RESUMO
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a devastating disease that generally affects sheep and goats, mostly in Asia, the Middle East and Africa. The disease has been declared a target for global eradication. Despite its high prevalence in domestic flocks and its high seroprevalence among wildlife, it is rarely reported as a fulminant disease in wild ruminant species (with the exception of Central Asia). In this report, we describe a severe PPR outbreak in a zoo herd of Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana), causing the deaths of 2/3 of the herd. The clinical onset was acute with morbid animals exhibiting lethargy and watery-to-bloody diarrhea and death usually within 48 h. The most consistent gross pathologic findings were hemorrhagic abomasitis and enteritis. Oral lesions and pulmonary lesions were rare. Histology revealed necrohemorrhagic enteritis and abomasitis with myriad nuclear and cytoplasmic viral inclusion bodies. Molecular examinations confirmed the diagnosis of PPR and determined that the causative agent belongs to lineage IV. Further molecular examination showed that the virus belongs to the Asian clade of lineage IV and is closely related to a virus described in Turkey.
Assuntos
Peste dos Pequenos Ruminantes/patologia , Peste dos Pequenos Ruminantes/virologia , África , Animais , Animais Selvagens/virologia , Ásia , Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Feminino , Doenças das Cabras/patologia , Doenças das Cabras/virologia , Cabras/virologia , Israel , Pulmão/patologia , Pulmão/virologia , Masculino , Vírus da Peste dos Pequenos Ruminantes/patogenicidade , Prevalência , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Ovinos/virologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/patologia , Doenças dos Ovinos/virologia , TurquiaRESUMO
An outbreak of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) in cattle in Israel in 2006 enabled a comparison of the spatial distribution of epidemic exposure to EHDV with that of exposure to bluetongue virus (BTV), which is endemic in the country. The seroprevalence of both viruses was examined in 1650 serum samples collected from 139 farms representative of the spatial distribution of dairy cattle in Israel. A significant association between exposure to EHDV and BTV was demonstrated in both univariate and multivariate analyses. Recent exposure to BTV and EHDV (demonstrated by seroprevalence in calves) was clustered in different geographical locations, indicating that the two viruses had different patterns of spread, that of EHDV being influenced by winds and terrain barriers and that of BTV by herd immunity.