The Turkish version of the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ): Examination of the validity and reliability and scale structure.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ). DESIGN AND METHODS: This methodological study was conducted with 250 women who presented to three family health centers in Istanbul/Turkey between April and June 2022 and met the sampling criteria. Validity analysis was performed using the content validity index, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. Pearson product-moment correlation and Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficients were used for reliability analysis. RESULTS: To evaluate invariance of the instrument over time, test-retest measurements were conducted at least two weeks apart and showed no difference in mean scores (p > .05). Adjusted goodness-of-fit index >0.97 and comparative fit index >0.98 confirmed the construct validity of the Turkish PBQ. Each item had a content validity index of 96%. Corrected item-total score correlations ranged from 0.50 to 0.93. The Cronbach Alpha was found to be 0.96, indicating high internal consistency. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that the Turkish version of the PBQ is valid and reliable. It can be used as a measurement tool to determine the degree of maternal bonding in the postpartum period.

Risk status and traumatic birth perception in pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, the effect of high-risk pregnancies on pregnant women's perception of anxiety and traumatic birth was examined. DESIGN AND METHODS: Data in a comparative descriptive study involving 156 pregnant women, collected by pregnant information form, State and Trait Anxiety, and Traumatic Birth Perception Scale. RESULTS: It was found that 44.9% of the pregnant women in the study were between the ages of 24-29, 79.5% wanted to give birth normally, and 62.8% feared vaginal delivery. There was a low level of positive correlation between traumatic anxiety and perception of traumatic delivery in high-risk pregnant women, and a moderate positive relationship between traumatic anxiety and traumatic delivery perception in low risk pregnant women (p < 0.05). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: It is recommended to determine the risk factors that will create a perception of traumatic birth in pregnant women and to plan holistic care aimed at preventing traumatic births.

Scale for maternity role perceptions.

The purpose of this study was to develop and test the psychometric properties of the Maternal Role Perception Scale, a measure of motherhood, based on the perceptions of women. The 5-point Likert draft scale with 61 items was used. The data of 610 mothers were analyzed in the study. In the validity-reliability analysis of the scale, exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficients were used. As a result of the factor analysis, the scale consists of 28 items and two factors explaining 55.741% of the total variance. The internal consistency coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) of the scale was calculated as 0.952. The Maternity Role Perception Scale (MRPS) is a reliable and valid scale developed for Turkish women. Maternal role is affected by physical, psychological, social status and the life of the woman. It is recommended to apply MRPS on different samples.

Comparison of the effects and side effects of misoprostol and oxytocin in the postpartum period: A systematic review.

Follow-up of the side effects of uterotonics used for postpartum hemorrhage is one of the most important roles of health care providers. In this review, it is aimed to compare the side effects of misoprostol and oxytocin that are used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage. This systematic review was carried out in accordance with the guidelines for the Center for Reviews and Dissemination 2009 (CRD). Articles published in the PubMed, CINAHL, Wiley Interscience, Science Direct and Cochrane databases between 2010 and 2016 were examined. Finally, although 2277 articles were found to be related to misoprostol and oxytocin, only 12 randomized controlled (n = 6290) articles were included in the review. Results: In the misoprostol group, the rate of >500 mL blood loss was lower than that in the oxytocin group (p < 0.05). The groups were similar in terms of ≥500 mL blood loss were similar (p > 0.05). Although misoprostol was more effective than oxytocin in preventing PPH, the side effects of misoprostol were more. The incidence of drug-induced shivering, nausea and increase in body temperature were significantly higher in the misoprostol group than the oxytocin and placebo groups (p < 0.05). Shivering was most frequently seen in the 600 mg of sublingual misoprostol group (56.4%). Severe side effects of uterotonics used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage on maternal health were determined. Nurses and midwives should be aware of the side effects of uterotonic drugs and should develop care guidelines that explain the interventions to be performed in case of side effects.