Acidentes e plantas hospedeiras associadas a lagartas urticantes / Accidents and host plants associated with urticant caterpillars / Accidentes y plantas hospedadoras asociadas a orugasurticantes

Introdução: Ambientes urbanos como áreas verdes, praças, parques e escolas estão se tornando cada vez mais propícios ao aparecimento de animais peçonhentos, dentre eles as lagartas urticantes. Acidentes com algumas lagartas urticantes podem ser graves, podendo leva ao óbito, como no caso do gênero Lonomia.Objetivo:descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes envolvendo lagartas urticantes no município de Chapecó, Santa Catarina e identificar espécies vegetais hospedeiras destas lagartas.Metodologia:Foram coletados os dados epidemiológicos dos acidentes com lagartas urticantes registrados no período entre 2016 e 2017. Os dados foram obtidos junto ao Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação.Foram analisadas as variáveis sexo, idade, parte do corpo acometida, os meses que houve as notificações, a ocupação dos indivíduos que tiveram contato com a lagarta, local em que residem, escolaridade e a espécie da lagarta envolvida. Ainda, foram identificados os espécimes coletados pelo setor de Vigilância em Saúde Ambiental, bem como foram identificadas as plantas hospedeira sem que foram encontrados.Resultados:Foram registrados 377 acidentes envolvendo majoritariamente o sexo feminino e a faixa etária entre 20 a 49 anos.As partes do corpo mais acometidas foram o pé (17,0%), mão (12,9%) e cabeça (11,4%). Foram identificadas seis espécies de plantas associadas à ocorrência de lagartas urticantes Conclusões:O estudo contribui com informações epidemiológicas sobre os acidentes causados por lepidópteros em um município de grande porte. Ressalta-se, a importância de ampliar as pesquisas em relação às plantas hospedeiras e a divulgação dos resultados visando a prevenção de acidentes (AU).

Introduction:Urban environments such as green areas, squares, parks and schools are becoming more and more favorableto the appearance of venomous animals, including urticatingcaterpillars. Accidents with some stinging caterpillars can be serious and can lead to death, as in the case of the genus Lonomia. Objective:to describe the epidemiological profile of accidents involving stinging caterpillars in the municipality of Chapecó, Santa Catarina and to identify host plant species of these caterpillars. Methodology:Epidemiological data on stinging caterpillar accidents recorded in the period between 2016 and 2017were collected. The data were obtained from the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. The variables sex, age, body part affected, the months of the notifications, the occupation of the individuals who had contact with the caterpillar, the place where they live, education and the species of the caterpillar involved were analyzed. Still, the specimens collected by the Environmental Health Surveillance sector were identified, as well as the host plants in which they were found. Results:There were 377 accidents involving mostly females and the age group between 20 and 49 years. The parts of the body most affected were the foot (17.0%), hand (12.9%) and head (11.4%). Six species of plants were identified associated with the occurrence of stinging caterpillars.Conclusions:The study contributes with epidemiological information on accidents caused by Lepidoptera in a large municipality. The importance of expanding research in relation to host plants and the dissemination of results aimed at preventing accidents are emphasized (AU).

Introducción: Los entornos urbanos como áreas verdes, plazas, parques y escuelas son cada vez más propicios para la aparición de animales venenosos, incluidas las orugas urticantes. Los accidentes con algunas orugas pueden ser graves y provocar la muerte, como en el caso del género Lonomia.Objetivo: describir el perfil epidemiológico de los accidentes por orugasurticantes en el municipio de Chapecó, Santa Catarina e identificar especies de plantas hospedadoras de estas orugas.Metodología: Se recolectaron datos epidemiológicos sobre accidentes de orugas urticantes registrados en el período entre 2016 y 2017. Los datos se obtuvieron del Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação(SINAN). Se analizaron las variables sexo, edad, parte del cuerpo afectada, los meses delas notificaciones, la ocupación de los individuos que tuvieron contacto con lasorugas, el lugar donde viven, educación y la especie de oruga involucrada. Aún así, se identificaron los especímenes recolectados por el sector de Vigilancia de Salud Ambiental, así como las plantas hospedantes en las que se encontraron.Resultados: Se produjeron 377 accidentes que afectaron en su mayoría a mujeres y al grupo de edad entre 20 y 49 años. Las partes del cuerpo más afectadas fueron el pie (17,0%), mano (12,9%) y cabeza (11,4%).Se identificaron seis especies de plantas asociadas con la ocurrencia de orugas urticantes.Conclusiones: El estudio presentainformación epidemiológica sobre accidentes causados por lepidópteros en un municipio de gran tamaño. Se destacala importancia de ampliar la investigación en relación con las plantas hospedantes y la difusión de resultados orientados a la prevención delosaccidentes (AU).

Frugivorous butterflies from the Atlantic Forest in Southern Brazil (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) / Borboletas frugívoras da Mata Atlântica no Sul do Brasil (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)

Abstract: This study aimed to present a list of the species of frugivorous butterflies occurring in Atlantic Forests, in the Conservation Units: National Forest of Chapecó (FLONA), Ecological Station of Mata Preta (ESEC) and State Park of Araucárias (PAEAR) and adjacent forest fragments, located in the western region of the state of Santa Catarina. Three samplings were conducted between December 2017 and March 2018, totaling 24 days of collection in each sampling area. Van Someren-Rydon traps were used to capture frugivorous butterflies. There were 4,231 frugivorous butterflies belonging to four subfamilies, 12 tribes and 49 species. In all, 37 species of frugivorous butterflies were sampled in FLONA and 29 in adjacent forest fragments. In ESEC, 29 species and 33 in adjacent forest fragments. In PAEAR, 33 species and 28 in adjacent forest fragments. Of the total species registered, 15 species are new records for the state of Santa Catarina and 11 are new records for the western region of the state. The most abundant species for FLONA were: Manataria hercyna (Hübner, 1821) and Hermeuptychia sp. In ESEC, were Hermeuptychia sp. and Yphthimoides ordinaria (Freitas, Kaminski & Mielke, 2012). In PAEAR, greater abundance of Forsterinaria quantius (Godart, 1824) and Eryphanes reevesii (Doubleday, 1849) were verified. For the adjacent forest fragments to Conservation Units, there was a greater abundance of Hermeuptychia sp., Moneuptychia soter (Butler, 1877), Morpho epistrophus (Fabricius, 1796) e Forsterinaria quantius (Godart, 1824). Satyrinae presented higher richness (S = 34) and abundance (90.58%) in all areas sampled. The rarefaction and extrapolation curves for the Conservation Units and adjacent forest fragments showed a greater rise in the FLONA and PAEAR sampling units and their adjacent forest fragments. The estimated sampling coverage for Conservation Unit and forest fragments was above 97%. The richness calculated through the Jackknife 1 estimator, for the FLONA and PAEAR samplings, presented a value of 50.75 and 37.09, respectively. The fauna of frugivorous butterflies from this region, first investigated in areas of Conservation Units, showed to be expressive and well represented in the Atlantic Forest Biome, indicating its potential as a refuge for biodiversity.

Resumo: O estudo teve como objetivo elaborar uma lista das espécies de borboletas frugívoras ocorrentes em florestas da Mata Atlântica, nas Unidades de Conservação: Floresta Nacional de Chapecó (FLONA), Estação Ecológica da Mata Preta (ESEC) e Parque Estadual das Araucárias (PAEAR) e fragmentos florestais adjacentes, localizados na Região Oeste de Santa Catarina. Foram realizadas três campanhas de coletas entre dezembro de 2017 e março de 2018, totalizando 24 dias de coletas em cada área amostral. Para a captura das borboletas frugívoras, foram utilizadas armadilhas Van Someren-Rydon. Foram registradas 4231 borboletas frugívoras pertencentes a quatro subfamílias, 12 tribos e 49 espécies. Foram amostradas 37 espécies de borboletas frugívoras na FLONA e 29 nos fragmentos florestais adjacentes. Na ESEC 29 espécies e 33 nos fragmentos florestais adjacentes. No PAEAR 33 espécies e 28 nos fragmentos florestais adjacentes. Do total de espécies registradas, 15 espécies de borboletas frugívoras são novos registros para o estado de Santa Catarina e 11 são novos registros para a região oeste do estado. As espécies mais abundantes para a FLONA foram: Manataria hercyna (Hübner, 1821) e Hermeuptychia sp. Na ESEC, foram Hermeuptychia sp. e Yphthimoides ordinaria (Freitas, Kaminski & Mielke, 2012). No PAEAR verificou-se maior abundância das espécies Forsterinaria quantius (Godart, 1824) e Eryphanes reevesii (Doubleday, 1849). Para os fragmentos florestais adjacentes das Unidades de Conservação houve maior abundância das espécies: Hermeuptychia sp., Moneuptychia soter (Butler, 1877), Morpho epistrophus (Fabricius, 1796) e Forsterinaria quantius (Godart, 1824). Satyrinae apresentou maior riqueza (S=34) e abundância (90,58%) de borboletas frugívoras em todas as áreas amostradas. As curvas de rarefação e extrapolação, para as Unidades de Conservação e fragmentos florestais adjacentes mostraram uma maior ascendência nas unidades amostrais da FLONA e PAEAR e seus fragmentos florestais adjacentes. A cobertura estimada de amostragem para as borboletas frugívoras, para as Unidades de Conservação e fragmentos florestais, ficou acima de 97%. A riqueza calculada através do estimador Jackknife 1, mostrou-se superior à riqueza observada, sendo que para as amostragens na FLONA e PAEAR, o estimador apresentou um valor de 50,75 e 37,09, respectivamente. A fauna de borboletas frugívoras da região, investigada pela primeira vez em áreas de Unidades de Conservação, mostrou-se bastante expressiva e bem representada no Bioma Mata Atlântica, indicando seu potencial como refúgio da biodiversidade.

Prevalence and predictive factors for peri-implant disease and implant failure: a cross-sectional analysis.

BACKGROUND: Long-term studies worldwide indicate that peri-implant inflammation is a frequent finding and that the prevalence of peri-implantitis correlates with loading time. Implant loss, although less frequent, has serious oral health and economic consequences. An understanding of predictive factors for peri-implant disease and implant loss would help providers and patients make informed decisions. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 96 patients with 225 implants that were placed between 1998 and 2003. Implant placement data were collected from patient records, and patients presented for a clinical and radiographic follow-up examination. Implant status and periodontal status were determined, the data were analyzed to determine the prevalence of peri-implant disease or implant loss, and a predictive model was tested. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time for the patients was 10.9 years. The implant survival rate was 91.6%. Peri-implant mucositis was found in 33% of the implants and 48% of the patients, and peri-implantitis occurred in 16% of the implants and 26% of the patients. Individuals with peri-implantitis were twice as likely to report a problem with an implant as individuals with healthy implants. Peri-implantitis is associated with younger ages and diabetes at the time of placement and with periodontal status at the time of follow-up. Implant loss is associated with diabetes, immediate placement, and larger-diameter implants. CONCLUSIONS: One in four patients and one in six implants have peri-implantitis after 11 years. The data suggest that periodontal and diabetes status of the patient may be useful for predicting implant outcomes.

Evolução da infestação por aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) nos municípios do oeste do estado de Santa Catarina / Evolution of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) infestation in the western municipalities of Santa Catarina State

Este estudo objetivou avaliar a evolução da infestação de Aedes aegypti e sua relação com fatores climáticos. Os dados secundários foram obtidos no sistema de informações da DIVE-SC, referente aos focos de Aedes aegypti de 2008 a 2013, nos 37 municípios a 4ª Regional de Saúde de Santa Catarina. Os dados relativos à pluviometria e temperatura foram fornecidos pela EPAGRI. Foram registrados 2.448 focos em 14 dos 37 municípios estudados. No ano de 2013, houve um crescimento de 100% no número de municípios com a presença do vetor. A maior taxa foi, em 2013, no município de Guatambu. Os focos que ocorreram nos meses de setembro e outubro estão associados com a pluviosidade, enquanto que os focos de novembro, janeiro, fevereiro e março estão associados com as altas temperaturas e, dezembro, com ambos os fatores. Os resultados auxiliam no entendimento dos fatores de risco para a ocorrência da transmissão viral da dengue na região e poderão auxiliar na implementação de políticas públicas de prevenção à doença.

This study aimed to evaluate the evolution of Aedes aegypti infestation and its relation to climatic factors. The secondary data obtained from the DIVE-SC, relating to outbreaks of Aedes aegypti from 2008 to 2013, in the 37 municipalities that make up the 4th Regional Health of Santa Catarina. The data on rainfall and temperature were provided by the EPAGRI-SC. 2,448 outbreaks were reported in 14 of the 37 cities studied. In 2013, there was a 100% growth in the number of municipalities with the presence of the vector. The highest rate was, in 2013, in the municipality of Guatambú. The outbreaks that occurred in the months of September and October are associated with rainfall, whereas the outbreaks of November, January, February and March are associated with high temperatures and, in December, with both factors. These results will help in understanding the risk factors for the occurrence of dengue virus transmission in the region and may assist in the implementation of public policies to prevent this disease.

Role of fibroblast populations in peri-implantitis.

PURPOSE: To understand the contribution of stromal cells, such as granulation tissue fibroblasts, to peri-implantitis with regard to (1) the secretion of constitutive factors promoting migration/survival of infiltrates into osseointegrated sites; and (2) the effect of exogenous infiltrate cytokines on the cells' secretion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fibroblasts were cultured from eight peri-implantitis sites. Multiplexed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify factors secreted by the cells either unstimulated or stimulated with gamma interferon (IFN gamma), interleukin 4 (IL4), or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha). Controls consisted of fibroblasts cultured from healthy gingival and chronic periodontitis granulation tissues. RESULTS: Peri-implantitis fibroblasts differed significantly from periodontitis fibroblasts in their reduced secretion of the collagen inducer transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta 1) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1. The cells exhibited enhanced secretion of angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and collagenolytic matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) compared to both healthy and periodontitis fibroblasts. Fibroblasts from both periodontitis and peri-implantitis sites exhibited a pronounced proinflammatory profile compared to normal gingival fibroblasts with respect to secretion of chemokines IL6, IL8, and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1). Fibroblasts stimulated with TNF alpha showed increased levels of IL6, IL8, MCP1; neutrophil chemokine growth-related oncogene alpha stimulation with IFN gamma increased MCP1; and stimulation with IL4 increased VEGF. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that peri-implantitis fibroblasts represent a distinct stromal population. The cells might participate in the pathogenesis of peri-implantitis by up-regulating both vascularity and matrix breakdown, thus promoting migration/maintenance of infiltrates into the site. Cytokines produced by infiltrates could enhance the inflammatory nature of the cells in a self-feeding loop.

Cutting edge: proliferating fibroblasts respond to collagenous C1q with phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and apoptotic features.

Interactions of C1q collagen tails with human fibroblasts induce G(1) mitotic arrest. The hypothesis tested in this study is that the antiproliferative effect of C1q tails is mediated through activation of stress responsive pathway(s). Upon C1q treatment, proliferating fibroblasts were examined by immunoblotting with a panel of Abs to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily. The cells selectively increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, upstream dual activator MAPK kinase 3/6, and downstream transcription factors activating transcription factor 2, ETS domain transcription factor 1, and C/EBP homologous protein in a time-dependent manner. Phosphorylations were mediated, in part, by ligation of surface C1q tail-binding calreticulin. These events correlated with the appearance of apoptotic nuclei and DNA fragmentation in the cultures, which increased with a time response curve. The apoptotic features were linked to p38 activities because the selective inhibitor SB203580 prevented both phosphorylation of the pathway and DNA fragmentation. Hence, p38 activation might provide a molecular basis for linking mitotic arrest and apoptosis of fibroblasts by C1q tails.