Impact of Atmospheric Correction on Classification and Quantification of Seagrass Density from WorldView-2 Imagery.

Mapping the seagrass distribution and density in the underwater landscape can improve global Blue Carbon estimates. However, atmospheric absorption and scattering introduce errors in space-based sensors' retrieval of sea surface reflectance, affecting seagrass presence, density, and above-ground carbon (AGCseagrass) estimates. This study assessed atmospheric correction's impact on mapping seagrass using WorldView-2 satellite imagery from Saint Joseph Bay, Saint George Sound, and Keaton Beach in Florida, USA. Coincident in situ measurements of water-leaving radiance (LW), optical properties, and seagrass leaf area index (LAI) were collected. Seagrass classification and the retrieval of LAI were compared after empirical line height (ELH) and dark-object subtraction (DOS) methods were used for atmospheric correction. DOS left residual brightness in the blue and green bands but had minimal impact on the seagrass classification accuracy. However, the brighter reflectance values reduced LAI retrievals by up to 50% compared to ELH-corrected images and ground-based observations. This study offers a potential correction for LAI underestimation due to incomplete atmospheric correction, enhancing the retrieval of seagrass density and above-ground Blue Carbon from WorldView-2 imagery without in situ observations for accurate atmospheric interference correction.

Ocean PHILLS hyperspectral imager: design, characterization, and calibration.

The Ocean Portable Hyperspectral Imager for Low-Light Spectroscopy (Ocean PHILLS) is a hyperspectral imager specifically designed for imaging the coastal ocean. It uses a thinned, backsideilluminated CCD for high sensitivity and an all-reflective spectrograph with a convex grating in an Offner configuration to produce a nearly distortionfree image. The sensor, which was constructed entirely from commercially available components, has been successfully deployed during several oceanographic experiments in 1999-2001. Here we describe the instrument design and present the results of laboratory characterization and calibration. We also present examples of remote-sensing reflectance data obtained from the LEO-15 site in New Jersey that agrees well with ground-truth measurements.