Sustained deep-tissue voltage recording using a fast indicator evolved for two-photon microscopy.

Genetically encoded voltage indicators are emerging tools for monitoring voltage dynamics with cell-type specificity. However, current indicators enable a narrow range of applications due to poor performance under two-photon microscopy, a method of choice for deep-tissue recording. To improve indicators, we developed a multiparameter high-throughput platform to optimize voltage indicators for two-photon microscopy. Using this system, we identified JEDI-2P, an indicator that is faster, brighter, and more sensitive and photostable than its predecessors. We demonstrate that JEDI-2P can report light-evoked responses in axonal termini of Drosophila interneurons and the dendrites and somata of amacrine cells of isolated mouse retina. JEDI-2P can also optically record the voltage dynamics of individual cortical neurons in awake behaving mice for more than 30 min using both resonant-scanning and ULoVE random-access microscopy. Finally, ULoVE recording of JEDI-2P can robustly detect spikes at depths exceeding 400 µm and report voltage correlations in pairs of neurons.

Highly stable, 15 W, few-cycle, 65 mrad CEP-noise mid-IR OPCPA for statistical physics.

We demonstrate a 100 kHz optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier delivering under 4-cycle (38 fs) pulses at ~3.2 µm with an average power of 15.2 W with a pulse-to-pulse energy stability <0.7% rms and a single-shot CEP noise of 65 mrad RMS over 8h. This source is continuously monitored, by using a fast 100 kHz data acquisition device, and presents an extreme stability, in the short and long terms.

High dynamic, high resolution and wide range single shot temporal pulse contrast measurement.

A novel apparatus for the single-shot measurement of the temporal pulse contrast of modern ultra-short pulse lasers is presented, based on a simple yet conceptual refinement of the self-referenced spectral interferometry (SRSI) approach. The introduction of the spatial equivalent of a temporal delay by tilted beams analyzed with a high quality imaging spectrometer, enables unprecedented performance in dynamic, temporal range and resolution simultaneously. Demonstrated consistently in simulation and experiment at the front-end of the PW laser Draco, the full range of the ps temporal contrast defining the quality of relativistic laser-solid interaction could be measured with almost 80 dB dynamic range, 18ps temporal window, and 18fs temporal resolution. Additionally, spatio-temporal coupling as in the case of a pulse front tilt can be quantitatively explored.

4-W, 100-kHz, few-cycle mid-infrared source with sub-100-mrad carrier-envelope phase noise.

We demonstrate an optical parametric chirped-pulse amplifier delivering 4-cycles (38-fs) pulses centered around 3.1 µm at 100-kHz repetition rate with an average power of 4 W and an undersampled single-shot carrier-envelope phase noise of 81 mrad recorded over 25 min. The amplifier is pumped by a ~1.1 ps, Yb-YAG, thin-disk regenerative amplifier and seeded with a supercontinuum generated in bulk YAG from the same pump pulses. Carrier-envelope phase stability is passively achieved through difference-frequency generation between pump and seed pulses. An additional active stabilization at 10 kHz combining 2f-to-f interferometry and a LiNbO3 acousto-optic programmable dispersive filter achieves a record low phase noise.

Does the frequency of anxiety and depressive disorders differ between diagnostic subtypes of anorexia nervosa and bulimia?

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present work is to determine whether the prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders varies in subgroups of eating disorders (ED) according to age, ED duration, mode of care provision, and body mass index (BMI). METHOD: Using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), the frequency of anxiety and depressive disorders was evaluated in 271 ED participants. Their prevalence was compared in subgroups of anorexics (AN-R and AN-BN) and bulimics (BN), both before and after controlling for potential confounding variables. RESULTS: Current or lifetime comorbidity of anxiety and depressive disorders did not differ between AN-R and AN-BN groups. Social phobia, panic disorders, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) were significantly more frequent in AN-BN and AN-R groups. Panic disorder was more frequent in the BN group. CONCLUSION: Several confounding factors, in particular those identified in the present study, may explain previous conflicting results on the frequency of anxiety and depressive disorders in ED. Nevertheless, the study confirmed that OCD is more frequent in AN, even after controlling for confounding factors.