes a classic case of NEH. We will review the diagnostic, the differential diagnostic (mostly cellulitis) and the management of this condition. METHODS: After a literature review, the patient's file was properly studied in order to portray a clear picture of this condition. Medical photographs and appropriate physical examination upon presentation are also included. RESULTS: The diagnostic for NEH was suggested by the clinical presentation and confirmed histopathologically (skin biopsy). CONCLUSION: The diagnostic of NEH is essential in order to prevent multiple unnecessary antibiotics.

Erythropoietic protoporphyria: spectrum of three cases.

BACKGROUND: Erythropoietic protoporphyria is a rare photodermatosis of childhood, and the diagnosis can be delayed. A deficient ferrochelatase enzyme leads to accumulation of protoporphyrins in the dermis, causing phototoxic burning. OBJECTIVE: To report three cases with great variability in severity of symptoms and age at diagnosis. We discuss clinical and biochemical findings, mutation analysis, and therapeutic options. METHODS: We report three cases with different degrees of photosensitivity, laboratory results, psychosocial impact, and preventive and therapeutic treatments. RESULTS: The diagnosis of erythropoietic protoporphyria was confirmed by both typical elevation of plasma porphyrins and the discovery of a mutated FECH gene. CONCLUSION: Erythropoietic protoporphyria should be suspected in any cases of childhood photosensitivity. Systemic complications are unusual. Mutation analysis confirms the diagnosis. Photoprotection is the cornerstone of treatment.

Propranolol in the treatment of problematic infantile hemangioma: review of 35 consecutive patients from a vascular anomalies clinic.

BACKGROUND: Propranolol, a nonselective ß-blocker, has been reported as efficient for controlling the growth of complicated infantile hemangiomas (IHs). No uniformly accepted protocol exists regarding the administration of oral propranolol for IH. OBJECTIVE: We sought to share our experience using propranolol for problematic IH and to evaluate the efficacy of this treatment modality. METHODS: A retrospective chart review analysis was performed for 35 consecutive children treated with propranolol as an oral solution on an outpatient basis in our dermatology/vascular anomalies clinic. A protocol was established with the help of our pediatric cardiologists, including pretreatment electrocardiography and echocardiography. Medical photographs taken after 2 months of treatment were rated by two independent evaluators. RESULTS: We treated 31 girls and 4 boys with a median age of 3.5 months. Rapid improvement was reported in the first days of treatment in 34 patients. Mean improvement after 2 months was 61.5%. No serious adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSION: Propranolol was effective in controlling the proliferative phase of problematic IH. It was well tolerated in our study. Outpatient treatment is possible if parents follow strict guidelines. Propranolol should be a first-line treatment for problematic IH in carefully selected patients.

Physician survey regarding patient nonattendance at follow-up appointments at a university-affiliated medical dermatology clinic.

BACKGROUND: Patient nonattendance is a frequent occurrence in dermatology clinics, and our responsibility regarding the follow-up of these patients remains nebulous. OBJECTIVE: This study sought to evaluate the beliefs and practices of physicians at a university-affiliated medical dermatology clinic regarding patient nonattendance at follow-up appointments and to provide an algorithm to deal appropriately with absentee patients based on various Canadian medical association guidelines. METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to the 17 dermatologists practicing at the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal medical dermatology clinic. We contacted provincial and national medical associations regarding directives for patient follow-up. RESULTS: There is a lack of consensus among dermatologists at the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal regarding responsibility toward patients who miss their follow-up appointments. However, the majority of survey respondents consider that patient follow-up must be adjusted on a case-by-case basis and that diagnoses at risk for high morbidity and mortality require particular attention, which is in line with various Canadian medical association guidelines. CONCLUSION: Dermatologists should have a structured approach to dealing with patients who miss their follow-up appointments to ensure the appropriate care of all patients.

Propranolol in the treatment of problematic infantile hemangioma: review of 35 consecutive patients from a vascular anomalies clinic.

BACKGROUND: Propranolol, a nonselective ß-blocker, has been reported as efficient for controlling the growth of complicated infantile hemangiomas (IHs). No uniformly accepted protocol exists regarding the administration of oral propranolol for IH. OBJECTIVE: We sought to share our experience using propranolol for problematic IH and to evaluate the efficacy of this treatment modality. METHODS: A retrospective chart review analysis was performed for 35 consecutive children treated with propranolol as an oral solution on an outpatient basis in our dermatology/vascular anomalies clinic. A protocol was established with the help of our pediatric cardiologists, including pretreatment electrocardiography and echocardiography. Medical photographs taken after 2 months of treatment were rated by two independent evaluators. RESULTS: We treated 31 girls and 4 boys with a median age of 3.5 months. Rapid improvement was reported in the first days of treatment in 34 patients. Mean improvement after 2 months was 61.5%. No serious adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSION: Propranolol was effective in controlling the proliferative phase of problematic IH. It was well tolerated in our study. Outpatient treatment is possible if parents follow strict guidelines. Propranolol should be a first-line treatment for problematic IH in carefully selected patients.

Propranolol versus prednisone in the treatment of infantile hemangiomas: a retrospective comparative study.

The goal of the current study was to compare the clinical effectiveness of oral propranolol with that of oral prednisone in the treatment of infantile hemangiomas (IH). Patients treated for IH with oral propranolol were retrospectively matched with patients treated with oral prednisone according to type, location, and size of the IH and age at start of treatment. Response to treatment was evaluated by rating serial medical photographs taken 1, 2, and 6 months after initiation of treatment. Degree of clinical improvement in overall appearance (including color and size) was rated as follows: worse or stable (0), slight (<25%), moderate (25-50%), good (50-75%), or excellent (>75%). A second assessment was done using a 100-mm visual analog scale to rate improvement at 6 months. Pre and post-treatment imaging was available for several patients. Twelve pairs of infants with IH were analyzed. At 1 month, clinical improvement in the propranolol group was moderate to good in all patients. In the prednisone group, only one patient had moderate improvement, with others showing slight (7/12) or no improvement or stabilization (3/12) from baseline and one case worsening. At 6 months, the propranolol group showed good to excellent response in all cases, whereas nine in the prednisone group showed slight to moderate response. Doppler ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging correlated with the clinical improvement in the cases in which it was performed. No major side effects were observed in either group. Propranolol appears superior to oral prednisone in inducing more-rapid and greater clinical improvement in this study. A larger prospective study comparing these two treatment modalities is warranted.