[THE IMPLEMENTATION OF "EFFECTIVE CONTRACT" EXEMPLIFIED BY THE MEDICAL CENTER OF YAKUTSK].

The article considers issue of implementation of employment agreement by way of effective contract exemplified by the Yakutsk medical center of the Republic Sakha (Yakutia). The new job descriptions, criteria of effectiveness, ratings of implementation of functions of medical job position were developed. At that, mechanisms of registration and implementation of social guarantees in respect of health workers were proposed.

[Tertiary syphilis of the pancreas and liver in 82-year-old patient: case study].

It has been described a clinical case of late diagnosis of syphilis of the pancreas and liver of elderly patients. Two years before that it was wrongly diagnosed with cancer of the pancreas with liver metastases, and the patient was operated on with the imposition of cholecystostomy. It was conducted appropriate therapy and reconstructive surgery after verification of the diagnosis of syphilis of the pancreas and liver.

[Type 3 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis: an unusual variety of well-known pathology].

Light microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and submiscroscopy were used to study a renal biopsy specimen obtained from a 51-year-old old male suffering from type 3 membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN-3) concurrent with HCV infection. Along with the signs characteristic of MPGN-3 (glomerulosclerosis; crescents; subendothelial and subepithelial deposits; proliferation of mesangial and endothelial cells), abundant pro- and myelocytes were found in the glomerular capillary lumens with active granular formation in the Golgi apparatus and with granular exocytosis into the glomerular basement membrane. Apoptotic elements were recorded among both glomerular and tubular epithelial cells.

[Plasma membrane focal defects in structurally normal cells].

The technique of perfusion fixation through the rat kidney vasculature was modified to ensure the highest possible level of cell preservation close to that under in vivo conditions. Electron microscopic analysis of the tissue specimens treated in such a way revealed local defects of the plasma membrane in a number of cells than that otherwise looked normal. These findings together with the evidence for reparability of such defects and some data on the purely artificial nature of certain alterations should be taken into consideration in order to avoid misinterpretations while diagnosing the biopsy specimens.

[Renal tubular epithelocytic changes in hypercysteinemia and experimental chronic renal failure].

One group of adult male Wistar rats received DL-homocysteine, 13.4 mg/kg body weight every day (an HC-group) while the rats underwent subtotal nephrectomy (a SN-group) and were killed 3 weeks later. Both light and electron microscopies were used to analyze obtained renal specimens. A total loss of the brush border in some proximal tubular (PT) cells and an increase of autophagosomes and emergence of the loci of disorganized cytoplasm were observed in the HC-group, while in the SN-group there was a significant increase in the number and size of secondary lysosomes and of foci of the cytoplasmic disorganization.

Deposition in porous media and clogging on the field scale.

Deposition is modeled as a first order reaction on the Darcy scale for porous media which are statistically homogeneous. An elementary analytical solution is derived. A parametric study was done with a three-dimensional code which is briefly described and checked in media where the solution is known. The role of the parameters, including the artificial ones, is discussed with an illustrative example. When the Damköhler number is small, deposition causes smooth changes to the porosity field; the evolution of porosity is well described by the analytical solution. Very different results are obtained for large Damköhler numbers. The influence of the correlation of the initial porosity field is studied.

Lectin-like center in the molecule of alpha-chymotrypsin: formation of complexes with peroxidase and artificially glycosylated alpha-chymotrypsin.

Using the system of reversed micelles of Aerosol OT1 in octane as an instrument revealing the possibility of supramolecular structures formation, we have shown that the native alpha-chymotrypsin can form complexes with glycoproteins. Dimers of the native alpha-chymotrypsin with the artificially glycosylated one and with horseradish peroxidase (natural glycoprotein) were obtained. The position of the optimum on the dependence of the catalytic activity upon the hydration degree confirms the compact organization of the formed complexes. The ability of alpha-chymotrypsin to form such kind of complexes seems to play a key role in its absorption on glycocalix in vivo.

[Radiation damages in human lymphocytes studied by micronucleus and chromosomal analysis]. / Issledovanie radiatsionnykh povrezhdenii v limfotsitakh cheloveka metodom mikroiadernogo i khromosomnogo analiza.

It was shown that the dependence of the micronucleus number and chromosome aberration on irradiation dose is linear quadratic, the values of linear coefficient being different. The distribution of ameliorators and children from the areas with higher irradiation level by micronucleus test conforms to Poisson distribution, while the distribution by chromosomal analysis approaches to binomial distribution.

[Protein degradation during the interphase death of thymocytes induced by radiation and dexamethasone]. / Issledovanie degradatsii belkov pri interfaznoi gibeli timotsitov, indutsirovannoi radiatsiei i deksametazonom.

A study was made of protein degradation in rat thymocytes after exposure to ionizing radiation and dexamethasone. The pattern of degradation of 35S-methionine labelled proteins in gamma-irradiated cells and in those incubated in the presence of dexamethasone did not vary from that in control cells. No essential increase was noted in the intracellular protein degradation during interphase death of thymocytes.

[Mechanism of thymocyte death in exposure to ultrahigh doses of gamma radiation]. / Issledovanie mekhanizma gibeli timotsitov pri vozdeistvii sverkhvysokikh doz gamma-izlucheniia.

A comparative study was made of the morphological and biochemical indices of rat thymus cells after gamma-irradiation with doses of 4-10 Gy (median), 20 Gy (high), and 200-400 Gy (superhigh). It was shown that 4 h after irradiation with superhigh doses the yield of polydeoxynucleotides (PDN) was twice as low as that observed after doses of 4-10 Gy. 24 h after irradiation the amount of the extracted PDN in thymocytes exposed to superhigh doses was markedly larger than that after 4 hours. After all doses applied chromatin degradation occurred at the internucleosome sites in a strict order, the activity of acid and alkaline nucleases being unchanged. A large number of cells have normal nuclear structure 4 h after irradiation (200-400 Gy), as was demonstrated by the electron microscopy data, while in 24 h no intact cells were virtually found in the thymus which correlated with the changes in the PDN yield. The mechanisms of the lymphoid cell death under the effect of different radiation doses are discussed.

Degree of chromatin fragmentation and frequency of nuclear pyknosis in Percoll-fractionated thymocytes of irradiated rats.

The relationship between nuclear chromatin degradation to polydeoxyribonucleotides (PDN) and other features of interphase death were studied using thymocytes of normal and X-irradiated rats. Fractionation of the thymic cells in Percoll gradients was performed in order to separate dead from intact cells. The degree of radiation-induced chromatin fragmentation, as assessed by electrophoresis, was similar for PDN from all Percoll bands. Following irradiation 87-98 per cent of 'heavy' thymocytes were pyknotic and almost devoid of receptors to autologous erythrocytes thus comprising a dead cell population. A direct relationship between PDN content and nuclear pyknosis was noted throughout the gradient. The loss of autologous rosette-forming ability was directly related to other indices of interphase death. The possibility of PDN originating from pyknosis-prone cells and the capacity of radiosensitive thymocytes to form autologous rosettes are discussed.

[Molecular mechanisms of interphase death of lymphoid cells. Distribution of transcribable sequences in products of the postradiation degradation of rat thymus chromatin]. / Molekuliarnye mekhanizmy interfaznoi gibeli limfoidnykh kletok. Raspredelenie transkribiruemykh posledovatel'nostei v produktakh posttradiatsionnoi degradatsii khromatina timusa krys.

The method of hybridization was used to study the presence of the transcribed sequences in PDN subfractions. As a component of mononucleosomes possessing a high electrophoretic motility DNA was enriched with the diverse unique transcribed siquences. It was shown that during the postirradiation degradation of the chromatin the mononucleosome fragments of PDN were mainly formed from the genome sites active in transcription whereas the high molecular weight fragments contained its repressed sequences.

[Study of the template properties and protein composition of the products of postradiation degradation of chromatin in the rat thymus]. / Issledovanie matrichnykh svoistv i belkovogo sostava produktov postradiatsionnoi degradatsii khromatina timusa krys.

In order to verify the assumption that the products of postirradiation degradation of the chromatin originate mainly at the genome sites active in transcription a study was made of the template activity of PDN, its sensitivity to DNAase I, and the protein composition of individual PDN fractions: The radiation-induced chromatin degradation in lymphoid cells was shown to occur in both the active and the repressed genome sites.

[Probing of the linear distribution of nucleosomes in chromatin]. / Zondirovanie lineinogo raspredeleniia nukleosom v khromatine.

The binding of the antibiotic dyes to chromatin fragmented by various ways and to preparations of "complete" (MH3, 206 DNA base pairs) and "minor" MH1, 155 DNA base pairs) nucleosomes was studied. The latter were obtained from the total hydrolysate of nuclear chromatin hydrolysis by Ca-Mg-dependent endonuclease, using preparative electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel. In liver chromatin of different vertebrate species the actinomycin D binding is decreased by 70% as compared to DNA binding, while that of ethidium bromide is reduced only by 40%. The splitting of part of internucleosomal DNA by Ca-Mg-dependent endonuclease further decreases the number of binding sites for ethidium bromide, but not for actinomycin D. MH3 bid 24 molecules of actinomycin D per 10(3) of nucleotides; their DNA contain 43.4% of GC-pairs. The GC content in MH1 is 47.7%; they bind 28 dye molecules per 10(3) of nucleotides. The data obtained are discussed in terms of possible predominant localization of nucleosomal cores in GC-pair-rich DNA sites.

[Hormonal nature of long-term reactions of cerebral vessels to stimulation of cervical postganglionic sympathetic fibers]. / O gormonal'noi prirode dlitel'nykh reaktsii mozgovykh sosudov posle stimuliatsii sheinykh postganglionarnykh simpaticheskikh volokon.

In anesthetized cats, single unilateral electric shock applied to the postganglionic cervical sympathetic pathway induced a decrease of cerebral flow for 45--90 min in parietal region by 21.7 +/- 0.9% in the gray matter and by 51.3 +/- 1.2% at the boundary of the gray matter. The systemic arterial pressure remained constant. The cerebral oedema occurred on the stimulated side. These reactions seem to be due to vasopressin participation.

[Participation of vasopressin and adrenal gland adrenaline in the mechanism of reflex coronary vasoconstriction]. / Ob uchastii vazopressina i adrenalina nadpochechnikov v mekhanizme reflektornoi koronarokonstriktsii.

In 17 acute experiments on sympatho- and vagotomized cats under chloralose anesthesia in conditions of stabilised blood pressure following bilateral common carotid arteries occlusion, similar coronaroconstriction occurred before and after adrenalectomy. The increase of latency and maximum of reaction were obvious in adrenalectomized cats as well as clear correlation between the coronaroconstriction and elective activation of HHNS as manifested in the increase of synthesis, transport, and release of vasopressin into blood flow. The data suggest participation of both endogenous vasopressin and epinephrine of adrenal glands in coronaroconstriction bollowing carotid occlusion.