What influences informal caregivers' risk perceptions and responses to home care safety of older adults with disabilities: A qualitative study.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the factors that influence risk perceptions and responses by informal caregivers of older adults with disabilities. Methods: A descriptive qualitative study was performed, and the socio-ecological framework was applied to interpret the complex influences on individual risk perceptions and responses. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 16 informal caregivers of older adults with disabilities. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using content analysis. Results: The four levels of the socio-ecological framework successfully allowed for the analysis of influences on the risk perceptions and responses of informal caregivers as follows: at the individual level: previous experiences, personality characteristics, health literacy, and care burden; at the familial level: economic status, emotional connection, informational and decisional support; at the community level: health service accessibility and neighbor communication; and at the social level: responsibility-driven culture, media advocacy, and aging policies. Conclusions: The establishment of risk perceptions and coping behaviors by informal caregivers was affected by many factors. Using the framework to interpret our findings provided insight into the influence of these varying factors. Comprehensive, realistic, and achievable strategies are needed for improving the risk perceptions of informal caregivers in home care by addressing personal, familial, and social environmental factors.

Implementation of evidence in preventing medical device-related pressure injury in ICU patients using the i-PARIHS framework.

AIM: To examine the effectiveness of implementing the evidence in preventing medical device-related pressure injury (MDRPI) in intensive care patients. BACKGROUND: MDRPI is a common problem that significantly complicates patients' medical condition. However, evidence in preventing MDRPI is not properly implemented in clinical practice. METHODS: A pre- and post-implementation study was conducted using the Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework. A baseline survey was implemented; barriers and enablers of evidence implementation were analysed to inform facilitation support strategies, such as training nursing staff and developing resources and tools. Changes in nurses, patients and the system were assessed after evidence implementation. RESULTS: Nurses' knowledge scores and evidence compliance significantly improved. The incidence of MDRPI in patients decreased from 24.39% to 4.26%. Standardized care and workflows to prevent MDRPI were established. CONCLUSION: The i-PARIHS framework supported effective implementation of the evidence in preventing MDRPI, narrowing the gap between evidence and clinical practice. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: We provide an effective case of transforming evidence into practice based on the i-PARIHS framework. It can be used as a reference for colleagues in intensive care unit (ICU) or other settings to implement MDRPI prevention.

Multicenter comparison of the efficacy on prevention of pressure ulcer in postoperative patients between two types of pressure-relieving mattresses in China.

OBJECTIVE: Present study is designed to evaluate the effects of preventing pressure ulcer in surgical patients with two types of pressure-relieving mattresses. METHODS: 1074 surgical patients from 12 hospitals in China were divided into A group (static air mattress with repositioning every 2 hours, n = 562) and B group (power pressure air mattress with repositioning every 2 hours, n = 512). The patient was subjected to a pressure-relieving mattress and observed from 0-5 days after surgery. Indications include the Braden scores, hospital-acquired pressure ulcers (HAPU) incidence and stage. RESULTS: The Braden scores between two groups in five days after surgery were no significant (P > 0.05). The incidence of HAPU between two groups in same days also was no significant (1.07% vs. 0.98%, P > 0.05). The incidence of Stage I and stage II pressure ulcers in group A and B were 1.07% (6/562) and 0.98% (5/512), respectively (χ(2) = 0.148, P = 0.882). CONCLUSION: The effects of preventing pressure ulcer in surgical patients with two types of pressure-relieving mattresses are similar, but the protocol by static air mattress with repositioning every 2 hours is benefit when no power.

The incidence, risk factors and characteristics of pressure ulcers in hospitalized patients in China.

Pressure ulcers are very common in hospital patients. Though many studies have been reported in many countries, the large-scale benchmarking prevalence of pressure ulcers in China is not available. The aim of this study is to quantify the prevalence of pressure ulcers and the incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers and analyze risk factors in hospitalized patients in China. A multi-central cross-sectional survey was conducted in one university hospital and 11 general hospitals in China. The Minimum Data Set (MDS) recommended by European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (EUPAP) was used to collect information of inpatients. All patients stayed in hospital more than 24 hours and older than 18 years signed consent form and were included. Data from 39952 out of 40415 (98.85%) inpatients were analyzed. Of the 39952 patients, 631 patients (including 1024 locations) had pressure ulcers. The prevalence rate of pressure ulcers in 12 hospitals was 1.58% (0.94-2.97%). The incidence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers (HAPU) was 0.63% (0.20-1.20%). The most common locations developed pressure ulcers were sacrum, heels, and iliac crests. The common stages of pressure ulcers were stage I and II. Patients in Intensive Care Unit, Geriatric and Neurological Department were easier to develop pressure ulcers. The prevalence and incidence of pressure ulcers in China was lower than that reported in European and other countries. The stages of pressure ulcers in China were different than that reported in European countries. Our study provides with a baseline value for intensive research on pressure ulcer in China.