RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to review the risks associated with using lentiviral and retroviral vectors in research and clinical settings and to propose an update to an effective treatment plan. METHODS: Risks of exposure were evaluated based on vector design, safety features, viral tropism, transgene, and means and modes of transmission. These risks were weighed against the potential risks and benefits of current HIV medications. RESULTS: We recommend the following post-exposure prophylactic treatment for significant lentiviral vector exposures: 1) dolutegravir 50 mg. taken once a day for 7 days; and 2) tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300 mg. taken once a day for 7 days (28 days of both medications for replication-competent vectors). CONCLUSIONS: Due to the highly efficient delivery of transgenes by modern lentiviral and retroviral vectors, post-exposure prophylaxis is indicated to prevent vector integration and oncogenic risks.
RESUMO
Performing experiments using human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected materials represents a potential biological hazard for the investigator. An intensive training program for laboratory personnel must always precede the actual execution of research involving manipulation of HIV. In addition, appropriate sterile tissue culture techniques are absolute prerequisites for producing meaningful experiments and for achieving safe working conditions. In most circumstances more than one investigator uses the same HIV research facility; therefore, careful training in biosafety is mandatory not only for self-protection, but for the safety of other investigators as well. The first protocol in this unit establishes a general framework for working safely with HIV and the second describes the proper storage of HIV stocks and test supernatants.