RESUMO
CONTEXT: Poor anthropometric data quality affect the prevalence of malnutrition and could harm public policy planning. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to identify different methods to evaluate and clean anthropometric data, and to calculate the frequency of implausible values for weight and height obtained from these methodologies. DATA SOURCES: Studies about anthropometric data quality and/or anthropometric data cleaning were searched for in the MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases in October 2020 and updated in January 2023. In addition, references of included studies were searched for the identification of potentially eligible studies. DATA EXTRACTION: Paired researchers selected studies, extracted data, and critically appraised the selected publications. DATA ANALYSIS: Meta-analysis of the frequency of implausible values and 95% confidence interval (CI) was estimated. Heterogeneity (I2) and publication bias were examined by meta-regression and funnel plot, respectively. RESULTS: In the qualitative synthesis, 123 reports from 104 studies were included, and in the quantitative synthesis, 23 studies of weight and 14 studies of height were included. The study reports were published between 1980 and 2022. The frequency of implausible values for weight was 0.55% (95%CI, 0.29-0.91) and for height was 1.20% (95%CI, 0.44-2.33). Heterogeneity was not affected by the methodological quality score of the studies and publication bias was discarded. CONCLUSIONS: Height had twice the frequency of implausible values compared with weight. Using a set of indicators of quality to evaluate anthropometric data is better than using indicators singly. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration no. CRD42020208977.
RESUMO
Introduction: Food insecurity (FI) is a state characterized by instability and irregularity of access to food. This condition has negative impacts on dietary intake, affecting nutritional status and health condition. Objective: To evaluate the association between malnutrition and FI among communitydwelling older adults attended to under the Family Health Strategy (FHS). Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted using communitydwelling older adults attended to under the FHS in the municipality of Barreiras, in Bahia, Brazil. Between 2017 e 2018, we collected demographic, social, economic, health condition, lifestyle, anthropometric, and food consumption data. We evaluated nutritional status using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) and we assessed FI with the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Besides the chi-squared test, we carried out a binary logistic regression to verify the association between malnutrition and FI, adjusted for possible confounding factors. The significance level was p<0.05. Results: We evaluated 307 older adults with a mean age of 70.4 (±7.5 years). The prevalence of malnutrition/risk of malnutrition was 35.2% and that of FI was 63.5%. Households with older adults in moderate/severe FI presented almost three times more chance (OR 2.97; CI95% 1.37-6.44) of having malnutrition compared with those in food security. Conclusions: The study indicates that there is an association between household FI and malnutrition/risk of malnutrition among older adults from the FHS, especially among those in severe FI. This result attributes to FI the status of determinant of malnutrition in older adults within the context investigated(AU)
Introducción: La inseguridad alimentaria (IA) es un estado caracterizado por la inestabilidad e irregularidad en el acceso a los alimentos. Esta condición tiene impactos negativos en la ingesta de alimentos, afectando el estado nutricional y la condición de salud. Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación entre desnutrición e IA en adultos mayores comunitarios atendidos en la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (ESF). Materiales y métodos: Estudio transversal realizado con ancianos de comunidad atendidos en la ESF del municipio Barreiras, Bahía, Brasil. Entre 2017 y 2018, se recolectaron datos demográficos, sociales, económicos, condición de salud, estilo de vida, antropométricos y de consumo de alimentos. El estado nutricional se evaluó por la Mini Evaluación Nutricional (MEN) y la IA con la Escala Brasilera de Inseguridad Alimentaria (EBIA). Además de la prueba de chi-cuadrado, se realizó una regresión logística binaria para verificar la asociación entre desnutrición e IA, ajustada para posibles factores de confusión. El nivel de significancia fue p<0,05. Resultados: Fueron evaluados 307 ancianos, con una edad media de 70,4 (±7,5 años). La prevalencia de desnutrición/riesgo de desnutrición fue de 35,2% y la de IA de 63,5%. Los hogares con adultos mayores en IA moderada/grave presentaron casi tres veces más chance (OR 2,97; IC95% 1,37-6,44) de tener desnutrición en comparación con aquellos en Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutricional. Conclusiones: El estudio apunta que existe asociación entre la IA domiciliaria y desnutrición/ riesgo de desnutrición entre los ancianos de la ESF, especialmente entre aquellos con IA severa. Este resultado atribuye a la IA un estatus de determinante de la desnutrición en ancianos en el contexto investigado(AU)