[Prevalence of ketotic hypoglycaemia among schoolchildren in the village of Ahoué in Côte-d'Ivoire]. / Prévalence de l'hypoglycémie cétosique chez les enfants d'âge scolaire dans le village d'Ahoué en Côte-d'Ivoire.

To determine the prevalence of ketotic hypoglycemia among schoolchildren, a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in preschools and schools in rural areas that involved 102 schoolchildren, from 4 to 7 years old, comprised 51 girls and 51 boys. Index WHZ was used to evaluate the children's nutritional status. The sampling was obtained by a drop of capillary blood in the pulp of the finger. The determination of glucose was realized by glucose oxidase method using an ultra sensitive and fast (One Touch Ultra) glucometer, and ketonuria was detected by dipstick "Ketodiastix." The clinical results revealed that most of children had a normal birth weight with an average of 2.885 g, a good Apgar's score superior to 7, and then the nutritional index WHZ revealed 3% of severe malnutrition and 34% of moderate malnutrition. Ten children (9.8%) had a hypoglycemia with a median of 0.51 g/l and extreme values going from 0.42 to 0.59 g/l. Seven children had a hypoglycemia associated with ketonuria. The prevalence of ketotic hypoglycemia was 7% in this study, and more frequent in the children between 4 and 5 years with 57% of cases in this age group. Thus, this condition, found in Western countries is a reality in Côte d'Ivoire, where the diathesis of malnutrition (37% of the population of the study) is a favorable factor. Therefore, it is useful to prevent protein-energy malnutrition by a balanced food by avoiding fasting before school by diet management.

[Lipoprotein profile of patients infected with HIV in Côte d'Ivoire]. / Etude du profil lipidoprotéinique des sujets infectés par le VIH en Côte d'Ivoire.

Aids is a cachexysing disease which is striking Africa. Côte d'Ivoire with its 12% seroprevalence is paying a heavy tribute to this pandemia. The course of the disease is characterized by the occurrence of immunological and biochemical disorders. The aim of this study is to offer African practitioners, clinicians and biologists some biochimical parameters that would help them to follow up people infected with HIV. The authors determined the lipoprotein profile in 204 people (112 Aids patients, 61 HIV infected asymptomatics and 31 controls seronegative to HIV), of both sexes aged 17 to 70 years old. The results show a relatively high level of triglyceridemia, a decreased level of total cholesterol, apoproteins A1 and B and a hypergammaglobulinemia with concomitant and significant increase in the level of orosomucoide as a stigmate of inflammation. These data could help practitioners who lack CD4/CD8 count and viral load monitoring in the follow up of their AIDS patients.