RESUMO
In this study, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) were extracted from corb (Sciaena umbra) heads and thoroughly examined for their structure. Through cellulose acetate electrophoresis, the GAGs were identified as chondroitin sulfate (CS), with a recovery yield of 10.35 %. The CS exhibited notable characteristics including a high sulfate content (12.4 %) and an average molecular weight of 38.32 kDa. Further analysis via 1H NMR spectroscopy and SAX-HPLC revealed that the CS primarily consisted of alternating units predominantly composed of monosulfated disaccharides at positions 6 and 4 of GalNAc (52.6 % and 38.8 %, respectively). The ratio of sulfate groups between positions 4 and 6 of GalNAc (4/6 ratio) was approximately 0.74, resulting in an overall charge density of 0.98. Thermal properties of the CS were assessed using techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. Notably, the CS demonstrated concentration-dependent prolongation of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and thrombin time (TT) while showing no effect on platelet function. At 200 µg/mL, aPTT and TT coagulation times were 1.4 and 3.7 times faster than the control, respectively. These findings suggest that CS derived from corb heads holds promise as an anticoagulant agent for therapy, although further clinical investigations are necessary to validate its efficacy.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes , Sulfatos de Condroitina , Sulfatos de Condroitina/química , Sulfatos de Condroitina/farmacologia , Sulfatos de Condroitina/isolamento & purificação , Anticoagulantes/química , Anticoagulantes/farmacologia , Anticoagulantes/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Humanos , Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The industrial processing of Argentine shortfin squid to obtain rings generates a significant amount of protein-rich waste, including the skin, which is rich in collagen and attached myofibrillar proteins. This waste is generally discarded. In this study, skin was used as a source of proteins that were hydrolysed using Trypsin, Esperase® or Alcalase®, which released peptides with antioxidant potential and, in particular, antihypertensive (ACE inhibition), hypoglycemic (DPP-IV inhibition) and/or nootropic (PEP inhibition) potential. Among the three enzymes tested, Esperase® and Alcalase produced hydrolysates with potent ACE-, DPP-IV- and PEP-inhibiting properties. These hydrolysates underwent chromatography fractionation, and the composition of the most bioactive fractions was analysed using HPLC-MS-MS. The fractions with the highest bioactivity exhibited very low IC50 values (16 and 66 µg/mL for ACE inhibition, 97 µg/mL for DPP-IV inhibition and 55 µg/mL for PEP inhibition) and were mainly derived from the hydrolysate obtained using Esperase®. The presence of Leu at the C-terminal appeared to be crucial for the ACE inhibitory activity of these fractions. The DPP-IV inhibitory activity of peptides seemed to be determined by the presence of Pro or Ala in the second position from the N-terminus, and Gly and/or Pro in the last C-terminal positions. Similarly, the presence of Pro in the peptides present in the best PEP inhibitory fraction seemed to be important in the inhibitory effect. These results demonstrate that the skin of the Argentine shortfin squid is a valuable source of bioactive peptides, suitable for incorporation into human nutrition as nutraceuticals and food supplements.
Assuntos
Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina , Decapodiformes , Inibidores da Dipeptidil Peptidase IV , Peptídeos , Animais , Decapodiformes/química , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/farmacologia , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/química , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/isolamento & purificação , Peptídeos/química , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Inibidores da Dipeptidil Peptidase IV/farmacologia , Inibidores da Dipeptidil Peptidase IV/química , Hidrólise , Hidrolisados de Proteína/química , Hidrolisados de Proteína/farmacologia , Dipeptidil Peptidase 4/química , Dipeptidil Peptidase 4/metabolismo , Pele , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/químicaRESUMO
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) play a crucial role due to their significant biomedical functions. Chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS), the main representative family of GAGs, were extracted and purified from garfish (Belone belone) by-products, i.e., skin (GSB), bones (GCB), and heads (GHB), and their composition and anticoagulant activity were investigated. CS/DS were purified by ion-exchange chromatography with yields of 8.1% for heads, 3.7% for skin, and 1.4% for bones. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis was also explored for analyzing the extracted CS/DS. Interestingly, GHB, GSB, and GCB possessed sulfate contents of 21 ± 2%, 20 ± 1%, and 20 ± 1.5%, respectively. Physico-chemical analysis showed that there were no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the variances for sulfate, uronic acid, and total sugars in the GAGs extracted from the different parts of fish. Disaccharide analysis by SAX-HPLC showed that the GSB and GCB were predominately composed of ΔDi-4S [ΔUA-GalNAc 6S] (74.78% and 69.22%, respectively) and ΔDi-2,4S [ΔUA2S-GalNAc 4S] (10.92% and 6.55%, respectively). However, the GHB consisted of 25.55% ΔDi-6S [ΔUA-GalNAc 6S] and 6.28% ΔDi-2,6S [ΔUA2S-GalNAc 4S]. Moreover, classical anticoagulation tests were also used to measure their anticoagulant properties in vitro, which included the activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and thrombin time. The CS/DS isolated from garfish by-products exhibited potent anticoagulant effects. The purified CS/DS showed exceptional anticoagulant properties according to this research and can be considered as a new agent with anticoagulant properties.
RESUMO
Tub gurnard is a highly abundant fishery species caught as a discard in the Mediterranean Sea. This work proposes its valorisation through the release of potential antihypertensive peptides and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) through the controlled hydrolysis of tub gurnard skin proteins. Four proteases (Esperase, Alcalase, Trypsin and Pronase E) were used to obtain potent angiotensin converting enzyme I (ACE)-inhibitory hydrolysates. Peptides and GAGs were separated and evaluated for their antihypertensive potential by fluorometry. The peptide-rich fractions derived from the Esperase and Alcalase hydrolysates showed very low IC50 values (47 and 68 µg/mL, respectively). Only the GAGs from the Trypsin and Esperase hydrolysates were relevant ACE inhibitors (63 and 52% at 1 mg/mL, respectively). The peptide composition of the most potent ACE-inhibitory fractions derived from the Esperase and Alcalase hydrolysates (IC50 values of 33 and 29 µg/mL, respectively) was analysed by RP-LC-ESI-MS/MS. The analysis suggests that the ACE-inhibitory activity is related to the peptide hydrophobicity, as well as to the presence of specific residues at any of the last four C-terminal positions. The in silico gastrointestinal digestion of these fractions yielded small peptides with antihypertensive potential.
Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos , Perciformes , Animais , Anti-Hipertensivos/química , Hidrólise , Tripsina , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem , Hidrolisados de Proteína/química , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Peptidil Dipeptidase A/química , Perciformes/metabolismo , Subtilisinas/química , DigestãoRESUMO
This work studies the extraction and purification of a novel arabinogalactan from pistachio external hull. It was extracted with a simple method from pistachio hull which is considered as unexploited waste. Based on the results of sugar analysis by GC-FID, glycosidic linkage by GC-MS, NMR spectroscopy, and molecular weight by Size Exclusion Chromatography, pistachio hull water soluble polysaccharides (PHWSP) were identified as a type II arabinogalactan (AG), with characteristic terminally linked α-Araf, (α1 â 5)-Araf, (α1 â 3,5)-Araf, terminally linked ß-Galp, (ß1 â 6)-Galp, and (ß1 â 3,6)-Galp. DEPT-135, HSQC, HMBC and COSY NMR data suggested the presence of (ß1 â 3)-Galp mainly branched at O-6 with (ß1 â 6)-Galp chains, α-Araf chains, and terminally linked α-Araf. These AG from pistachio external hulls showed in vitro stimulatory activity for B cells, suggesting their possible use as an immunological stimulant in nutraceutical and biomedical applications.
Assuntos
Pistacia , Galactanos , Peso Molecular , PolissacarídeosRESUMO
Lipid-based drug delivery systems are widely used for enhancing the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. However, following oral intake, lipid excipients often undergo gastrointestinal lipolysis, which drastically affects drugs solubility and bioavailability. That's why developing new lipid excipients which are resistant to digestion would be of great interest. We studied here the potential role of the unconventional Chinese star anise whole seedpod oil (CSAO) as an alternative multifunctional lipid excipient. Pancreatic lipase-mediated digestion of the extracted crude oil emulsion was assessed in vitro. Pancreatic lipase, being a strict sn-1,3-regioselective lipase, showed a high (16-fold) olive oil to CSAO activity ratio, which could be attributed to fatty acids composition and triglycerides intramolecular structure. For the sake of comparison, the non-regioselective lipase Novozyme® 435 exhibited higher activity than pancreatic lipase on CSAO emulsion, perhaps due to its ability to release fatty acids from the internal sn-2 position of TAGs. Apart counteracting lipolysis, CSAO oil also showed additional biopharmaceutical benefits including moderate antioxidant and antihypertensive activities. Altogether, these findings highlight for the first time the potential use of star anise unconventional whole seedpod oil as a multifunctional lipid excipient for the development of new lipid formulations.
RESUMO
Foodborne diseases caused by resistance of microorganisms to multiple antimicrobial agents have emerged as a major public health concern around the world. The search for potential antimicrobials has resulted in the emergence of metal nanoparticles for protection against these infections. In this study an eco-friendly and green approach was used to biosynthesize hybrid Ag/AgCl nanoparticles (NPs), using levan from Bacillus mojavensis as a stabilizing/reducing agent, with a high efficiency against a broad spectrum of foodborne bacteria as well as biofilm formations. The morphology and physicochemical characteristics of levan-Ag/AgCl NPs were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy (UV), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The hybrid levan-Ag/AgCl was evaluated for antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus thuringiensis). The study demonstrated the strong efficiency of hybrid levan-Ag/AgCl NPs as a potent inhibitor against all tested strains, with much higher activity against Gram-negative than Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, bacterial strains were found to be highly sensitive to hybrid levan-Ag/AgCl NPs in comparison to the tested antibiotics. As a possible application of levan-Ag/AgCl NPs as an additive in packaging, PVA films with different amounts of hybrid levan-Ag/AgCl NPs were prepared by casting and their antibacterial, mechanical, and optical properties and ability to expand the shelf life of beef meat were explored. Interestingly, the amount of Ag leached out from films was below the permissible limit. This work demonstrates the strong antibacterial action of hybrid levan-Ag/AgCl NPs and their potential use in bioactive packaging material.
RESUMO
The present work deals with the extraction and purification of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate from skin (CSG) and bone (CBG) of corb (Sciaena umbra). Electrophoresis of these polymers in barium acetate buffer on cellulose acetate revealed two fractions similar to dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. The in vivo anticoagulant activity of both chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) were evaluated, at 25 and 75 mg kg-1 of body weight (b.w), using activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombine time (TT) and thrombin time (PT) tests. Results showed that aPTT of CSG and CBG at 75 mg kg-1 of b.w were prolonged by 1.59 and 1.48-fold respectively, compared with the control. Further, toxicity studies on liver performed by the catalytic activity of transaminases in plasma, oxidative stress markers and hepatic morphological changes demonstrated that CSG and CBG at both doses are not toxics. In summary, the higher activity and lower toxicity of both CS/DS, especially at 25 mg kg-1 of b.w, recommended these compounds as a better drug candidate.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/farmacologia , Sulfatos de Condroitina/farmacologia , Dermatan Sulfato/farmacologia , Peixes/metabolismo , Animais , Anticoagulantes/isolamento & purificação , Anticoagulantes/toxicidade , Testes de Coagulação Sanguínea , Osso e Ossos/química , Varredura Diferencial de Calorimetria , Sulfatos de Condroitina/isolamento & purificação , Sulfatos de Condroitina/toxicidade , Dermatan Sulfato/isolamento & purificação , Dermatan Sulfato/toxicidade , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Eletroforese em Acetato de Celulose , Feminino , Glicosaminoglicanos/isolamento & purificação , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Testes de Função Hepática , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos Wistar , Pele/química , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
The aim of this work was to evaluate some biological properties of hake head oil (HHO) as well its lipid composition. The fatty acid profiles showed a dominance of unsaturated fatty acids overtaking 55% of the total fatty acids. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles exhibited a dominance of EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) (3.96%) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) (25.39%). The antioxidant activity was determined through two different assays: DPPH scavenging activity and ß-carotene bleaching by linoleic acid assay. Eighteen mice were excised on their back and divided into 3 groups, treated with sterile saline, commercial healing cream and HHO, respectively. The wound closure rate, the hydroxyproline contents and the histopathology evolution in skin tissue were elaborated. Also, the anti-inflammatory activity was studied by carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema. Mice were divided into 3 groups treated respectively with sterile saline, anti inflammatory drug reference and HHO. The anti-inflammatory evaluation of HHO in mice exhibited an important inhibition of carrageenan-induced hind paws edema, as confirmed by the histological analysis, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level. HHO displayed a significant wound healing effect probably due to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of its EPA and DHA contents. The overall results proved that HHO might be favorable drugs who exert a great therapeutic potential wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects in animal model.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Óleos de Peixe/farmacologia , Gadiformes/metabolismo , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Análise de Variância , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Óleos de Peixe/uso terapêutico , Gadiformes/imunologia , Camundongos , Cicatrização/fisiologiaRESUMO
The polysaccharide preparation from Pimpinella anisum seeds (PAP) was isolated and characterized to evaluate its laser burn wound-healing and anti-inflammatory activities in mice. The structure characterization of PAP by Infra-red spectrometry (IR), Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Gas chromatogram-Mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and colorimetric methods revealed an optimum yield of 8.84%, a high quantity of carbohydrate (64.75%) and low levels of lipids, protein and sulfate. Galactose (33.47%), ß-d-Glucose (26.71%) and α-d-Mannose (18.21%) were the major monosaccharides components presenting in PAP, and a smaller amounts of ß-d-Galactose, d-Fructose, α-d-Glucose, α-l-Galactose and arabinose were detected. PAP showed noticeable antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The anti-inflammatory activity of PAP in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model in mice, demonstrated by reduced edema and cellular infiltration, and oxidative stress markers in muscle tissue. A beneficial wound healing effect was also revealed. The topical application of PAP based gel on laser burn lesions accelerates wound contraction, the re-epithelization and remodeling phases after seven days of treatment. The results demonstrated that PAP is a novel promising source of natural wound healing and anti-inflammatory drugs. The high content and varied PAP monosaccharides seem to be responsible for the observed biological activities.
Assuntos
Queimaduras/fisiopatologia , Pimpinella/química , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Sementes/química , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Queimaduras/etiologia , Lasers/efeitos adversos , Camundongos , Monossacarídeos/análiseRESUMO
Chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) were isolated and purified for the first time from the bone of corb (Sciaena umbra) (CBG) and their chemical composition and anticoagulant activity were assessed. Infrared spectrum and agarose-gel electrophoresis for extracted CS/DS were also investigated. The results showed that the purified CS/DS obtained at a yield of 10% contains about 31.28% sulfate and an average molecular mass of 23.35â¯kDa. Disaccharide analysis indicated that CBG was composed of monosulfated disaccharides in positions 6 and 4 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (8.6% and 40.0%, respectively) and disulfated disaccharides in different percentages. The charge density was 1.4 and the ratio of 4:6 sulfated residues was equal to 4.64. Chondroitinase AC showed that the purified CS/DS contained mainly 74% CS and 26% DS. Moreover, the new CS/DS extracted from bone of corb showed a strong anticoagulant effect through activated partial thrombosis time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT) and prothrombin time (PT). In fact, CBG prolonged significantly (pâ¯<â¯0.05), aPTT and PT about 2.62 and 1.26 fold, respectively, greater than that of the negative control at a concentration of 1000⯵g/mL. However, TT assay of CBG was prolonged 3.53 fold compared with the control at 100⯵g/mL. The purified CS/DS displayed a promising anticoagulant potential, which may be used as a novel and soothing drug.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/química , Anticoagulantes/farmacologia , Osso e Ossos/química , Sulfatos de Condroitina/química , Sulfatos de Condroitina/farmacologia , Dermatan Sulfato/química , Dermatan Sulfato/farmacologia , Animais , Anticoagulantes/isolamento & purificação , Fracionamento Químico , Fenômenos Químicos , Sulfatos de Condroitina/isolamento & purificação , Dermatan Sulfato/isolamento & purificação , Peso Molecular , UmbridaeRESUMO
A sulfated polysaccharide from Globularia alypum L. (GASP) was extracted with a yield of 14.2%. GASP is composed mostly of sulfate and total sugars (13.29% and 71.56%, respectively) with small amount of proteins and lipids. The chemical and structural characterization was studied by Infra-Red spectroscopic and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). GASP composed of eight carbohydrates where galactose, glucose, and mannose are the major compounds (33.47%, 26.71% and 18.21%, respectively). The in vitro and in vivo anticoagulant activities in rats were tested using the standard coagulation assays activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombine time (TT) and thrombin time (PT) tests. Both doses of GASP (200 and 500â¯mg/kg b.w) displayed a significant in vitro (1.22 and 1.33-fold, 1.17 and 1.27-fold, and 1.21 and 1.26-fold, respectively) and in vivo (1.47 and 2.52-fold; 1.20 and 1.43-fold; 1.21 and 1.40-fold, respectively) compared with the control. Toxicity studies on liver performed by the catalytic activity of transaminases in plasma, oxidative stress markers and hepatic morphological changes indicated that GASP at both doses are not toxics. The important pharmacological and toxicological profile of GASP revealed that this compound may be used as a novel and effective drug.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Plantaginaceae/química , Polissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Animais , Anticoagulantes/química , Anticoagulantes/isolamento & purificação , Testes de Coagulação Sanguínea , Cromatografia Gasosa , Humanos , Espectrometria de Massas , Tempo de Tromboplastina Parcial/métodos , Polissacarídeos/química , Polissacarídeos/isolamento & purificação , Ratos , Sulfatos/química , Tempo de Trombina/métodosRESUMO
Chondroitin sulfate was extracted from the cartilage of smooth hound (CSSH) and then purified by anion exchange chromatography. The structual characteristic of CSSH was evaluated by acetate cellulose electrophoresis, FTIR, 13C NMR and SAX-HPLC. Molecular weight of CSSH was average 68.78 KDa. Disaccharide analysis indicated that CSSH was predominately composed of monosulfated disaccharides in position 6 and 4 of the N-acetylgalactosamine (45.34% and 32.49%, respectively). CSSH was tested for in vitro anticoagulant activity using the three classical coagulation assays (activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombine time (TT) and thrombin time (PT) tests). The finding showed that CSSH prolonged significatively (pâ¯<â¯0.05), aPTT, TT and PT about 1.4, 3.44 and 1.21 fold, respectively, greater than that of the negative control at a concentration of 100⯵g/ml. The CSSH caused a significant antiproliferative activity against HCT116 cell, which was 79% of cell proliferation inhibition at the concentration of 1000⯵g/ml. Further, CSSH presented no toxicity against the normal cells and no hemolysis towards bovine erythrocytes for all concentrations tested. CSSH demonstrated hopeful antiproliferative and anticoagulant potential, which may be used as a novel and effective drug.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Cartilagem/química , Sulfatos de Condroitina/farmacologia , Animais , Anticoagulantes/química , Anticoagulantes/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/isolamento & purificação , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Sulfatos de Condroitina/química , Sulfatos de Condroitina/isolamento & purificação , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Células HCT116 , Hemostasia/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Tubarões , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
The present study aims to evaluate for the first time the wound healing and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of glycosaminoglycans from skins of smooth hound (SHSG) and grey triggerfish (GTSG). Thermal analysis of GTSG and SHSG was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The rheologie properties and water absorption capacity of two gels prepared from SHSG and GTSG were also studied. The application of GTSG and SHSG based gels on dermal full-thickness excision wounds in a mouse model, enhanced significantly wound healing activity and a total closure was achieved after eleven days of wound induction for SHSG. Further, histological examination of biopsies showed advanced tissue regeneration, characterized by the presence of well-organized stratum of both derma and epidermis. The anti-inflammatory evaluation of GTSG and SHSG in mice showed a significant inhibition of edema paw, after 5â¯h of carrageenan injection. The edema inhibition was 91.6% and 90% for SHSG and GTSG, respectively at the dose of 50â¯mg/kg. Furthermore, the histological evaluation and the superoxide dismutase, catalase and malondialdehyde level in muscle tissue were investigated. In summary, this work demonstrates that both GTSG and SHSG could be promising drugs with good wound healing and anti-inflammatory effects in animal model.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios , Peixes , Glicosaminoglicanos , Pele/química , Cicatrização/efeitos dos fármacos , Ferimentos e Lesões/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Glicosaminoglicanos/química , Glicosaminoglicanos/farmacologia , Camundongos , Ferimentos e Lesões/metabolismo , Ferimentos e Lesões/patologiaRESUMO
In the present work, water-soluble polysaccharides were isolated from black cumin seeds. Polysaccharides were characterized by their carbohydrate composition, molecular weight, thermal stability and by FTIR, NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The surface, the functional and the antioxidant properties of black cumin water-soluble polysaccharides (BCWSP) were also investigated. BCWSP consisted mainly of galacturonic acid (30.20%), glucuronic acid (17.66%) and neutral sugar (22.99%). BCWSP was composed of high peak molecular weight. The FTIR spectrum obtained for BCWSP showed two most important absorptions, at 1659 and 1085â¯cm-1, which corresponded to COO- of uronic acids and pyranose form, respectively. NMR spectroscopy data suggested that the BCWSP is probably a rhamnogalacturonan backbone with galactan and arabinan side chains. X-ray pattern revealed the semi-crystalline behavior of BCWSP. WHC and OHC of BCWSP were relatively high and varied with temperatures. The polysaccharide zeta potential was greatly affected by pH. Results indicated that the decrease of surface tension has influenced foaming and emulsifying capacities. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the BCWSP was 63.25% at 1â¯mg/mL. The BCWSP displayed moderate reductive, ß carotene bleaching and chelating abilities. Overall, our results suggested that BCWSP could be used as alternative additives in food and non-food products.
Assuntos
Nigella sativa/química , Polissacarídeos/química , Sementes/química , Água/química , Antioxidantes/química , Compostos de Bifenilo/química , Fenômenos Químicos , Óleos/química , Picratos/química , Solubilidade , Temperatura , beta Caroteno/químicaRESUMO
In this study, chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate was isolated and purified from the skin of corb (Sciaena umbra) (CSG) with a yield of 6.2%. Chemical and structural analysis showed that CSG consisted of high sulfate content 28.74% and an average molecular weight of 15.46 KDa. The separation of CSG by agarose-gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of DS and CS. Structural analysis of the purified CS/DS by means of SAX-HPLC after treatment with specific chondroitinases showed that this polymer was composed of nonsulfated disaccharide, monosulfated disaccharides and disulfated disaccharides in various percentages. The results also suggest that the percentage of CS and DS recovred in CSG were 24% and 76%, respectively. Anticoagulant activity in vitro was measured in plasma using classical anticoagulation tests: activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT) and prothrombine time (PT) tests. The findings thus indicated that the purified CS/DS exhibits a remarkably high anticoagulant effect.
Assuntos
Sulfatos de Condroitina/química , Sulfatos de Condroitina/farmacologia , Dermatan Sulfato/química , Dermatan Sulfato/farmacologia , Perciformes , Pele/química , Animais , Anticoagulantes/química , Anticoagulantes/isolamento & purificação , Anticoagulantes/farmacologia , Sulfatos de Condroitina/isolamento & purificação , Dermatan Sulfato/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Peso MolecularAssuntos
Anguilla/metabolismo , Anticoagulantes/química , Anticoagulantes/farmacologia , Pele/química , Animais , Bovinos , Celulose/análogos & derivados , Celulose/química , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Dissacarídeos/análise , Glicosaminoglicanos , Hemólise/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Peso Molecular , Espectrofotometria Ultravioleta , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Sus scrofaRESUMO
The effect of ultrafiltration process and temperature concentration on MRPs content and antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of date palm sap syrups were investigated. MRPs were analyzed by HPLC. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by reducing power and DPPH free radical and H2O2 scavenging activities. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the agar disk diffusion method. In vitro cytotoxic activity was examined by cell proliferation assay. Date sap syrups displayed strong antioxidant activities which are correlated 5HMF and 2F contents. In addition, concentration at 100⯰C, unlike ultrafiltration process, enhanced significantly the antioxidant activities sap syrups and total phenolic contents. The antimicrobial activities showed marked activity against S. enterica, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, L. monocytogenes with an inhibition zone of 21, 34, 27 and 34â¯mm respectively. Cytotoxicity assays showed that sap syrups can inhibit the proliferation of HeLa cell lines at high concentration.
Assuntos
Produtos Finais de Glicação Avançada/química , Produtos Finais de Glicação Avançada/farmacologia , Phoeniceae/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Frutas/química , Produtos Finais de Glicação Avançada/isolamento & purificação , Células HeLa , Temperatura Alta , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/química , Fenóis/química , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Fenóis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , UltrafiltraçãoRESUMO
In this work we evaluated the mode of action of six new synthesized peptides (Met-Asp-Asn; Glu-leu-Ala-Ala-Ala-Cys; Leu-Arg-Asp-Asp-Phe; Gly-Asn-Ala-Pro-Gly-Ala-Val-Ala; Ala-Leu-Arg-Met-Ser-Gly and Arg-Asp-Arg-Phe-Leu), previously identified, from the most active peptide fractions of RuBisCO peptic hydrolysate against Listeria innocua via a membrane damage mechanism. Antibacterial effect and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of these peptides were evaluated against six strains and their hemolytic activities towards bovine erythrocytes were determined. Prediction of the secondary structure of peptides indicated that these new antibacterial peptides are characterized by a short peptide chains (3-8 amino acid) and a random coli structure. Moreover, it was observed that one key characteristic of antibacterial peptides is the presence of specific amino acids such as cysteine, glycine, arginine and aspartic acid. In addition the determination of the extracellular potassium concentration revealed that treatment with pure RuBisCO peptides could cause morphological changes of L. innocua and destruction of the cell integrity via irreversible membrane damage. The results could provide information for investigating the antibacterial model of antibacterial peptides derived from RuBisCO protein hydrolysates.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/síntese química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Permeabilidade da Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Listeria/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicago sativa/química , Peptídeos/farmacologia , Hidrolisados de Proteína/metabolismo , Ribulose-Bifosfato Carboxilase/farmacologia , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Aminoácidos , Animais , Bovinos , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Glucose , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Modelos Moleculares , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/química , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacologia , Peptídeos/síntese química , Conformação ProteicaRESUMO
The condensation of several primary amines and diamines with various N1-ethoxycarbonyles N1-tosylhydrazonates (1a-b), triazolones (2) and bis-triazolone (3) resulted in ethanol under ultrasound irradiation. Compared with the conventional methods, the main advantages of the present procedure are milder conditions, shorter reaction time and higher yields. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. The results were compared to Captopril as a reference drug. Compounds 3b, 2h, 3a, 2d, and 2f showed not only inhibition activity with IC50 values of 0.162, 0.253, 0.253, 0.281 and 0.382⯵M, respectively, but also minimal toxicity. The docking of chemical compounds in the ACE active site showed possible inhibitory effect of all compounds on the catalytic activity of the enzyme, which would satisfactorily explain the anti-hypertensive effect of these compounds.