Arch Stiffness Does Not Determine Running Economy in Recreational Runners.

The primary purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between foot length, arch stiffness, and running economy in recreational runner at low running velocities. Sixteen trained endurance (age 20.5 ± 0.4 yrs, height 172 ± 1.8 cm, and mass 68.53 ± 2.40 kg) athletes had their foot anthropometrics and running economy measured. Foot anthropometrics including Foot Length (FL), Arch Stiffness Index (ASI), and Achilles Tendon Moment Arm Length (ATML) were assessed. Subjects then completed a maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) test and running economy (RE) assessment. RE was measured as the oxygen consumption during running at velocities of 9.9 km/h and 11.9 km/h at a 1% grade. Data is reported as Mean ± SE, and the relationship between foot anthropometrics and running economy was assessed with linear regression (α = 0.05). Results: Absolute and relative VO2max values were 3.68 ± 0.19 L/min and 52.96 ± 1.51 mL/kg/min. ASI was 1513 ± 174.27 A.U. with a standing foot length of 25.41 ± 0.4 cm. Subject oxygen consumption at 9.9 km/h and 11.9 km/h was 34.9 ± 0.80 mL/kg/min and 41.02 ± 0.82 mL/kg/min, respectively. There was no correlation between ASI, FL, AHI, and RE (p > 0.05). Arch stiffness and Achilles tendon moment arm do not determine running economy. Therefore, running economy may be impacted by other physiological and biomechanical factors at low running velocities.

Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma presenting within a solitary anti-mesenteric dilated segment of ileum: a case report.

INTRODUCTION: Mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is the third most common non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtype. Clinical presentation is often insidious as a low-grade lesion and disease tends to remain localised for a long period of time. Ileal involvement is rare and presentation within an area of focal anti-mesenteric ileal wall dilation simulating a large diverticulum has not been reported. CASE PRESENTATION: A 59-year-old man of Caucasian origin presented to a general surgical outpatients clinic with an 18-month history of intermittent upper abdominal pain following meals. Following normal gastroscopy and abdominal ultrasound, a focally dilated segment of ileum was seen on computed tomography and further clarified by barium investigation. Histology of this segment demonstrated MALT lymphoma of the small bowel. CONCLUSION: A solitary focally dilated segment of ileal wall may be neoplastic in nature and surgical resection needs to be considered.

Laparoscopic repair of abdominal intercostal hernia: a case report and review of the literature.

Abdominal intercostal herniation occurs rarely, with only 27 previous cases reported in the literature. An 84-year-old man presented with a painful large thoraco-abdominal mass. He had no history of trauma or surgery to the chest or abdomen. A thoraco-abdominal computerized tomography scan revealed a protrusion of intra-abdominal omental fat into a sac between the left eighth and ninth ribs. We present a novel technique for the repair of this uncommon condition. There were no peri-operative complications and the patient was asymptomatic on review 9 months later. We suggest that a laparoscopic approach may be used for treatment of an uncomplicated abdominal intercostal hernia.

Human-Mouse Gene Searcher: a tool to assist discovery of malformation-associated genes by using phenotype databases.

UNLABELLED: An open-access World Wide Web application has been developed which enables the cross-linking of anatomical data on the phenotypic manifestations of human and mouse malformation syndromes to data on gene function and/or expression patterns in the mouse GXD database. Ultimately, the system has been designed to assist biologists in the process of discovering hitherto unidentified malformation genes. More specifically, it facilitates search from the phenotypic level. AVAILABILITY: The application and further information is available at http://genetics.ich.ucl.ac.uk/linksearchtool.